Determination of Phenolic Compounds from Jimma Drinking Water Using 4-Aminoantipyrine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 690-694
Author(s):  
Kassahun Dejene Belayneh ◽  
Khalid Siraj ◽  
Mengesha Tigist
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Jimma Town

The quality of drinking water in Ethiopia is an influential environmental factor of health and water can use as a medium for disease transmission in countries on all continents; all are affected from the poorest to the richest. Moreover, in our globe millions of people are unprotected to unsafe concentration of chemical pollutants in the drinking water. Dichlorohenols are considered as key water pollutants that are destructive to creatures at stumpy concentrations and many of them have been clustered as detrimental pollutants because of their probable to damage human health even in low concentration. This research aimed to determine phenolic compounds from drinking water of Jimma town which is found south west of Ethiopia, by using 4-Aminoantipyridine (AAP). The sample of drinking water before and after treatment was collected for determination of pollutants which classified as raw water (RW), treated water (TW) and system distributed water (SDW). The sample of water was preserved by phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid under pH 4 and distillation was carried out in order to remove sulfur containing compounds by addition of CuSO4 solution. In the analysis of water using 4-Aminoantipyrine the treated water and the system distributed water have been contained 2.73 ppb and 3.64 ppb which had more phenolic compounds as compared to raw water of 1.18 ppb. Therefore, the existence of phenolic compound in both treated and system distributed water of Jimma town drinking water has more phenolic compounds as compared to the permissible level of both Ethiopian Standard, 2 ppb and EPA Standards, 1 ppb.

scholarly journals The influence of electrogalvanic device on scaling

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjana Simonič ◽  
Irena Ban
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Aragonite Crystal ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

AbstractThe use of an electrogalvanic device for scale neutralisation is descibed in this paper. Physico-chemical analyses were performed before and after the treatment. The results were compared with those obtained by using magnetic water treatment device. By measuring some individual parameters and the implementation of chemical analysis, the satisfactory functioning of the electrogalvanic device was demonstrated. The quality of drinking water did not change much after the water treatment method. The results of determination of calcium carbonate saturating index showed that the raw drinking water is in carbonate equlibrium as well as both treated water samples. The calcite/aragonite ratio was studied by means of microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. Inspection of crystals formed during the experiments with microscopy indicated that aragonite crystal structure of the precipitates prevailed over the calcite stucture. The diffractograms showed that the share of aragonite increased after using the electrogalvanic device compared with raw drinking water samples where the share of calcite was higher.

scholarly journals Development of new total RNA isolation method for tissues with rich phenolic compounds

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-350
Author(s):  
Zafer Seçgin ◽  
Gökhan Gökdemir ◽  
Elif Seda Atabay ◽  
Aslıhan Kurt Kızıldoğan ◽  
Musa Kavas
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Rna Isolation ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Isolation Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Ctab Method ◽  
Total Rna Isolation

AbstractBackgroundRNAs to be used in transcriptome analysis must be of high quality and pure in order to ensure maximum representation of the expressed genes. RNA isolation is difficult in hazelnut tissues containing large amounts of secondary metabolite, phenolic compounds and the cell wall structure. Commonly used protocols for RNA isolation are those that require a lot of labor and time and also do not allow sufficient RNA isolation when applied to tissues rich in phenolic compounds. This study was aimed to develop an efficient method for isolation of total RNAs from bud of hazelnut to be used in RNA sequencing.Materials and methodsAn optimized new method was successfully applied on three different hazelnuts genotypes (Çakıldak, Palaz, Tombul) and about 25 times higher amount of total RNAs per mg fresh tissues were obtained compared to classical CTAB method. Different methods have been tried for the isolation of RNA from hazelnut tissues and the determination of the quality of the obtained RNAs.ResultsThe quality and quantity of isolalated total RNAs were determined by spectrophotometer, electrophoresis and PCR. This success has been caught without any compromise of purity since A260/A280 ratios ranged from 1.90 to 2.04 and A260/A230 ratios were >2.0 in all purified RNAs.ConclusionThe total RNAs isolated with new protocol was found to be suitable for RNA sequencing and other molecular applications.

scholarly journals Microbial water quality of treated water and raw water sources in the Harare area, Zimbabwe

Water SA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 691
Author(s):  
Tatenda G Chirenda ◽  
Sunitha C Srinivas ◽  
R Tandlich
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Microbial Water Quality ◽  
Treated Water

scholarly journals Cyanobacteria and microcystin contamination in untreated and treated drinking water in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Naa Dzama Addico ◽  
Jörg D. Hardege ◽  
Jiri Kohoutek ◽  
Kweku Amoaku Atta DeGraft-Johnson ◽  
Pavel Babica
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Maximal Concentration ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Treated Drinking Water ◽  
Who Guideline

<p>Although cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins represent a worldwide-occurring phenomenon, there are large differences among different countries in cyanotoxin-related human health risk assessment, management practices and policies. While national standards, guideline values and detailed regulatory frameworks for effective management of cyanotoxin risks have been implemented in many industrialized countries, the extent of cyanobacteria occurrence and cyanotoxin contamination in certain geographical regions is under-reported and not very well understood. Such regions include major parts of tropical West and Central Africa, a region constisting of more than 25 countries occupying an area of 12 million km<sup>2</sup>, with a total population of 500 milion people. Only few studies focusing on cyanotoxin occurrence in this region have been published so far, and reports dealing specifically with cyanotoxin contamination in drinking water are extremely scarce. In this study, we report seasonal data on cyanobacteria and microcystin (MC) contamination in drinking water reservoirs and adjacent treatment plants located in Ghana, West Africa. During January-June 2005, concentrations of MCs were monitored in four treatment plants supplying drinking water to major metropolitan areas in Ghana: the treatment plants Barekese and Owabi, which serve Kumasi Metropolitan Area, and the plants Kpong and Weija, providing water for Accra-Tema Metropolitan Area. HPLC analyses showed that 65% samples of raw water at the intake of the treatment plants contained intracellular MCs (maximal detected concentration was 8.73 µg L<sup>-1</sup>), whereas dissolved toxins were detected in 33% of the samples. Significant reduction of cyanobacterial cell counts and MC concentrations was achieved during the entire monitoring period by the applied conventional water treatment methods (alum flocculation, sedimentation, rapid sand filtration and chlorination), and MC concentration in the final treated water never exceeded 1 µg L<sup>-1</sup> (WHO guideline limit for MCs in drinking water). However, cyanobacterial cells (93-3,055 cell mL<sup>-1</sup>) were frequently found in the final treated water and intracellular MCs were detected in 17% of the samples (maximal concentration 0.61 µg L<sup>-1</sup>), while dissolved MCs were present in 14% of the final treated water samples (maximal concentration 0.81 µg L<sup>-1</sup>). It indicates a borderline efficiency of the water treatment, thus MC concentrations in drinking water might exceed the WHO guideline limit if the treatment efficiency gets compromised. In addition, MC concentrations found in the raw water intake might represent significant human health risks for people living in areas with only a limited access to the treated or underground drinking water.</p>

Effect of blending two treated waters on the organoleptic profile of Barcelona's supply

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fabrellas ◽  
R. Devesa ◽  
L. Matia
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Organoleptic Quality ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Flavour Profile ◽  
The City

Barcelona's drinking water has two distinct origins: the Ter and Llobregat rivers supply the city in a ratio of 35/65. The organoleptic quality of the two waters is very different. Treated water from the Llobregat sometimes has organoleptic problems, whereas the quality of treated water from the Ter is much better. The aim of this paper is to study the effects of blending the two types of water and to determine the best blend of the Ter and Llobregat treated waters in terms of flavour and odour, using the A/not A test and the Flavour Profile Analysis. The optimum blend of Ter and Llobregat water is the blend that contains the highest percentage of Llobregat water without any appreciable loss of the characteristics of Ter water.

Use of an enriched inoculum for determination of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) in drinking water

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yapsaklı ◽  
Ferhan Çeçen
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Growth System ◽  
Original Procedure ◽  
Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Original Water

The original BDOC procedure requires the use of indigenous bacteria as a seed. Most of the time in original water samples either bacteria are insufficient in numbers or the diversity is not enough to reflect the biodegradable part of DOC. In this study, instead of using the water sample itself as an inoculum as in the original BDOC test, the bacteria originating from the Ömerli reservoir in İstanbul were acclimated in a suspended growth system to remove readily and slowly biodegradable DOC fractions from the reservoir water. This modified BDOC procedure was first tested on standard acetate solutions and later on raw and ozonated waters of the Ömerli reservoir. Additionally, the results of the modified procedure were compared with the original one by also testing the effectiveness of the indigenous seed from the reservoir. In order to determine the most suitable inoculum amount in the modified BDOC procedure, different seeding ratios like 1:100, 1:250 and 1:500 (v/v) were tested. In both raw water and ozonated waters, higher BDOC readings were achieved at a seeding ratio of 1:100 than the original procedure. The results showed that the modified procedure resulted in more accurate results compared to the original one and that using an acclimated culture can bring an improvement in BDOC measurement.

A diagnostic tool for determining the quality of accuracy validation. Assessing the method for determination of nitrate in drinking water

2006 ◽  
Vol 387 (2) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Escuder-Gilabert ◽  
E. Bonet-Domingo ◽  
M. J. Medina-Hernández ◽  
S. Sagrado
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Accuracy Validation

scholarly journals Trace Elements Analysis in Drinking Water of Meghalaya by Using Graphite Furnace-Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy and in relation to Environmental and Health Issues

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elarina N. Dkhar ◽  
Paul S. Dkhar ◽  
Jasha Momo H. Anal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Trace Elements Analysis

Determination of the certain major and trace elements was carried out in drinking water supply scheme in three districts of Meghalaya. This work aims to identify trends resulting in the deterioration of drinking water which is also a potential source of environmental contaminants. About 50 samples, each from one district, were collected both from the source and various tanks and tap. The elements determined are Li, Na, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Ag, Au, Pb, Cd, Se, Ca, K, and Mg. The pH is slightly lower than neutral pH of 7 while the turbidity is very high even after treatment. The concentrations of Ca and Mg are found to be deficient. The elements Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Mo, and Pb decrease after treatment while Mn, Cu, and Cd increase slightly after treatment. Se concentration is found to be much higher than expected. The results were compared with the standard recommendation values for the quality of drinking water. This study provides a general indication of where water-quality constituent concentrations met or exceeded water-quality standards and the data presented in this report will be useful from public health point of view.

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