Flexible Liquid Sensor Based on Rubber/Graphite Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
Mohammad Khabiri ◽  
Milad Saadat Tagharoodi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Pourhossainy ◽  
Mashhood Abbasi ◽  
Mohamoud Razavizade
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Hydrocarbon Fuel ◽  
Electrical Insulation ◽  
Polymer Swelling ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Conductive Composite ◽  
Graphite Particles ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Rubber Composite ◽  
Conductive Fillers

Hydrocarbon liquids such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and solvents are hazardous materials derived from petroleum. These materials can diffuse the rubber network structures and cause swelling in these polymers. Rubber materials containing conductive fillers exhibit a high conductivity at the higher percolation threshold. As direct effect of solvent on the polymer, swelling in the rubber composite alters the structure of the filler network and subsequently the composite properties change significantly. This Process can be considered as a signal for solvent or hydrocarbon fuel detector system and used conductive rubber composite as a flexible sensor. In this study, the nitrile/graphite composite samples were prepared containing different amounts of graphite particles. These samples have the ability to measure electrical resistance. The electrical resistance of rubber/graphite samples decreases with increasing content of graphite particles. The increase in the electrical resistance of the specimens was measured by using conductive composite swelling in toluene solvent and it was observed that all specimens eventually became electrical insulation. Samples with concentrations of 60, 70, and 80 phr are conductive after recovery and solvent removal. While their conductivity is less than that of the virgin samples. The incremental trend of electrical resistance against the conductive composite swelling was measured in toluene solvent and it was observed that all samples were eventually converted to electrical insulation. But there is little difference between the third swelling process and the second one. This phenomenon has occurred for all three samples, which reveals a good similarity with the Mullins effect.

scholarly journals Visualizing Polymer Damage Using Hyperspectral Imaging

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2071
Author(s):  
Monika Bleszynski ◽  
Shaun Mann ◽  
Maciej Kumosa
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Hyperspectral Imaging ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Electrical Insulation ◽  
Spectral Signature ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Industrial Materials ◽  
Ceramic Insulators ◽  
Silicone Rubbers

Silicone rubbers (SIRs) are common industrial materials which are often used for electrical insulation including weather sheds on non-ceramic insulators (NCIs). While SIRs are typically resilient to outside environments, aging can damage SIRs’ favorable properties such as hydrophobicity and electrical resistance. Detecting SIR aging and damage, however, can be difficult, especially in service. In this study we used hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and previously investigated aging methods as a proof of concept to show how HSI may be used to detect various types of aging damage in different SIR materials. The spectral signature changes in four different SIRs subjected to four different in-service aging environments all occurred between 400––650 nm. Therefore, remote sensing of NCIs using HSI could concentrate on bands below 700 nm to successfully detect in service SIR damage.

THE TRIBOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Al-Si/GRAPHITE COMPOSITE

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Mariusz WALCZAK ◽  
Maciej ZWIERZCHOWSKI ◽  
Jarosław BIENIAŚ ◽  
Jacek CABAN
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Aluminium Composite ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Graphite Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Cylinder Liners ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Ball On Disc

The paper presents the results of tribological research on AlSi12CuNiMg/5.7 wt.% Gr aluminium composite material (containing graphite particles in the amount of 5.7% wt.%) and on its matrix. This composite is used as high-tech construction material in the automotive industry, particularly for pistons, cylinder liners, and slide bearings. The tribological properties of these materials can be significantly changed as a result of the introduction of graphite particles. Therefore, wear tests have been carried out using the ball-on-disc tribometer. Microstructure and wear resistance of the matrix and composite alloy have been subjected to comparative analysis. It was demonstrated that the composite reinforced with graphite is characterized by a lower friction coefficient and lower wear in comparison to the matrix.

Wettability in Aluminium-Graphite Particles Composites (Review)

2017 ◽  
Vol 1143 ◽  
pp. 64-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazim Faleh ◽  
Muna Noori ◽  
Florin Ştefănescu ◽  
Gigel Neagu ◽  
Eduard Marius Stefan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Surface Formation ◽  
Graphite Particles ◽  
Active Elements ◽  
Reinforcement Material ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Oxide Skin

The paper presents some aspects regarding the wetting conditions in aluminium – graphite composite. The wettability depends on several factors like the presence of the oxide skin at the melt surface, formation Al4C3 at the interface between Al and particles, temperature, pressure etc. In this paper, the conditions of perfect wettability of carbon by molten Al achieved under MCl–K2TiF6 molten salts (fluxes), alloying of the melt with surface active elements, heat treatment of reinforcement material and coating of the particles with a metallic thin layer.

A Novel Oriented CNT fiber/PDMS Elastic Conductive Composite with Reversible Two-stage Conductivity

NANO ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 2150062
Author(s):  
Yilian Xiong ◽  
Ruiqi Ma ◽  
Min Jiang ◽  
Wenxin Lin ◽  
Hongliang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Conductive Composite ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Fiber ◽  
Stretchable Conductors ◽  
Cnt Fiber ◽  
Conductive Properties ◽  
Catalyst Chemical Vapor Deposition

In recent years, intensive researches have been stimulated to explore the promising prospect for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in the fabrication of novel polymer sensor composites. In this study, the fabrication and properties of a flexible and stretchable composite elastomer fabricated from direct-spun carbon nanotube fiber (yarns) were presented, and the novel CNT fiber/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastic conductive composite shows the reversible two-stage conductivity owing to its unique structure of CNTs fabricated by the floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD). As the strain increased from 0% to 10% (Stage I), stretching the oriented CNT fiber/PDMS elastic conductive composite induces a constant decrease in the conductive pathways and contact areas between CNTs depending on the stretching distance. However, this composite elastomer will retain almost stable electrical resistance while being stretched by over 10% (Stage II). Furthermore, the composite shows very little variation in resistance under 187 stretching–releasing cycles up to a pre-strain level of 6%, indicating the outstanding stability and repeatability in performance as stretchable conductors. The microstructure, reversible two-stage conductive properties and mechanism were also discussed.

scholarly journals Production of Flaky Graphite Particles by the Exfoliation Method and their Application to Electrical Conductive Composite Films

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 684-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Hirabayashi ◽  
Tomoe Nishino ◽  
Yasunori Fujiwara ◽  
Toshiyuki Fujimoto ◽  
Yoshikazu Kuga
Keyword(s):  
Composite Films ◽  
Conductive Composite ◽  
Graphite Particles

Electrochemical Characteristics of Nano-Silicon/Graphite Composite for the Anode Material of Lithium Secondary Batteries

2006 ◽  
Vol 510-511 ◽  
pp. 1074-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joong Kee Lee ◽  
Tae Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Lithium Secondary Batteries ◽  
Graphite Particles ◽  
Silicon Carbon ◽  
Spray Method

Silicon coated graphite particles prepared by gas suspension spray method were used as a raw material for the battery anode, which showed high specific capacity and good cycle performance. The improvement of electrochemical performance seems to be due to the formation of amorphous silicon-carbon black composite layer on the surface of the graphite particles. It has a stable structure under repeated volume expansion and contraction.

Performance of Tin Oxide/Graphite Composite Anode for Lithium Ion Battery

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 1051-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Jie Jin ◽  
Sei Min Park ◽  
Ik Pyo Hong ◽  
Seong Young Lee ◽  
Myung Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Charge Voltage ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Graphite Particles ◽  
Capacity Curves

The graphite particles with average size of 15 μm were used as the anode base materials for lithium ion battery. Tin oxide was incorporated into graphite particles by a precipitation method. As SnO2 content increased from 0 to 80 wt%, the initial discharge capacities of SnO2/graphite composite electrodes raised from 357 to 688 mAh/g, approaching to their theoretical capacities. The composite electrodes exhibited plateau characteristics of SnO2 at 0.85 1 V range in the charge voltage-capacity curves of the first cycle. Increased reversible capacity of the composites suggested that lithium ion could be stored in the both lattices of tin and graphite. It was demonstrated by XRD that the tin metal decomposed from tin oxide in the first cycle of charge played a leading role of charge/discharge thereafter.

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