Injection of Carbon Nanoparticles for Lymph Node Detection After Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related death in the world because of its poor prognosis and many related complications. In clinical practice, lymph node metastasis is an important index to evaluate the recurrence and survival rate of patients with rectal cancer, it also the main method to determine the treatment plan of patients with rectal cancer. Nano carbon tracer can guide surgeons to clear regional lymph nodes accurately, improve the number of lymph nodes detected, and then improve the accuracy of pathological staging of rectal cancer. It has an important clinical significance in the removal of lymph nodes of middle and low rectal cancer, and provides an important basis for the development of postoperative adjuvant treatment plan. The purpose of this study is to explore the application value of this method in improving the detection rate of lymph nodes in laparoscopic colorectal cancer. According to the research results, the total number of lymphatic gland, the number of small lymphatic gland, the rate of lymph node metastasis, the number of black stained lymphatic gland and the number of lymphatic gland confirmed by pathology in the two groups were better than those in the traditional surgical treatment, which had better application value in the radical operation of colorectal cancer.

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Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans of Scalp With Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis

Sarcoma ◽

10.1080/13577140410001679257 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 43-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Pawan Lal ◽

Arun Goel ◽

A. K. Mandal

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Regional Lymph Node ◽

Radical Neck Dissection ◽

Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans ◽

Wide Excision ◽

High Rate ◽

Regional Lymph Nodes ◽

Node Metastasis

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon, slow growing and locally aggressive tumor of the skin with a high rate of recurrence even after supposedly wide excision. The reports of regional lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis are very rare. Because of the extreme rarity of these cases with metastasis, the experience with management of such patients is very limited. A case of recurrent DFSP of scalp, with metastasis to the regional lymph nodes, in a 17-year-old boy is reported here. This is the second case of DFSP involving scalp and 16th case of DFSP of all sites metastasizing to the regional lymph nodes reported in literature. The patient was treated with wide excision of the lesion and ipsilateral radical neck dissection (including excision of overlying involved skin).

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In vitro investigation of detectability of colorectal lymph nodes and diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer using B-mode sonography

Journal of Clinical Ultrasound ◽

10.1002/jcu.10210 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tsutomu Tateishi ◽

Junji Machi ◽

Ernest J. Feleppa ◽

Andrew J. Oishi ◽

Nancy L. Furumoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

In Vitro Investigation

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Siglec-15 Is an Immune Suppressor and Potential Target for Immunotherapy in the Pre-Metastatic Lymph Node of Colorectal Cancer

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2021.691937 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Hang Du ◽

Jingling Tang ◽

Xiaoyun Li ◽

Xinjun Wang ◽

Liyun Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Metastatic Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Metastatic Lymph ◽

Colorectal Cancer Patients

Lymph node metastasis indicates a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. To better understand the underlying mechanisms of lymph node metastasis, we analyzed transcriptome characteristics of the pre-metastatic lymph node, a putative microenvironment favorable for the seeding and proliferation of cancer cells. Thus, we tried to compare and elucidate the transcriptional and immune characteristics of sentinel lymph nodes (SNs) with matched non-sentinel lymph nodes (NSNs) in colorectal cancer patients. In this study, a total of 38 pairs of SNs and NSNs were collected, in which 26 pairs of non-metastatic lymph nodes were subjected to RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis for the gene expression profiles. There were 16 differentially expressed genes between SNs and NSNs being identified, including 9 upregulated and 7 downregulated genes in SN. Gene Ontology (GO) classification analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in leukocyte differentiation, chemokine secretion, and immune system regulation. In the meantime, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that immune-related signaling pathways, such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling, were enriched in NSN, while cell proliferation–related signaling pathways were enriched in SN, including MYC signaling and G2M checkpoint signaling. We further identified SIGLEC15 as a top upregulated gene in SN. However, RNAscope assay showed that SIGLEC15 was not largely co-expressed with M2 macrophage marker CD163. We then selected eight pairs of lymph nodes for further cytological studies. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that Siglec-15 was expressed on all myeloid cell subsets. The relative expression of SEGLEC15 (SN/NSN) was correlated with the microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancer patients. Further studies found that small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)-mediated silencing of SLGLEC15 can enhance the anti-tumor function of T cells, as indicated by cytokine release analysis. In conclusion, we presented here a first report on the gene expression profiling of the pre-metastatic lymph node in colorectal cancer. The findings in this study suggest that SIGLEC15 plays an important role in SN immunosuppression. SEGLEC15 silencing could be a therapeutic strategy for restoring T cell function in tumor SNs.

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Report about the clinical meaning of patients with pathologic metastasis of lateral lymph nodes but no metastasis of mesenteric lymph nodes after lateral lymph node dissection in low rectal cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-33839/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Peng Li ◽

Zhichun Zhang ◽

Yuanda Zhou ◽

Qingsheng Zeng ◽

Xipeng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Lymph Node Dissection ◽

Low Rectal Cancer ◽

Node Dissection ◽

Lateral Lymph Node ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Mesenteric Lymph

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical significance of lateral lymph node metastasis with no mesenteric lymph node metastasis after lateral lymph node dissection in middle and low rectal cancer .Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 5 consecutive patients who were pathologically diagnosed with lateral lymph node metastasis, while mesenteric lymph node metastasis was not observed after laparoscopic lateral lymph node dissection underwent for advanced low rectal cancer from July 2017 to August 2019.Results All the 5 patients were successfully completed laparoscopic lateral lymph node dissection, and no cases were transferred to laparotomy.The mean age was 58.80±6.53 years, Two Miles surgeries and three Dixson surgeries were performed.Conclusion We found that some patients had lateral lymph node metastasis, while mesenteric lymph nodes had no metastasis after lateral lymph node dissection.This phenomenon suggests that lateral lymph nodes are one of the important metastasis pathways of low rectal cancer,a new N stage is needed to distinguish it from other types of lymph node metastasis.In addition, LLND is of great significance for the pathological diagnosis of lateral lymph nodes.

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A Study of the Correlation Between M2 Macrophages and Lymph Node Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-136192/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yanping Wang ◽

Jikun Wang ◽

Jinhao Liu ◽

Zuoxiu Shi ◽

Yanlei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Comprehensive Treatment ◽

M2 Macrophage ◽

M2 Macrophages ◽

Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Metastatic Lymph

Abstract Background: Lymph node metastasis is a major prognostic factor of colorectal cancer and an important indicator for individualized treatment. M2 macrophages play a key role in carcinogenesis and tumor development, not only enhancing invasiveness, but also promoting lymph node metastasis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of CD163-positive M2 macrophages on lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer.Methods: Postoperative lymph node tissues were obtained from 120 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent radical surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between December 2019 and May 2020. We detected the expression of the CD163 protein in lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the relationship between M2 macrophages identified by this marker and lymph node metastasis were analyzed using the independent sample T-test and Chi-square test.Results: M2 macrophages were increased not only in metastatic lymph nodes, but also in non-metastatic lymph nodes adjacent to the cancer. The M2 macrophage count was higher in patients with macro-metastases than in those with micro-metastases.Conclusions: M2 macrophages represent an important factor for the promotion of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer, and may be a potential marker for its prediction. This may offer a new target for the comprehensive treatment of colorectal cancer.

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Over-expression of Nav1.6 channels is associated with lymph node metastases in colorectal cancer

World Journal of Surgical Oncology ◽

10.1186/s12957-019-1715-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shuiquan Lin ◽

Yangbo Lv ◽

Jianguang Xu ◽

Xinglong Mao ◽

Zhenhong Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Chemokine Receptors ◽

Tumor Development ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Key Factor ◽

Nav Channels ◽

The One

Abstract Background and objectives Lymph node metastasis is a key factor in predicting and determining the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Sodium channels are highly expressed in a variety of tumors and are closely related to tumor development, metastasis, and invasion. We investigated the relationship between the expressions of different subtypes of Nav channels and lymph node metastasis of CRC. Methods Real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was carried out to measure the expressions of different sodium channel subtypes, chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR4, CCR7), and lymphocyte infiltration-related biomarkers (CD3e, CD8a, IL-2RA) in CRC tissues from 97 patients. The expressions of Nav1.5 and Nav1.6 in surgically isolated lymph nodes were detected by immunohistochemistry. Correlation analysis between expressions of different genes and lymph node metastasis was performed by two-tailed t test. Results Nav1.1 and Nav1.6 were highly expressed in CRC tissues and positively correlated with CRC lymph node metastasis. Nav1.6 was also highly expressed in metastatic lymph nodes. Further analysis showed that the high expression of Nav1.6 was closely related to the one of CCR2\CCR4 in tumor lymph node metastasis. Conclusions These results suggested that Nav1.6 might be a novel marker for CRC lymph node metastasis.

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A Case of Marked Response to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer With Para-Aortic Lymph Node Metastasis

International Surgery ◽

10.9738/1389.1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 96 (2) ◽

pp. 139-143

Author(s):

Atsushi Horiuchi ◽

Keiji Matsuda ◽

Takuya Akahane ◽

Ryu Shimada ◽

Hajime Shibuya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽

Axillary Lymph ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Aortic Lymph Node

Abstract A 67-year-old man had rectal cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis. Prior to surgical resection, tegafur-uracil and leucovorin had been administered orally as chemotherapy, and radiotherapy (50.4 Gy) was applied for the rectum and para-aortic lymph nodes. Low anterior resection was then performed, followed by 45 cycles of chemotherapy in total. Enlargement of the left axillary lymph nodes was noted during treatment, but nodes shrank in response to treatment with bevacizumab + FOLFIRI (i.e., irinotecan + 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin). As of the time of writing, 36 months after diagnosis, no swelling of the para-aortic lymph nodes was evident and chemotherapy was being continued. This patient was alive after achieving response to neoadjuvant therapy comprising chemotherapy and irradiation of the para-aortic lymph nodes, along with postoperative chemotherapy. This therapeutic approach of preoperative chemotherapy plus irradiation of the primary lesion and para-aortic lymph nodes has potential as an effective treatment.

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Loss of ASXL1 protein is associated with lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer

10.21203/rs.2.14131/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jun Ho Lee ◽

Ju-Hee Lee ◽

Byung Kyu Ahn ◽

Seung Sam Paik ◽

Hyunsung Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Prognostic Impact ◽

Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Metastatic Lymph

Abstract Background The function of ASXL1 protein in colorectal cancer has not been investigated yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic impact of ASXL1 protein expression on colorectal cancer.Methods We performed immunohistochemical staining of ASXL1 protein using tissue microarrays of 408 colorectal cancers, 46 normal colonic mucosae, 48 adenomas, and 92 metastatic lymph nodes. The intensity of expression was scored as 0–3, and the extent of staining was scored as 0–4, based on the percentage of positive cells. The immunoreactivity score (IRS) was calculated by multiplying the two scores.Results ASXL1 protein expression rates were 89.1% in normal mucosae, 72.9% in tubular adenomas, 44.4% in adenocarcinomas, and 28.3% in metastatic lymph nodes ( p < 0.001). With respect to the IRS cut-off score, the mean tumor size was smaller in the IRS 0–6 group than in the IRS 8–12 group (4.9 ± 2.1 vs. 6.3 ± 2.7 cm, p = 0.002). Lymph node metastasis was more frequent in the IRS 0–6 group than in the IRS 8–12 group (56.3% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.034). Lymphatic invasion was more frequent in the 0–6 group than in the IRS 8–12 group (56.0% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.035). The 5-year disease-free survival rate did not differ between two groups at stage II and stage III.Conclusions ASXL1 protein might act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer. The loss of ASXL1 expression might be associated with metastasis via the lymphatic system to the lymph nodes.

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Effective dissection for rectal cancer with lateral lymph node metastasis based on prognostic factors and recurrence type

International Journal of Colorectal Disease ◽

10.1007/s00384-021-03870-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hajime Morohashi ◽

Yoshiyuki Sakamoto ◽

Takuya Miura ◽

Daichi Ichinohe ◽

Kotaro Umemura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Prognostic Factors ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Lateral Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lateral Lymph Node ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Internal Iliac

Abstract Purpose There are no reports showing the significance and effective range of dissection for patients with lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM). This study aimed to investigate the indications for lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) in patients with LLNM based on prognostic factors and recurrence types. Methods We reviewed 379 patients with advanced rectal cancer who were treated with total mesorectal excision plus LLND. We analyzed background factors and survival times of patients who had LLNM to determine prognostic factors and recurrence types. Results Pathological LLNM occurred in 44 (11.6%). Among patients with LLNM, the predictors of poor prognoses, according to univariate analysis, were > 3 node metastases, the presence of node metastasis on both sides, and spreading beyond the internal iliac lymph nodes. Moreover, LLNM beyond the internal iliac region was found to be an independent prognostic risk factor. Twenty-eight of the 44 patients with lateral lymph node metastasis (64%) relapsed, 22 of whom had distant metastases and 11 of whom experienced local recurrences. Among the latter group, nine (20%) and two (5%) had recurrences in the central and lateral pelvis, respectively. Conclusion The therapeutic benefit of resection was high, especially in patients with ≤ 3 positive lateral lymph nodes, one-sided bilateral lymph node areas, and positive nodes localized near the internal iliac artery.

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The Lymph Node Metastasis Histology in Colorectal Cancer -The Clinical Implication of Tubular-Type Carcinoma in Lymph Nodes -

10.21203/rs.3.rs-941863/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shozo Yokoyama ◽

Takashi Watanabe ◽

Yoichi Fujita ◽

Shuichi Matsumura ◽

Katsuya Ueda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Complete Response ◽

Survival Times ◽

Independent Predictive Factor ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Tubular Type ◽

Node Positive

Abstract Cribriform carcinoma in lymph nodes (LNs) is associated with distant metastasis, recurrence, and survival in node-positive colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, the clinical significance of lymph node metastasis histology remains to investigate. A total of 318 consecutive CRC patients who underwent a colectomy or anterior resection between January 2011 and June 2016 were enrolled, of whom 119 (37.4 %) had LN metastasis (LNM). Based on the LNM histology, patients with LNM were categorized into four groups: the group with tubular-type in all LNs (tub), with cribriform in at least one LN (cri), with mucinous-type in all LNs (muc), and with poorly differentiated-type carcinoma in at least one LN (por). We investigated the association among these histological types with the survival of these patients. The prognosis was good in order of muc, tub, cri, and por in node-positive CRC patients. Stage II and stage III tub groups did not have significantly different over-all survival times, but not recurrence-free survival times. Multivariate analyses revealed that all tubular-type carcinoma in LNs was independent predictive factor for longer survival times, clinical complete response and possible metastasectomy Diagnosis of lymph node metastatic histology is an important factor for patient stratification in node-positive CRC.

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