Social Status in an Open-Source Community

2005 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 823-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Cues ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
Status Mobility ◽  
The Status

Despite a fair amount of conjecture regarding the circumstances that lead to the generation of status orders, most of the previous literature in this area typically has studied the effects of social cues within a laboratory setting. This article analyzes the evolution of the status hierarchy within a large-scale, natural setting. The results of empirical analyses assessing a large online community of software developers show that in the process of status attainment, community members tend to evaluate a focal actor's reputation according to publicly available social references. Ironically, these same social references also work to constrain an actor's status mobility.

An Investigation of the Productivity Difference in Mechanical Embodiment Design Between Face-to-Face and Threaded Online Collaboration

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Mark J. Jakiela
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Content Creation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Embodiment Design ◽  
The Face

The threaded online, also known as “forum,” collaboration method is widely used by open source software projects. As open source and Crowdsourcing [3] design approaches gain attention, there is a need to explore whether the threaded online method would compete with the more traditional method, face to face, in mechanical engineering design in terms of productivity. Our experiment shows that with a suitably sized challenge, the threaded online method does generate about equal productivity as the face-to-face method. However, the participation rates are lower in the threaded online method and the participants’ satisfaction with the experience was also less. This suggests that additional communication mechanisms are needed to facilitate the threaded online method, and management mechanisms should be imposed. We also identified two phenomena that warrant further investigation. The first is what we call “inertia loafing.” Enthusiasm among online community members is fragile. A small drop in satisfaction level can cause many to become unwilling to participate. The second is that an online community tends to have two kinds of members: “players” who are responsible for most content creation; and “cheer leaders” who provide feedback or provide an assisting function.

Localization of information on communication networks of an open-source online community

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (07) ◽  
pp. 1750091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianmei Yang ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Hao Liao ◽  
Zheng He ◽  
Huijie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Communication Ability ◽  
Properties Of Information ◽  
Data Collections

In order to study the information communication ability (i.e. information conductivity) of CodePlex C# community, an Open-Source Online Community (OSOC), we first construct the models of weighted communication networks in 11 periods for the community based on large-scale data collections. Then by using two ways of quantum mapping of complex networks, we analyze the localization properties of information on the maximum connected graphs (named as communication networks) of these weighted networks according to the idea of analyzing the localization properties of an electron on a large cluster. We draw the following conclusions. (1) CodePlex C# OSOC usually has information isolativity. (2) The community has some degree of information communication ability and the ability increases as time goes on. (3) The localization of information on the communication networks in any period induced by its structure is weaker than that induced by its structure together with the connection intensities between its nodes. (4) Our idea and methods can be used to analyze the information communication ability of other online communities.

scholarly journals A study of quality prediction for large-scale open source software projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Shinji Akatsu ◽  
Ayako Masuda ◽  
Tsuyoshi Shida ◽  
Kazuhiko Tsuda
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Quality Prediction ◽  
Software Projects ◽  
Resolution Rate ◽  
The Status

Open source software (OSS) has seen remarkable progress in recent years. Moreover, OSS usage in corporate information systems has been increasing steadily; consequently, the overall impact of OSS on the society is increasing as well. While product quality of enterprise software is assured by the provider, the deliverables of an OSS are developed by the OSS developer community; therefore, their quality is not guaranteed. Thus, the objective of this study is to build an artificial-intelligence-based quality prediction model that corporate businesses could use for decision-making to determine whether a desired OSS should be adopted. We define the quality of an OSS as “the resolution rate of issues processed by OSS developers as well as the promptness and continuity of doing so.” We selected 44 large-scale OSS projects from GitHub for our quality analysis. First, we investigated the monthly changes in the status of issue creation and resolution for each project. It was found that there are three different patterns in the increase of issue creation, and three patterns in the relationship between the increase in issue creation and that of resolution. It was confirmed that there are multiple cases of each pattern that affect the final resolution rate. Next, we investigated the correlation between the final resolution rate and that for a relevant number of months after issue creation. We deduced that the correlation coefficient even between the resolution rate in the first month and the final rate exceeded 0.5. Based on these analysis results, we conclude that the issue resolution rate in the first month once an issue is created is applicable as knowledge for knowledge-based AI systems that can be used to assist in decision-making regarding OSS adoption in business projects.

scholarly journals Towards wide-scale adoption of open science practices: The role of open science communities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristijan Armeni ◽  
Loek Brinkman ◽  
Rickard Carlsson ◽  
Anita Eerland ◽  
Rianne Fijten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Learning Groups ◽  
Change Behavior ◽  
The Status ◽  
Wide Scale

Open Science (OS) increases the quality, efficiency, and impact of science. This has been widely recognised by scholars, funders, and policy makers. However, despite the increasing availability of infrastructure supporting OS and the rise in policies and incentives to change behavior, OS practices are not yet the norm. While pioneering researchers are developing and embracing OS practices, the majority sticks to the status quo. To transition from pioneering to common practice, we need to engage a critical proportion of the academic community. In this transition, Open Science Communities (OSCs) play a key role. OSCs are bottom-up learning groups of scholars that discuss OS practices, within and across disciplines. They make OS knowledge and know-how more visible and accessible, and facilitate communication among scholars and policy makers. By the same token, community members shape the transition to OS such that it is most beneficial for researchers, science, and society. Over the past two years, eleven OSCs were founded at several Dutch university cities, with approximately 700 members in total (at the time of writing). In other countries, similar OSCs are starting up. In this paper, we discuss the pivotal role OSCs play in the large-scale transition to OS and provide practical information on how to start a local OSC. We emphasize that, despite the grassroot character of OSCs, support from universities is critical for OSCs to be viable, effective, and sustainable.

scholarly journals LOL-Trasianka: what Language do the Belarus Network Communities Use?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
Tamara А. Pivovarchik ◽  
Inna I. Minchuk
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
The State ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Symbolic Function ◽  
Internet Communities ◽  
Critical Orientation ◽  
Network Communities ◽  
Community Identification ◽  
The Status

The article is devoted to LOL-trasianka – a network variety of mixed Belarus-Russian speech, which is actively used in Belarus Internet communities as a source of comic and a trigger for laughing communicative situations. It was found that laughter discourse in LOL-trasianka is characterized by deliberate distortion of the norms of both Russian and Belarus languages, hypertrophied interference, violation of ethical and etiquette rules of communication, demonstrative marginalization of the speech flow, general intention of irony and sarcasm. Sociolinguistic and communicative-discursive factors that determined the status of LOL-trasianka as the main code resource of Internet communities with an ironic-grotesque discourse of a socially critical orientation are a) stereotypes of marking the state Russian and Belarus languages and their variants; b) strengthening the symbolic function of the Belarus language; c) disdainful attitude towards mixed Belarus-Russian speech; d) expanding the scope of use of trasianka. It was found that in the communicative interaction of participants in the analyzed communities, LOL-trasianka performs a number of functions: creative (is a means of self-expression of participants), emotional expressive (allows the writer to convey a palette of emotions), integrative (unites members of the online community), identification (provides adequate perception and understanding each other’s intentions), interpretive (forms an alternative laughing reality), dissociative (expresses the protest of community members, dissatisfaction with the surrounding reality).

Community-based evaluation in online communities

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-395
Author(s):  
Juliane Jarke
Keyword(s):  
Online Communities ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Actor Network Theory ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The idea of “best practice” is very much built into information systems and the ways in which they organise and structure work. The purpose of this paper is to examine how “best practice” may be identified (produced) through a community-based evaluation process as opposed to traditional expert-based evaluation frameworks. The paper poses the following research questions: how does “best practice” (e)valuation in online communities differ depending on whether they are produced by community members or experts? And what role play these two practices of valuation for online community performance? Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a three-year ethnographic study of a large-scale online community initiative run by the European Commission. Participant observation of online and offline activities (23 events) was complemented with 73 semi-structured interviews with 58 interviewees. The paper draws on Science and Technology Studies, and in particular actor-network theory. Findings Promoting the idea of “best practice” is not just an exercise about determining what “best” is but rather supposes that best is something that can travel across sites and be replicated. The paper argues that it is crucial to understand the work performed to coordinate multiple practices of producing “best practice” as apparatuses of valuation. Hence if practices are shared or circulate within an online community, this is possible because of material-discursive practices of dissociation and association, through agential cuts. These cuts demarcate what is important – and foregrounded – and what is backgrounded. In so doing new “practice objects” are produced. Research limitations/implications The research was conducted in the European public sector where participants are not associated through shared organisational membership (e.g. as employees of the same organisation). An environment for determining “best practice” that is limited to an organisation’s employees and more homogeneous may reveal further dynamics for “best practice” production. Practical implications This paper sheds light on why it is so difficult to reach commensuration in crowd-sourced environments. Originality/value The paper provides an analysis of how online community members collaborate in order to identify relevant and meaningful user-generated content. It argues that “best practice” is produced through a process of commensuration.

scholarly journals A standardized framework for testing the performance of sleep-tracking technology: step-by-step guidelines and open-source code

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Menghini ◽  
Nicola Cellini ◽  
Aimee Goldstone ◽  
Fiona C Baker ◽  
Massimiliano de Zambotti
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Validation Studies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Epoch Analysis ◽  
Tracking Devices

Abstract Sleep-tracking devices, particularly within the consumer sleep technology (CST) space, are increasingly used in both research and clinical settings, providing new opportunities for large-scale data collection in highly ecological conditions. Due to the fast pace of the CST industry combined with the lack of a standardized framework to evaluate the performance of sleep trackers, their accuracy and reliability in measuring sleep remains largely unknown. Here, we provide a step-by-step analytical framework for evaluating the performance of sleep trackers (including standard actigraphy), as compared with gold-standard polysomnography (PSG) or other reference methods. The analytical guidelines are based on recent recommendations for evaluating and using CST from our group and others (de Zambotti and colleagues; Depner and colleagues), and include raw data organization as well as critical analytical procedures, including discrepancy analysis, Bland–Altman plots, and epoch-by-epoch analysis. Analytical steps are accompanied by open-source R functions (depicted at https://sri-human-sleep.github.io/sleep-trackers-performance/AnalyticalPipeline_v1.0.0.html). In addition, an empirical sample dataset is used to describe and discuss the main outcomes of the proposed pipeline. The guidelines and the accompanying functions are aimed at standardizing the testing of CSTs performance, to not only increase the replicability of validation studies, but also to provide ready-to-use tools to researchers and clinicians. All in all, this work can help to increase the efficiency, interpretation, and quality of validation studies, and to improve the informed adoption of CST in research and clinical settings.

scholarly journals PRISMS-Fatigue computational framework for fatigue analysis in polycrystalline metals and alloys

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Yaghoobi ◽  
Krzysztof S. Stopka ◽  
Aaditya Lakshmanan ◽  
Veera Sundararaghavan ◽  
John E. Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Metals And Alloys ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Computational Framework ◽  
Crystal Plasticity Finite Element ◽  
Polycrystalline Metals ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Open Source Framework

AbstractThe PRISMS-Fatigue open-source framework for simulation-based analysis of microstructural influences on fatigue resistance for polycrystalline metals and alloys is presented here. The framework uses the crystal plasticity finite element method as its microstructure analysis tool and provides a highly efficient, scalable, flexible, and easy-to-use ICME community platform. The PRISMS-Fatigue framework is linked to different open-source software to instantiate microstructures, compute the material response, and assess fatigue indicator parameters. The performance of PRISMS-Fatigue is benchmarked against a similar framework implemented using ABAQUS. Results indicate that the multilevel parallelism scheme of PRISMS-Fatigue is more efficient and scalable than ABAQUS for large-scale fatigue simulations. The performance and flexibility of this framework is demonstrated with various examples that assess the driving force for fatigue crack formation of microstructures with different crystallographic textures, grain morphologies, and grain numbers, and under different multiaxial strain states, strain magnitudes, and boundary conditions.

scholarly journals Open-Source Tools and Containers for the Production of Large-Scale S/TEM Datasets

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (S1) ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
Alexander M Rakowski ◽  
Joydeep Munshi ◽  
Benjamin Savitzky ◽  
Shreyas Cholia ◽  
Matthew L Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Large Scale
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