scholarly journals Dwujęzyczność polsko-niemiecka w powiecie pilskim, czarnkowsko-trzcianeckim i złotowskim: zarządzanie językiem w trzech pokoleniach na podstawie reprezentatywnych biografii językowych

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Prawdzic
Keyword(s):  
Language Ideology ◽  
Research Team ◽  
German Language ◽  
Language Management ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
German Minority

Polish-German Bilingualism in the Piła, Czarnków-Trzcianka and Złotów Districts: A Study of Language Management in Three Generations Based on Representative Language BiographiesAs part of the project entitled “Language across generations: Contact induced change in morpho-syntax in German-Polish bilingual speech”, members of the research team conducted interviews in Polish and German with 124 bilingual persons in Poland and Germany, including 14 in the Piła, Czarnków-Trzcianka and Złotów districts. Before 1945, Piła and Złotów belonged to the German province of Pomerania, and when the borders were moved both towns became part of Poland. This brought a complete change of the social, geopolitical and language reality of the inhabitants of the region. In the People’s Republic of Poland, efforts were made to eliminate the German language. The situation changed again after the breakthrough of 1989, when the German minority in Poland was officially recognised. On the basis of three language biographies of people born in the 1920s, 1930s and 1950s, which are representative for the Piła-Złotów region, this study presents how the language ideology of linking one country with one language operated over three generations of speakers. It also considers language management at the micro level, taking into account the changes which occurred in 1945 and 1989. Dwujęzyczność polsko-niemiecka w powiecie pilskim, czarnkowsko-trzcianeckim i złotowskim: zarządzanie językiem w trzech pokoleniach na podstawie reprezentatywnych biografii językowychW ramach grantu „Pokoleniowe zróżnicowanie języka: zmiany morfosyntaktyczne wywołane przez polsko-niemiecki kontakt językowy w mowie osób dwujęzycznych” przeprowadzono wywiady ze stu dwudziestoma czterema osobami dwujęzycznymi w Polsce i w Niemczech w języku polskim i niemieckim, w tym w powiecie pilskim, czarnkowsko-trzcianeckim i złotowskim – z czternastoma osobami. Piła i Złotów należały przed 1945 rokiem do niemieckiej Prowincji Pomorza, a po przesunięciu granic oba miasta znalazły się w Polsce. Rzeczywistość społeczna, geopolityczna i językowa mieszkańców regionu całkowicie się zmieniła. W PRL dążono do wyeliminowania języka niemieckiego. Sytuacja ponownie uległa zmianie po przełomie 1989 roku, kiedy to uznano mniejszość niemiecką w Polsce. Na podstawie trzech biografii językowych osób urodzonych w latach 20., 30. i 50. XX wieku, reprezentatywnych dla regionu pilsko-złotowskiego, pokazano, jak na przestrzeni trzech pokoleń mówców funkcjonowała ideologia językowa łączenia jednego państwa z jednym językiem oraz przedstawiono zarządzanie językami na poziomie mikro z uwzględnieniem cezur czasowych 1945 i 1989 roku.

Studies in the Social and Economic History of Ostia

1938 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 152-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

The first of these Studies was concerned chiefly with the history of Ostia during the period when the city was still growing and its prosperity increasing. Even so, during the period already considered, the prosperity of Ostia, though real, was to this extent artificial, in that it depended upon factors over which the citizens themselves had no control. Ostia was the port of Rome, and nothing else, and in consequence any lowering of the standard of living in, or reduction of imports into the capital city must have had immediate and marked repercussions upon her prosperity. She even lacked to a great extent those reserves of wealth which in other cities might be drawn upon to tide over bad times. The typical citizen of Ostia came to the city in the hope of making his fortune there; but when he had made it, he usually preferred to retire to some more pleasant town, such as Tibur, Tusculum, Velitrae, or Rome itself, where he could enjoy his leisure. Few families seem to have remained in the city for more than two, or, at the most, three generations. Whilst therefore fortunes were made in Ostia, wealth was not accumulated there.

Bewahren der deutschen Identitȁt und Sprache in Großrumȁnien. Das Vereinsleben

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-105
Author(s):  
Iulia Elena Zup ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Weimar Republic ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Language And Identity ◽  
Old Kingdom ◽  
New Associations ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Cultural Field ◽  
The Social ◽  
German Minority

"Preserving the German Identity and Language in Romania after 1918. Cultural Associations. The present paper explores some cultural sociological aspects of the economic, leisure-related and professional associations of the German minority living in Romania at the time of the Weimar Republic (1918-1933), in the context of the social-political transformations and the development of the modern, interwar Romanian society. Although German associations existed in the now Romanian territories before 1918 as well, many new associations were founded and the activity of the already existing ones flourished during the interwar period. The associations are analysed in respect to the regions in which the Germans of Romania lived (Transylvania, Banat, Bukovina, the Romanian Old Kingdom and Bessarabia), the type of association, their objectives, publications and activities. The establishment of so many associations at the time of the Weimar Republic and their intense activities reveals, on one hand, the endeavours of the German minority to preserve its language and identity, and on the other hand, the freedom that the German community enjoyed – in other words, quite a liberal cultural politics of the Greater Romania. The associations were a part of the development of a socio-cultural field which granted the Germans a special place in Romania’s cultural history. Keywords: associations, Germans of Romania, Weimar Republic, Greater Romania, German language and identity "

Zum Quellenwert der historischen Presseforschung in multiethnischen Räumen

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Doris Sava
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
German Language ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Research Infrastructures ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Funding Programs ◽  
German Minority ◽  
Central Eastern

The number of projects dedicated to the digitization of newspaper collections in libraries and archives has risen continuously in recent years. The main focus is on securing German-language press inventory outside of the German-speaking area, which often cannot be copied due to the aging process, and – with a view to developments, cross-connections and research approaches – making them available for broad use for future independent investigations. Through various funding programs, the ministries responsible for education and research and national research infrastructures also work to keep this cultural heritage alive, to digitize it on a larger scale, to develop it and to make it internationally accessible. The article therefore shows some of the noteworthy newspapers and magazines of the German minority in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe and some efforts for documentation of the German minority press in this region.

FROM SOCIAL FORMS IN TEACHING GERMAN USE

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (06) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Anora Mamatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Teaching ◽  
German Language ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
The Social

The article analyzes the social forms used in German language teaching. Their types, advantages and disadvantages are shown.

Multilingualism in Metropolitan London

English Today ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinier Salverda
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Language Management ◽  
Tower Of Babel ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Social ◽  
University College London ◽  
The Common

A description and discussion of the vast linguistic diversity in the capital of the United Kingdom.LONDON today is an enormous Tower of Babel, where in addition to the common language, English, many other languages are spoken. On Tuesday 13 March 2001, as part of the Lunch Hour Lecture Series at University College London, Professor Reinier Salverda discussed the linguistic diversity of contemporary London, presenting recent data on the other languages spoken there, as well as focussing on the social aspects of this linguistic diversity, in particular issues of language policy and language management. The following is a slightly adapted version of that presentation.

scholarly journals IDENTITAS DIASPORIS TIGA GENERASI PEREMPUAN CINA DALAM ONLY A GIRL KARYA LIAN GOUW (Diasporic Identity of Three Generations of Chinese Females in Only A Girl Written by Lian Gouw)

ATAVISME ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Ratna Asmarani
Keyword(s):  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Great Role ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Diasporic Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Family House

Identity is crucial in a person’s life. Diasporic identity is much more complicated because it involves at least two cultures. The focus of this paper is to analyze the diasporic identity of three generations of diasporic Chinese females as represented in Lian Gouw’s novel entitled Only a Girl. The data and supporting concepts are compiled using library research and close reading. The qualitative analysis is used to support the contextual literary analysis combining the intrinsic aspect focusing on the female characters and the extrinsic aspects concerning diaspora and identity. The results shows that each Chinese female character has tried to construct her own diasporic identity. However, the social, cultural, political, educational, and economic contexts play a great role in the struggles to construct the diasporic identity. It can be concluded that the younger the generation, the braver their effort to construct their diasporic identity and the braver their decision to take a distance with the big family house eventhough they have to face stronger and more complicated conflicts to realize and actualize their personal construction of diasporic identity.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONING FEATURES OF THE GERMAN PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL AND PEDAGOGICAL VOCABULARY IN SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL SPHERES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9(77)) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Myroslava Duzha-Zadorozhna ◽  
Volodymyr Zadorozhnyy
Keyword(s):  
German Language ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
Scientific Schools ◽  
The Social ◽  
Specific Meaning ◽  
And Control

The article analyzes the use of German professional social and pedagogical vocabulary in scientific, academic and practical spheres of activity in order to clarify the functioning of terminological units in these spheres. Due to the peculiarities of tasks facing different spheres of social pedagogy specialists’ activity, there was a certain linguistic differentiation in them. Terminological changes in the language of social pedagogy signal the phenomenon of certain concepts euphemisation and indicate the use of parallel paradigmatically different lexical meanings. Professional concepts define the process of narrow-branch terminology perception by the recipients and control their actions. Due to some arbitrary use of terms within the social and pedagogical professional language, there is sometimes a partial loss of the meaning of the concept caused by the lack of clear and formalized theoretical concepts in social pedagogy. Terminological units in the professional language of social pedagogy constantly correlate with theoretical concepts, in the pragmatic context of which they reveal their specific meaning. The issue of the scientific content of terminological units is connected with the dominance of certain social and pedagogical scientific schools and the imposition of their terminological apparatus on the whole field of knowledge. In recent decades, there has been a significant impact of economic processes on the German language of the social and pedagogical field, which leads to the active use of economic vocabulary in it.

scholarly journals On the Demographics and the Severity of the Social Security Crisis

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1001-1028
Author(s):  
Emin Gahramanov
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intertemporal Consumption ◽  
Policy Analysts ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Pension Benefits ◽  
Changing Demographics

Abstract Changing demographics across the world threatens the sustainability of pension benefits. Yet there is widespread sentiment among some business and policy analysts that in the presence of population ageing, more elderly people would mean more old-age consumption and robust business opportunities across all spending dimensions. In this paper we look at a micro-level analysis of intertemporal consumption/saving behavior, and find that in the presence of notable heterogeneity with respect to the consumer impatience and rationality degree, different demographic challenges and likely policy responses would imply greatly varying and significant consumption changes at old age. We also touch upon the associated issues of welfare analysis and transitional effects and discuss various complexities and challenges for policy implications and economic projections.

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