Redefinition of the cicada tribe Hemidictyini Distant, 1905, status of the tribe Iruanini Boulard, 1993 rev. stat., and the establishment of Hovanini n. tribe and Sapantangini n. tribe (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4747 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-155
Author(s):  
ALLEN F. SANBORN ◽  
DAVID C. MARSHALL ◽  
MAXWELL S. MOULDS ◽  
STÉPHANE PUISSANT ◽  
CHRIS SIMON
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Distinct Part

A recent paper by Ruschel & Campos (2019) on “leaf-winged” cicadas proposed a significant reorganization of the cicada tribe Hemidictyini Distant, 1905g, including synonymization of the monogeneric tribe Lacetasini Moulds & Marshall, 2018 following the results of a cladistic parsimony analysis of morphological characters. In this study, we reconsider and revise the morphological analysis of Ruschel & Campos and obtain new genetic data for Hemidictya. We find that their study suffers from a limited taxon sample, inappropriate outgroup selection, and misinterpretation of genitalic characters (uncus vs. claspers). We show that Hemidictyini sensu Ruschel & Campos includes members of multiple tribes and subfamilies, and we conclude that some of the taxonomic transfers by Ruschel & Campos are not supported. The two most similar and leaf-like cicadas, Hemidictya Burmeister, 1835 (South America) and Hovana Distant, 1905g (Madagascar), are probably not closely related but rather an excellent example of convergent evolution. Lacetasini is not a junior synonym of the Hemidictyini but a distinct part of the Tettigomyiinae Distant, 1905g as originally classified. We return or transfer the genera Lacetas Karsch, 1890, Iruana Distant, 1905g, Bafutalna Boulard, 1993, and Murphyalna Boulard, 2012 to the Lacetasini. With the transfer of all genera of Iruanina Boulard, 1993 and Bafutalnina Boulard, 1993 to Lacetasini and with Lacetas transferred to the Iruanina, Lacetasini n. syn. becomes a subjective junior synonym of Iruanini rev. stat. in the Tettigomyiinae. We assign Hovana to Hovanini n. tribe in the Tettigomyiinae and Sapantanga Distant, 1905g to Sapantangini n. tribe in the Tibicininae Distant, 1905b. We propose that Hemidictyini sensu novo contains only the genus Hemidictya and we assign the tribe to Tibicininae with a revised diagnosis. 

scholarly journals DOES Notarius bonillai (SILURIFORMES: ARIIDAE) OCCUR IN FRESH AND ESTUARINE WATERS IN ILHA DO MARANHÃO, BRAZIL?

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Campos de Santana ◽  
Jonatas da Silva Castro ◽  
José Milton Barbosa ◽  
Erivânia Gomes Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Regional Study ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Fish Collection ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Nueva Granada ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the occurrence of the species Notarius bonillai (Miles, 1945) in waters of Ilha do Maranhão (or Ilha de São Luís), Maranhão, Brazil. The investigation is necessary to clarify the distribution of this species before any regional study on it can be made. In seven previous studies, Notarius bonillai is mentioned as living in waters of this region: in São José Bay at east, São Marcos Bay at west, and Arraial bay at south. However, several studies in South America report the species as endemic of the  two rivers and their estuaries, which flow into the coast of the Caribbean Sea of Colombia. Analysis included preserved specimens identified as Notarius bonillai from a regional fish collection of Ilha do Maranhão. Additional material of Cathorops specimens were collected in the municipality of Raposa, located near estuary of rio Paciência in the east of Ilha do Maranhão. Analysis of the morphological characters of preserved specimens of the regional fish collection, indicate that the species identified as Notarius bonillai in the region was erroneously identified, instead being Cathorops arenatus (Valenciennes, 1840). Morphological analysis of the additional material collected from Cathorops specimens indicate three species of Cathorops occurring in Ilha do Maranhão: Cathorops agassizii (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888), Cathorops arenatus (Valenciennes, 1840), and Cathorops spixii (Agassiz, 1829). Consequently, Notarius bonillai does not occur in Ilha do Maranhão. RESUMOEste trabalho trata da ocorrência da espécie Notarius bonillai (Miles, 1945) na Ilha do Maranhão (ou Ilha de São Luís), Maranhão, Brasil. A investigação é necessária para esclarecer a distribuição desta espécie antes que qualquer estudo regional sobre ela possa ser feito. Em sete estudos anteriores,Notarius bonillai é mencionado como vivendo nas águas desta região: na Baía de São José a leste, na Baía de São Marcos a oeste e na Baía de Arraial ao sul. No entanto, vários estudos na América do Sul relatam a espécie como endêmica de dois rios e seus estuários, que desembocam na costa do Mar do Caribe na Colômbia. Análises incluíram espécimes preservados como Notarius bonillai deuma coleção regional de peixes da Ilha do Maranhão. Material adicional de espécimes de Cathorops foram coletados no município de Raposa, localizado próximo ao estuário do rio Paciência, no leste da Ilha do Maranhão. A análise dos caracteres morfológicos dos espécimes preservados na coleção regional de peixes, indicam que a espécie identificada como Notarius bonillai na região foierroneamente identificada, sendo Cathorops arenatus (Valenciennes, 1840) sua correta identificação. Análises morfológicas do material adicional de espécimes de Cathorops coletados indicam três espécies de Cathorops com ocorrência na Ilha do Maranhão: Cathorops agassizii (Eigenmann & Eigenmann, 1888), Cathorops arenatus (Valenciennes, 1840) e Cathorops spixii (Agassiz, 1829).Consequentemente, Notarius bonillai não ocorre na Ilha do Maranhão.Palavras-chave: Estuários; Nueva Granada sea catfish; Bagre cabezón; Uriacica; Baía de São Marcos; Baía de São José. 

Morphological and genetic variation in populations of Sitana marudhamneydhal and the validity of Sitana attenboroughii

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4964 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-540
Author(s):  
A. BALAN ◽  
D. JUDE ◽  
SURYA NARAYANAN ◽  
SANDEEP VARMA ◽  
V. DEEPAK
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
Two Populations

Dewlap morphology and body ratios are two of the main morphological characters used in delimiting Sitana spp. It becomes a statistical limitation when small samples are used in species descriptions, as outliers can be picked to be described as a distinct species. Genetic data has been used to support the distinctness of a species in Sitana. However, species with shallow genetic divergence becomes a problem if not thoroughly examined. We examine and report our findings on morphological and genetic differences in two populations of Sitana marudhamneydhal and one population of S. attenboroughii. The shallow genetic divergence and overlapping morphology shows that Sitana attenboroughii is a junior synonym of Sitana marudhamneydhal 

Revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Papuan weevil genus Thyestetha Pascoe (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Cryptorhynchinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3355 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONAS EBERLE ◽  
RENE TÄNZLER ◽  
ALEXANDER RIEDEL
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Maximum Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parsimony Analysis

Thyestetha Pascoe, an apterous genus of Papuan Cryptorhynchinae is revised. It contains two previously describedspecies, T. carbonaria Faust and T. nitida Pascoe, plus seven new species: T. discolor sp. n., T. emarginata sp. n.,T. glabra sp. n., T. lubrica sp. n., T. oblita sp. n., T. puncticollis sp. n., and T. splendens sp. n.. Lectotypes are designatedfor T. carbonaria, T. nitida, and Pantoxistus rubripennis Chevrolat which is a junior synonym of T. nitida (syn. n.). Thegenus and its species are described and the characters relevant for their identification are illustrated. A key to the speciesis provided. Phylogenetic analyses are performed, utilizing molecular and morphological approaches. A maximumlikelihood tree including 5 Thyestetha species and 2 outgroups is presented, based on 3 mitochondrial and 4 nuclearmarkers. A maximum parsimony analysis of 19 morphological characters includes all described species. Thyestetha ispresumably closely related to Telaugia Pascoe and Elichora Pascoe. The group is restricted to New Guinea and some smaller neighboring islands.

Phylogenetic analysis and redefinition of the maculata species group of Epicauta (Meloidae: Meloinae: Epicautini)

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Paula Campos-Soldini ◽  
Roig-Juñent Sergio Alberto
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
The North

A cladistic analysis based on 81 morphological characters was performed in order to determine the phylogenetic relationships of 11 species ofEpicautafrom South America. We find that the 11 South American species constitute a monophyletic group together with all the North American species of theEpicauta maculatagroup. Within this clade, the 11 species from South America conforms an apical monophyletic group within theE. maculatagroup. We propose to maintain the validity of theEpicauta maculatagroup, but also to redefine it with new characters. The South American species of theEpicauta maculatagroup are also described and illustrated. We propose the following nomenclatural changes:Epicauta rosilloiMartínez, junior synonym ofEpicauta minutepunctataBorchmann;Epicauta fourcadeiDenier, junior synonym ofEpicauta fulvicornis(Burmeister), andEpicauta breyeriDenier, junior synonym ofEpicauta nigropunctataBlanchard. We provide an identification key, new host plant associations, and updated geographic distribution.

Morphological support for placement of the Wing-banded Antbird Myrmornis torquata in the Thamnophilidae (Passeriformes: Furnariides)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3122 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA GALVÃO ◽  
LUIZ PEDREIRA GONZAGA
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Intermediate Form ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject ◽  
High Support

Myrmornis torquata has often been considered an intermediate form between the ground antbirds and the typical antbirds. Although molecular phylogenies have consistently placed M. torquata in the Thamnophilidae (typical antbirds), this species has not been the subject of a thorough anatomical study, and no phylogeny based on morphological characters has been published. We undertook a cladistic morphological analysis of M. torquata and representatives of all families in the infraorder Furnariides, to clarify the systematic affinities of this species. In a parsimony analysis of 66 osteological and syringeal characters, Myrmornis clustered with other thamnophilids with high support values, sharing with them five synapomorphies of unambiguous optimization in all most-parsimonious trees. Two synapomorphies are syringeal features exclusive to the family: (1) the presence of processes on the ventral surface of supporting A-elements of the syrinx cranial to the membrana tracheosyringealis, and (2) the division of the musculus sternotrachealis into two fasciculi near its insertion on the syrinx. A third syringeal synapomorphy (presence of the musculus vocalis ventralis) also occurs in the Dendrocolaptidae and Furnariidae as a homoplasy. Two unambiguous osteological synapomorphies were found: (1) the narrowing of the foramen orbitonasale, and (2) the confluence of the foramen obturatum and the fenestra ischiopubica, a reversal also found in the Furnariidae. Our results provide strong morphological support for the placement of Myrmornis in the Thamnophilidae. Key-words: Morphological phylogeny, osteology, syrinx, suboscines, Furnarioidea, Thamnophilidae, Formicariidae, Grallariidae, Neotropics.

Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER B. HEENAN ◽  
ROB D. SMISSEN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
South America ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Dna Sequence Data

The generic taxonomy of the Nothofagaceae is revised. We present a new phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters and map these characters onto a recently published phylogenetic tree obtained from DNA sequence data. Results of these and previous analyses strongly support the monophyly of four clades of Nothofagaceae that are currently treated as subgenera of Nothofagus. The four clades of Nothofagaceae are robust and well-supported, with deep stem divergences, have evolutionary equivalence with other genera of Fagales, and can be circumscribed with morphological characters. We argue that these morphological and molecular differences are sufficient for the four clades of Nothofagaceae to be recognised at the primary rank of genus, and that this classification will be more informative and efficient than the currently circumscribed Nothofagus with four subgenera.        Nothofagus is recircumscribed to include five species from southern South America, Lophozonia and Trisyngyne are reinstated, and the new genus Fuscospora is described. Fuscospora and Lophozonia, with six and seven species respectively, occur in New Zealand, southern South America and Australia. Trisyngyne comprises 25 species from New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. New combinations are provided where necessary in each of these genera.

Phylogenetic relationships between the genera Aphidius and Lysaphidus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) with description of Aphidius iranicus sp. nov.

2007 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željko Tomanović ◽  
Ehsan Rakhshani ◽  
Petr Starý ◽  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Ljubiša Ž. Stanisavljević ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Artemisia Absinthium ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Generic Status

AbstractWe analyzed the phylogenetic relationships between eight Aphidius Nees and six Lysaphidus Smith species on the basis of 12 morphological characters by parsimony analysis. The consensus tree does not support the generic status of Lysaphidus. Aphidius iranicus, sp. nov., associated with Titanosiphon bellicosum Nevsky on Artemisia absinthium L. from Iran, is described. The new parasitoid species is described and illustrated by line drawings, and its diagnostic characters are discussed. The taxonomic position of the subgenus Tremblayia Tizado and Núñez-Pérez is also considered. Tremblayia and Lysaphidus are newly classified as synonyms of Aphidius. The following new or revised combinations are proposed: Aphidius adelocarinus Smith, comb. rev., A. ramythirus Smith, comb. rev., A. rosaphidis Smith, comb. rev., A. viaticus (Sedlag), comb. nov., A. arvensis (Starý), comb. nov., and A. erysimi (Starý), comb. nov.

Resurrection of Pilumnus vinaceus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (Brachyura: Pilumnidae) using integrative evidence from molecular and morphology

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5047 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-556
Author(s):  
TATIANA MAGALHÃES ◽  
JOÃO A. F. PANTALEÃO ◽  
FERNANDO L. MANTELATTO
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Western Atlantic

The hairy crab Pilumnus vinaceus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, previously considered to be a junior synonym of Pilumnus dasypodus Kingsley, 1879 by Rathbun (1897) is here resurrected. Pilumnus vinaceus can be distinguished from the known western Atlantic species (including P. dasypodus) based on morphological characters and molecular markers. This action increases number of reported species of Pilumnus in the western Atlantic to nineteen.  

Salicornia cuscoensis (Amaranthaceae/Chenopodiaceae), a new species from Peru (South America)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 319 (3) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ÁNGELES ALONSO ◽  
MANUEL B. CRESPO ◽  
HELMUT FREITAG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Tierra Del Fuego ◽  
South American ◽  
Habitat Distribution ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
A New Species

The name Salicornia cuscoensis given to a plant from high Andean saltmarshes near Cusco [Cuzco] and Ayacucho, Peru (South America) is validated by a diagnosis and description. The main morphological characters that separate S. cuscoensis from other closely related species are creeping habit, delicate branches, inflorescence of short and thin spikes, and seed indumentum. The new species clearly differs from other perennial Salicornia taxa growing in high Andean saltmarshes such as S. pulvinata and S. andina. The former forms small compact cushions producing very short, few-flowered inflorescences. The latter shows woody stems and forms larger rounded carpets. Morphologically, S. cuscoensis is also similar to S. magellanica, a species growing along the seashore in southern Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, but the latter has shorter and wider inflorescences and larger seeds with a different type and arrangement of indumentum. Molecular analyses also supported the separation of S. cuscoensis. Data on habitat, distribution and phylogenetic relationships are presented for the new species and its relatives, and an identification key is given for the South American taxa of the genus Salicornia.

scholarly journals Seven new species of Latonigena (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from South America

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ott ◽  
Everton Nei Lopes Rodrigues ◽  
Antonio Domingos Brescovit
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
First Descriptions

In this paper seven new species of Latonigena Simon, 1893 are described, including the first descriptions of males of this genus. Latonigena beni sp. nov. is described from Bolivia and Brazil and six species are described exclusively from Brazil: L. colombo sp. nov. from Paraná; L. lami sp. nov. from Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul; L. santana sp. nov., L. sapiranga sp. nov. and L. taim sp. nov. from Rio Grande do Sul; L. turvo sp. nov. from Tocantins, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. Latonigena africana Tucker, 1923 is transferred to Trichothyse Tucker, 1923 with basis on the morphological characters.

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