Partisan Identity and Affective Polarization in Presidential Debates

2021 ◽  
pp. 000276422110465
Author(s):  
Jihye Park ◽  
Benjamin R. Warner ◽  
Mitchell S. McKinney ◽  
Cassandra Kearney ◽  
Michael W. Kearney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Other ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Contextual Variables ◽  
Presidential Debates ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Partisan Identity ◽  
Empirical Record ◽  
Quasi Experiment

This study presents the results of a quasi-experiment to assess the effects of viewing the live televised general election presidential and vice-presidential campaign debates. We contribute to a growing empirical record on the polarizing effects of campaign debates by testing some contextual variables that have confounded past researchers. Specifically, we use Trump’s aggressive first debate performance as a test-case of polarizing content and compare it with Trump’s second debate performance along with the other 2020 debates. We also test whether, as some have hypothesized, vice-presidential debates are more polarizing. Finally, we consider Biden—a candidate who has been polarizing and depolarizing in his vice-presidential debates, as a candidate-specific source of uncertainty in existing findings. We find further evidence that campaign debates increase ingroup affection—or the extent to which co-partisans reward the ingroup candidate. Conversely, outgroup hostility did not increase even after Trump’s first debate. We conclude that debates may contribute to polarization, but only through ingroup affection, not outgroup animosity.

Morrison's Beloved and its Two "Amadas": Postcolonial Signifying upon Translation within African-American Intertextualities

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Endoença Martins
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Black Nationalism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
Specific Concern

This article compares two different Brazilian translated versions of Toni Morrison's novel Beloved: the first published in 1994, the other in 2007, both as Amada. The analysis concentrates on the speech delivered by Baby Suggs, in which she exhorts her listeners to care for their bodies. The main idea behind this article is that Beloved and the Amadas converse or talk, thus performing signifyin(g), a concept which, in Henry Louis Gates's words, explains how intertextual conversation happens through “repetition and revision, or repetition with a signal of difference” (xxiv). Its general theoretical foundations include interconnections involving several instantiations of signifyin(g): between Black nationalism and negritude, postcolonialism and African Americanism. In its specific concern with translation, the conversation that the source keeps with the target texts involves two translation theories: fluency and resistance; two kinds of translating interventions: omission and addition; and three types of strategies: syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic. These distinct categories help readers grasp translation as a continuum by means of which a specific source text encounters its target equivalents and, then, returns to its origin. The original article is in English.

PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PEMILU AKIBAT PENGGELEMBUNGAN SUARA DI KABUPATEN TAPIN

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gusti Muhammad Ihsan Perdana
Keyword(s):  
Time Trial ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Other ◽  
District Court ◽  
Criminal Trials ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Criminal Charge ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Legislative Election

 Legislative election in distric Tapin was spotted with a vote, conducted by members of the Commission, M. Zainnoor Wal Aidi Rahmad win a legislative candidate from the Golkar Party, namely Bambang Herry Purnama the 2014-2019. Elections Honorary Council for General Election Organizer of the Republic of Indonesia as No. 15 / DKPP-PKE-III / 2014 has imposed sanctions on Zainnoor Wal Aidi M. Rahmad form of dismissal remain as a member of the Tapin district Elections Commission since the verdict was read. Rantau’s District Court in its decision No. 135 / Pid-Sus /2014/PN.Rta, Bringing the sanctions in the form of imprisonment for 10 months with the criminal provisions do not need to be run in the future unless is another command in the verdict that convicted before time trial during the 12 (twelve months) ends have been guilty of a criminal offense and a fine of Rp. 10,000,000.00 (ten million). Dismissal sanctions remain to perpetrators as member of the district KPU Tapin have sense of fairness, but the connection with the criminal charge of criminal trials less reflectjustice for his actions that allow offenders not sentenced to imprisonment and the other party can not do the same.Keywords: Elections Tapin distric, Inflation Voice, Sanctions

A Tactical Error in the Analysis of Tactical Voting: A Response to Niemi, Whitten and Franklin

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Evans ◽  
Anthony Heath
Keyword(s):  
Aggregate Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Other ◽  
Valid Measure ◽  
Major Party

In their article ‘Constituency Characteristics, Individual Characteristics and Tactical Voting in the 1987 British General Election’, Niemi, Whitten and Franklin claim that in the 1987 general election ‘about one in every six voters … had tactical considerations in mind in deciding whom to vote for’. As they point out, this figure is far higher than Heath et al.'s estimate of 6.5 per cent of major party voters having ‘a tactical motivation for their vote’. It is also far higher than estimates obtained by other analyses of the 1987 election using aggregate data. In this Note we point to methodological weaknesses in Niemi, Whitten and Franklin's article which indicate that their estimate is unlikely to be a valid measure of tactical voting, at least of the concept as customarily understood by political scientists. Indeed, when looked at carefully, the evidence they present to support their expanded estimate of tactical voting serves only to re-affirm the original claims of Heath and his colleagues and the other conservative estimates of the prevalence of tactical voting.

Unlikely (but Perfect) Partners in the Fight for the Green Energy and Fair Trade Economy

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-223
Author(s):  
Fred Redmond
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fair Trade ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Sierra Club ◽  
Recovery Plan ◽  
A Priority

A priority for the United Steelworkers the last several years has been its work with the Sierra Club as part of the Blue Green Alliance. By working with our unconventional allies, we impacted the most important general election in any of our lifetimes. Now, smart investments in renewable energy and fuel-efficient cars are cornerstones of the Obama administration's economic recovery plan. The other priority issue when we began the Blue Green Alliance was fair trade. It still is a priority.

The 150-Hour Requirement and Changes in the Supply of Accounting Undergraduates: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff P. Boone ◽  
Teddy L. Coe
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Certified Public Accountants ◽  
American Institute ◽  
Student Counseling ◽  
Public Accountants ◽  
Accounting Graduates ◽  
Quasi Experiment

The number of accounting graduates has declined sharply following the near universal adoption of the 150-hour requirement for licensing and as a condition for membership in the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). This decline has led many observers to conclude that the 150-hour requirement was a mistake. Our study investigates the extent to which the 150-hour requirement (rather than other causes) is responsible for the decline in the number of accounting graduates during the 1990s. We document that approximately 38 percent of the decline can be attributed to the requirement. The other 62 percent of the decline remains unexplained. Our study underscores the importance of considering other factors such as noncompetitive compensation, unattractive working conditions, inappropriate student counseling, and inadequate curriculum among others when trying to understand the decline in accounting enrollments.

Does Perceiving Discrimination Influence Partisanship among U.S. Immigrant Minorities? Evidence from Five Experiments

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Hopkins ◽  
Cheryl R. Kaiser ◽  
Efrén O. Pérez ◽  
Sara Hagá ◽  
Corin Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Political Incorporation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Causal Influence ◽  
Partisan Identity

AbstractPerceived discrimination (PD) is reliably and strongly associated with partisan identity (PID) among US immigrant minorities such as Latinos and Asian Americans. Yet whether PD causes PID remains unclear, since it is possible that partisanship influences perceptions of discrimination or that other factors drive the observed association. Here, we assess the causal influence of group-level PD on PID using five experiments with Latino and Asian American adults. These experiments varied in important ways: they took place inside and outside the lab, occurred prior to and during Donald Trump’s presidential campaign, and tested different manifestations of PD and partisan attitudes (total n = 2,528). These efforts point to a simple but unexpected conclusion: our experiments and operationalizations do not support the claim that group-targeted PD directly causes PID. These results have important implications for understanding partisanship among immigrants and their co-ethnics and the political incorporation of Latinos and Asian Americans.

When Playing the Woman Card is Playing Trump: Assessing the Efficacy of Framing Campaigns as Historic

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (04) ◽  
pp. 736-742
Author(s):  
Leslie Caughell
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Political ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Female Candidates

ABSTRACTCandidate gender has become a major theme in the 2016 presidential campaign. Secretary Clinton appears to be emphasizing her gender to a greater degree than she did in 2008, even invoking gender in primary debates as something that separates her from the political establishment. Her opponent in the general election, Donald Trump, claimed that Clinton was playing the “woman card” and that Clinton has little to offer as a candidate beyond her sex. However, scholars have little sense of the effectiveness of playing the woman card by emphasizing the historic first associated with a candidacy, a strategy with inherent risks. This project examines the effect of playing the woman card by emphasizing the historic nature of a female executive candidate, and demonstrates that playing the woman card may actually benefit female candidates among certain subsets of voters. Playing the gender card appeals to voters traditionally underrepresented in politics and to weak Democrats and independents. These findings suggest that playing the gender card may benefit female candidates, especially Democrats, in elections.

scholarly journals A Multivariate Study of T/V Forms in European Languages Based on a Parallel Corpus of Film Subtitles

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Levshina
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conditional Inference ◽  
Contextual Variables ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Parallel Corpus ◽  
Contextual Features ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Multivariate Study ◽  
Conditional Inference Trees

The present study investigates the cross-linguistic differences in the use of so-called T/V forms (e.g. French tu and vous, German du and Sie, Russian ty and vy) in ten European languages from different language families and genera. These constraints represent an elusive object of investigation because they depend on a large number of subtle contextual features and social distinctions, which should be cross-linguistically matched. Film subtitles in different languages offer a convenient solution because the situations of communication between film characters can serve as comparative concepts. I selected more than two hundred contexts that contain the pronouns you and yourself in the original English versions, which are then coded for fifteen contextual variables that describe the Speaker and the Hearer, their relationships and different situational properties. The creators of subtitles in the other languages have to choose between T and V when translating from English, where the T/V distinction is not expressed grammatically. On the basis of these situations translated in ten languages, I perform multivariate analyses using the method of conditional inference trees in order to identify the most relevant contextual variables that constrain the T/V variation in each language.

Strategies for the reinterpretation of normative texts within the Hebrew Bible

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard M. Levinson
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Constitutional Theory ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Original Intent ◽  
Ten Commandments ◽  
Legal Innovation ◽  
Normative Statement ◽  
The One ◽  
Individual Accountability

Abstract Contemporary constitutional theory remains divided between competing approaches to the interpretation of normative texts: between originalism or original intent, on the one hand, and living constitution approaches, on the other. The purpose of this article is to complicate that problematic dichotomy by showing how cultures having a tradition of prestigious or authoritative texts addressed the problem of literary and legal innovation in antiquity. The study begins with cuneiform law from Mesopotamia and the Hittite Empire, and then shows how ancient Israel’s development of the idea of divine revelation of law creates a cluster of constraints that would be expected to impede legal revision or amendment. The well-known Decalogue, or Ten Commandments, provides a valuable test-case, with its normative statement that God punishes sinners across generations (vicariously extending the punishment due them to three or four generations of their progeny). A series of inner-biblical and post-biblical responses to that rule demonstrates, however, that later writers were able to criticize, challenge, reject, and replace it with the alternative notion of individual accountability. The article will provide a series of close readings of the texts involved, drawing attention to their legal language and hermeneutical strategies. The conclusions stress the remarkable freedom to modify ostensibly normative statements available to ancient judicial interpreters, despite the expected constraints of a formative religious canon attributed to divine revelation.

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