scholarly journals The prevalence, age distribution and comorbidity of personality disorders in Australian women

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shae E Quirk ◽  
Michael Berk ◽  
Julie A Pasco ◽  
Sharon L Brennan-Olsen ◽  
Andrew M Chanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objective: We aimed to describe the prevalence and age distribution of personality disorders and their comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders in an age-stratified sample of Australian women aged ⩾25 years. Methods: Individual personality disorders (paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal, histrionic, narcissistic, borderline, antisocial, avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive), lifetime mood, anxiety, eating and substance misuse disorders were diagnosed utilising validated semi-structured clinical interviews (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Non-patient Edition and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders). The prevalence of personality disorders and Clusters were determined from the study population ( n = 768), and standardised to the Australian population using the 2011 Australian Bureau of Statistics census data. Prevalence by age and the association with mood, anxiety, eating and substance misuse disorders was also examined. Results: The overall prevalence of personality disorders in women was 21.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.7, 24.9). Cluster C personality disorders (17.5%, 95% CI: 16.0, 18.9) were more common than Cluster A (5.3%, 95% CI: 3.5, 7.0) and Cluster B personality disorders (3.2%, 95% CI: 1.8, 4.6). Of the individual personality disorders, obsessive-compulsive (10.3%, 95% CI: 8.0, 12.6), avoidant (9.3%, 95% CI: 7.1, 11.5), paranoid (3.9%, 95% CI: 3.1, 4.7) and borderline (2.7%, 95% CI: 1.4, 4.0) were among the most prevalent. The prevalence of other personality disorders was low (⩽1.7%). Being younger (25–34 years) was predictive of having any personality disorder (odds ratio: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.18, 4.74), as was being middle-aged (odds ratio: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.23, 4.72). Among the strongest predictors of having any personality disorder was having a lifetime history of psychiatric disorders (odds ratio: 4.29, 95% CI: 2.90, 6.33). Mood and anxiety disorders were the most common comorbid lifetime psychiatric disorders. Conclusions: Approximately one in five women was identified with a personality disorder, emphasising that personality disorders are relatively common in the population. A more thorough understanding of the distribution of personality disorders and psychiatric comorbidity in the general population is crucial to assist allocation of health care resources to individuals living with these disorders.

scholarly journals Psychiatric, demographic and personality characteristics of elderly sex offenders

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. FAZEL ◽  
T. HOPE ◽  
I. O’DONNELL ◽  
R. JACOBY
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Dsm Iv

Background. Psychiatric disorders are purported to play a role in the aetiology of violent crime, but evidence for their role in sexual offending is less clear. The authors investigated the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and personality disorders in elderly incarcerated sex offenders compared with elderly non-sex offenders.Method. One hundred and one sex offenders and 102 non-sex offenders aged over 59 years were interviewed using standardized semi-structured interviews for psychiatric illness (the Geriatric Mental State) and the personality disorder (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV personality disorders). Data on demographic, offence and victim characteristics were collected.Results. Six per cent of the elderly sex offenders had a psychotic illness, 7% a DSM-IV major depressive episode and 33% a personality disorder; and 1% had dementia. These prevalence figures were not different from the elderly non-sex offenders interviewed in this study. Differences emerged at the level of personality traits with sex offenders having more schizoid, obsessive–compulsive, and avoidant traits, and fewer antisocial traits compared with non-sex offenders.Conclusions. Elderly sex offenders and non-sex-offenders have similar prevalence rates of mental illness. However, elderly sex offenders have increased schizoid, obsessive–compulsive, and avoidant personality traits, supporting the view that sex offending in the elderly is associated more with personality factors than mental illness or organic brain disease.

Comorbidity of DSM–IV Personality Disorders in Unipolar and Bipolar Affective Disorders: A Comparative Study

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Schiavone ◽  
Stella Dorz ◽  
Donatella Conforti ◽  
Caterina Scarso ◽  
Giuseppe Borgherini
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Unipolar Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorders

The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of Personality Disorders assessed by Structured Clinical Interview for Axis-II in 155 inpatients diagnosed with Unipolar Disorder vs inpatients with Bipolar Disorder (39). The most frequent Axis II diagnoses among Unipolar inpatients were Borderline (31.6%), Dependent (25.2%), and Obsessive-Compulsive (14.2%) Personality Disorders. Among Bipolar inpatients, the most prevalent personality disorders were Borderline (41%), Narcissistic (20.5%), Dependent (12.8%), and Histrionic disorders (10.3%). Using chi squared analysis, few differences in distribution emerged between the two groups: Unipolar patients had more recurrent Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder than Bipolar patients (χ12 = 6.24, p < .005). Comorbid Narcissistic Personality Disorder was significantly more frequent in the Bipolar than in the Unipolar group (χ12 = 6.34, p < .01). Considering the three clusters (DSM–IV classification), there was a significant difference between the groups, Cluster C (fearful, avoidant) diagnoses being more frequent in the Unipolar than in the Bipolar group (48.4% vs 20.5%, respectively). Cluster B (dramatic, emotionally erratic) diagnoses were found more frequently in patients with Bipolar Disorders (71.8% vs 45.2% in Unipolar patients, χ22 = 10.1, p < .006). The differences in the distribution and prevalence of Personality Disorders between the two patient groups are discussed.

A comparison of DSM-III-R and ICD-10 personality disorder criteria in an out-patient population

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sara ◽  
P. Raven ◽  
A. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Equivalent Form ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Diagnostic Threshold ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Dsm Iv

SynopsisThis study reports the results of a comparison of DSM-III-R and ICD-10 personality disorder criteria by application of both sets of criteria to the same group of patients. Despite the clinical relevance of these disorders and the need for reliable diagnostic criteria, such a comparison has not previously been reported. DSM-III-R and ICD-10 have converged in their classification of personality disorders, but some important differences between the two systems remain. Personality disorder diagnoses from both systems were obtained in 52 out-patients, using the Standardized Assessment of Personality (SAP), a brief, informant-based interview which yields diagnoses in both DSM-III-R and ICD-10. For individual personality disorder diagnoses, agreement between systems was limited. Thirty-four subjects received a personality disorder diagnosis that had an equivalent form in both systems, but only 10 subjects (29%) received the same primary diagnosis in each system. There was a difference in rate of diagnosis, with ICD-10 making significantly more personality disorder diagnoses. The lower diagnostic threshold of the ICD-10 contributed most of this effect. Further modifications in ICD-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research (DCR) and DSM-IV to the personality disorder category have been considered. The omission in DSM-IV of three categories unique to that system and the raising of the threshold in ICD-10 DCR, do seem to have been helpful in promoting convergence.

Introduction

2012 ◽  
pp. xviii-10
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Widiger
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Individual Personality ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Childhood Antecedents

This article presents an overview of the book's six parts. Part I provides historical background and a discussion of the diagnosis and assessment of personality disorders. Part II deals with the construct validity support for personality disorders. It covers research concerning behavior and molecular genetics, childhood antecedents, epidemiology, gender, co-occurrence among the personality disorders, co-occurrence with other mental disorders, universality, and course. Part III concerns alternative models for the pathology of personality disorders. Part IV covers individual personality disorder types or particular constellations of maladaptive personality traits. These include all of the types included currently within DSM-IV-TR and likely to remain in DSM-5 (e.g., borderline and antisocial). Part V discusses treatment and Part VI concludes.

Association Between Peptic Ulcer and Personality Disorders in a Nationally Representative us Sample

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1043-1043
Author(s):  
J.-P. Schuster ◽  
F. Limosin ◽  
S. Levenstein ◽  
Y. Le Strat
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stomach Ulcer ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Epidemiologic Survey ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionThe peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a paradigm of the mind body interaction. This model has been a source of much research until the rise of an infectious etiologic model and improvement in pharmacotherapy. To the best of our knowledge, there is no epidemiological data investigating the co-occurrence of PUD with personality disorders based on DSM-IV criteria.ObjectiveTo assess the association between peptic ulcer and a wide range of personality disorders in a large sample representative of the general population in the United States.MethodsData were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, on the basis of a face-to-face interview of more than 43,000 adults. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between self-reported “stomach ulcer” and personality disorders.ResultsAll seven personality disorders assessed in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (i.e., avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive, paranoid, schizoid, histrionic, and antisocial personality disorders) were associated with stomach ulcer, with odds ratio ranging from 2.26 (obsessive compulsive personality disorder) to 5.54 (dependent personality disorder). Participants with ulcer were five times more likely to have more than three personality disorders than participants without ulcer. The relationship between ulcer and personality disorders was only slightly attenuated after adjusting for sociodemographic conditions, physical and psychiatric disorders, and addictions.ConclusionsSelf-reported peptic ulcer is associated with increased rates of personality disorders, beyond the influence of psychiatric disorders or addictions.Psychosom Med. 2010 Aug 17. [Epub ahead of print]

Tools & Resources: Impairment and Disability Web Sites

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Outpatient Psychotherapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Cluster B Personality Disorders ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Personality disorders are enduring patterns of inner experience and behavior that deviate markedly from those expected by the individual's culture; these inflexible and pervasive patterns reflect issues with cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning and impulse control, and lead to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fourth Edition, defines two specific personality disorders, in addition to an eleventh condition, Personality Disorder Not Otherwise Specified. Cluster A personality disorders include paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personalities; of these, Paranoid Personality Disorder probably is most common in the legal arena. Cluster B personality disorders include antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality. Such people may suffer from frantic efforts to avoid perceived abandonment, patterns of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships, an identity disturbance, and impulsivity. Legal issues that involve individuals with cluster B personality disorders often involve determination of causation of the person's problems, assessment of claims of harassment, and assessment of the person's fitness for employment. Cluster C personality disorders include avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality. Two case histories illustrate some of the complexities of assessing impairment in workers with personality disorders, including drug abuse, hospitalizations, and inpatient and outpatient psychotherapy.

scholarly journals Ten-year stability and latent structure of the DSM–IV schizotypal, borderline, avoidant, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders.

2009 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Sanislow ◽  
Todd D. Little ◽  
Emily B. Ansell ◽  
Carlos M. Grilo ◽  
Maria Daversa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Dsm Iv

Comorbidity of dsm-iii-r personality disorders in schizophrenic and unipolar mood disorders: a comparative study

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Oulis ◽  
L Lykouras ◽  
J Hatzimanolis ◽  
V Tomaras
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Patient Groups

SummaryWe investigated the overall prevalence and the differential comorbidity of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-III-R personality disorders in 166 remitted or recovered patients with schizophrenic (n = 102) or unipolar mood disorder (n = 64). Over 60% of both patient groups met the DSM-III-R criteria of at least one DSM-III-R personality disorder as assessed by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-II-R), receiving on average 3.1 personality diagnoses. Neither DSM-III-R categories of personality disorders, nor scores on its three clusters A, B and C, nor total score on SCID-II-R differed significantly across the two groups. In conclusion, DSM-III-R personality disorders, although highly prevalent in schizophrenic and unipolar mood disorders, lack any specificity with respect to these categories of mental disorders.

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