scholarly journals Roles of ENSO and PDO in the Link of the East Asian Winter Monsoon to the following Summer Monsoon

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 622-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Chen ◽  
Juan Feng ◽  
Renguang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Tropical Indian Ocean ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon Variability

Abstract The present study investigates the roles of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) in the relationship between the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) and the following East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). The variability of the EAWM is divided into an ENSO-related part named EAWMEN and an ENSO-unrelated part named EAWMres. Corresponding to a weak EAWMEN, an anomalous low-level anticyclone forms over the western North Pacific (WNP) and persists from winter to the following summer. This anticyclone enhances southerlies over the coast of East Asia in summer. Hence, a weak EAWMEN tends to be followed by a strong EASM and vice versa. As such, a link is established between the EAWMEN and the EASM. The persistence of this WNP anticyclone may be mainly attributed to the sea surface temperature anomalies associated with the ENSO-related EAWM part in the tropical Indian Ocean and the extratropical North Pacific. In contrast, corresponding to a weak EAWMres, the anomalous WNP anticyclone is only seen in winter, and there is no obvious relationship between the EAWMres and the following EASM. Therefore, the observed EAWM–EASM relationship is dominated by the winter monsoon variability associated with ENSO. It is found that the EAWMEN–EASM relationship is modulated by the PDO. There tends to be a much stronger EASM after a weak EAWMEN during the positive PDO phases than during the negative PDO phases.

scholarly journals The East Asian winter monsoon variability in response to precession and inter-hemispheric heat balance

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 4229-4261
Author(s):  
M. Yamamoto ◽  
H. Sai ◽  
M.-T. Chen ◽  
M. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Monsoon Variability ◽  
Winter Insolation

Abstract. The response of Asian monsoon variability to orbital forcing is still unclear, and all hypotheses are controversial. We present a record of the sea surface temperature difference (ΔSST) between the South China Sea and the other Western Pacific Warm Pool regions as a proxy for the intensity of the Asian winter monsoon, because the winter cooling of the South China Sea is caused by the cooling of surface water at the northern margin and the southward advection of cooled water due to winter monsoon winds. The ΔSST showed significant precession cycles during the last 150 kyr. In the precession cycle, the maximum winter monsoon intensity shown by the ΔSST corresponded to the May perihelion and was delayed behind the maximum ice volume. The East Asian winter monsoon was anti-phase with the Indian summer monsoon and the summer monsoon precipitation in central Japan. The timing of the maximum phase of the East Asian winter monsoon was different from previous results in terms of the March perihelion (ice volume maxima) and June perihelion (minimum of Northern Hemisphere winter insolation). We infer that the variation of the East Asian winter monsoon was caused by a physical mechanism of inter-hemispheric heat balance. The East Asian winter monsoon was intensified by the Northern Hemisphere cooling, which was caused by the combined effect of cooling by the ice volume forcing and the decrease in winter insolation, or by decreased heat transfer from the Southern Hemisphere to the Northern Hemisphere owing to the weak Indian summer monsoon at the May perihelion.

scholarly journals Sedimentary Dynamics of the Central South Yellow Sea Revealing the Relation Between East Asian Summer and Winter Monsoon Over the Past 6000 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhe Lyu ◽  
Tengfei Fu ◽  
Zhangxi Hu ◽  
Ying Zhong Tang ◽  
Guangquan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
East Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Asian Summer ◽  
Sedimentary Dynamics ◽  
The Relationship

The mud areas of East Asian marginal seas record considerable information about regional environmental evolution. However, debate continues regarding the relative importance of the major factors in regional sedimentary dynamics, i.e., the East Asian summer monsoon, East Asian winter monsoon, and oceanic circulation. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of grain size from a gravity core obtained in the South Yellow Sea to reveal changes in sedimentary dynamics since 6,000 years BP, and to elucidate the relationship between the East Asian summer monsoon and the East Asian winter monsoon. We found that the mean grain size was in the range of 6.9–7.8 Φ, the sediment was poorly sorted within a small range (1.2, 1.5), and the M values from 4.7 to 6.7 μm and most of the C values from 24 to 65 μm suggested pelagic suspension transport. Results indicated that the intensity of both the East Asian summer monsoon and the East Asian winter monsoon showed a fluctuating trend of decrease after approximately 6,000 years BP, and that the relationship between them was generally anticorrelated. Based on these results, we suggest that positive correlation between the East Asian summer monsoon and the East Asian winter monsoon usually results in the fall or establishment of ancient dynasties in the Central Plains of China and that negative correlation between them is controlled by strong solar radiation. Weakening of solar radiation diminishes its control of the intensity of (and thus the correlation between) the East Asian summer monsoon and the East Asian winter monsoon, at which time the North Atlantic Oscillation plays a modulating role.

scholarly journals An Intensity Index for the East Asian Winter Monsoon

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 2361-2374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Wen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
East Asia ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Tropical Indian Ocean ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
The North

Abstract The thermal contrast between the Asian continent and the adjacent oceans is the primary aspect of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) that can be well represented in the sea level pressure (SLP) field. Based on this consideration, a new SLP-based index measuring the intensity of the EAWM is proposed by explicitly taking into account both the east–west and the north–south pressure gradients around East Asia. The new index can delineate the EAWM-related circulation anomalies well, including the deepened (shallow) midtropospheric East Asian trough, sharpened and accelerated (widened and decelerated) upper-tropospheric East Asian jet stream, and enhanced (weakened) lower-tropospheric northerly winds in strong (weak) EAWM winters. Compared with previous indices, the new index has a very good performance describing the winter-mean surface air temperature variations over East Asia, especially for the extreme warm or cold winters. The index is strongly correlated with several atmospheric teleconnections including the Arctic Oscillation, the Eurasian pattern, and the North Pacific Oscillation/western Pacific pattern, implying the possible internal dynamics of the EAWM variability. Meanwhile, the index is significantly linked to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the sea surface temperature (SST) over the tropical Indian Ocean. Moreover, the SST anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean are more closely related to the index than ENSO as an independent predictor. This adds further knowledge to the prediction potentials of the EAWM apart from ENSO. The predictability of the index is high in the hindcasts of the Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM) model from Development of a European Multimodel Ensemble System for Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction (DEMETER). Hence, it would be a good choice to use this index for the monitoring, prediction, and research of the EAWM.

scholarly journals Influence of the East Asian Winter Monsoon Variability on the Surface Cyclogenesis over the East China Sea in Late Winter

SOLA ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minako Shiota ◽  
Ryuichi Kawamura ◽  
Hiroaki Hatsushika ◽  
Satoshi Iizuka
Keyword(s):  
East China Sea ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
East China ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
Monsoon Variability

scholarly journals The East Asian winter monsoon variability in response to precession during the past 150 000 yr

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2777-2788 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Yamamoto ◽  
H. Sai ◽  
M.-T. Chen ◽  
M. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
East Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Winter Monsoon ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Asian Winter Monsoon ◽  
The Past ◽  
Monsoon Variability

Abstract. The response of the East Asian winter monsoon variability to orbital forcing is still unclear, and hypotheses are controversial. We present a 150 000 yr record of sea surface temperature difference (ΔSST) between the South China Sea and other Western Pacific Warm Pool regions as a proxy for the intensity of the Asian winter monsoon, because the winter cooling of the South China Sea is caused by the cooling of surface water at the northern margin and the southward advection of cooled water due to winter monsoon winds. The ΔSST showed dominant precession cycles during the past 150 000 yr. The ΔSST varies at precessional band and supports the hypothesis that monsoon is regulated by insolation changes at low-latitudes (Kutzbach, 1981), but contradicts previous suggestions based on marine and loess records that eccentricity controls variability on glacial–interglacial timescales. Maximum winter monsoon intensity corresponds to the May perihelion at precessional band, which is not fully consistent with the Kutzbach model of maximum winter monsoon at the June perihelion. Variation in the East Asian winter monsoon was anti-phased with the Indian summer monsoon, suggesting a linkage of dynamics between these two monsoon systems on an orbital timescale.

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