Characterization of Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotubes by Atomic Force Microscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy
Here, nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (CNT-N) were synthesized using exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride functionalized with nickel oxides (ex-g-C3N4-NixOy). CNT-N were produced at 900 °C in two steps: (1) ex-g-C3N4-NixOy reduction with hydrogen and (2) ethylene assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The detailed characterization of the produced materials was performed via atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The possible mechanism of nanotubes formation is also proposed.
The growth and morphology of tribofilms, generated from zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) and an ashless dialkyldithiophosphate (DDP) over a wide range of rubbing times (10 seconds to 10 hours) and concentrations (0.1 to 5 wt % ZDDP), have been examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the O, P and S K-edges, and the P, S, and Fe L-edges. The physical aspects of the growth and morphology of the tribofilms will be presented here (Part I) and the chemistry of the films will be discussed in (Part II).
The growth of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon perylene on (110) oriented copper substrates has been studied by means of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, near-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. In the monolayer regime, the molecules are orientated with their molecular plane parallel to the substrate, whereas they adopt a tilted arrangement in multilayer films. For multilayers with thicknesses exceeding 10 nm, the molecules grow in a bulk-like structure with their long axes orientated upright to the substrate surface.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanotubes Derived from g-C3N4