Occupational Choices of Sydney Teenagers: Relationships with Sex, Social Class, Grade Level and Parent Expectations

1977 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Sinclair ◽  
Barbara Crouch ◽  
Jane Miller
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Parent Expectations ◽  
Occupational Choices ◽  
Lower Status ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Lower Social Class

Occupational choices were studied for a cross-section of 876 Sydney students in Years 6–12. Clear sex differences in occupational choice were observed confirming results of overseas studies. Girls chose different types of jobs from boys, and confined themselves to a more restricted range of jobs. While job decisiveness was found to increase with grade level, it was apparent that particular choice points in the course of schooling ( viz. years 10 and 12 at high school, and year 6 before entry to high school) also influence extent of decisiveness. Occupational choice was further found to be related to social class. Adolescents from lower social class backgrounds tended to choose jobs requiring less further education and of a lower status, while adolescents from higher social class backgrounds chose jobs requiring more further education and higher in status. The results were interpreted as illustrating how particular socialization processes relating to social class and sex operate to narrow what is regarded as an acceptable occupation.

Eat What’s Good for You

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Best
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Provisioning ◽  
Parental Pressure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Good For ◽  
Washington High School ◽  
Role Of Parents

This chapter focuses on Washington High School and its cafeteria, examining the different types of food found there and the role of parents in shaping the cafeteria and students, with specific attention to social class and its consequence for a public food provisioning system. The first part of the chapter sketches the changing set of arrangements in food consumption toward a focus on health that Dan, the food director, labored to bring into being and the role of parental pressure in driving such change. The second part of the chapter shifts attention toward youth, highlighting the way class dispositions shape what kids consume and how they consume, and examining how this same ambivalence finds expression in the types of play students engage in this space.

Career Development of Lower Social Class Adolescents in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-530
Author(s):  
Mae Hyang Hwang ◽  
Jihye Lee ◽  
Ae-Kyung Jung
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Career Counseling ◽  
High School Seniors ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Phone Call ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Lower Social Class

Despite increased efforts and a broadened understanding of social class and its impact on career development, the career development of lower social class adolescents and its interaction with sociocontextual factors remain understudied. The current study explored the educational and career experiences of South Korean high school seniors using a qualitative approach and the gender and social class career development model. Our sample included 14 lower class high school seniors who were preparing for different career paths after graduation. The data were collected at three time points, through two semistructured interviews, documents, and brief phone-call surveys. An inductive thematic analysis of 28 semistructured interviews and documentations revealed three domains with seven themes. The results demonstrated an influence of lower social class on adolescents’ socialization, access to resources, affectional and academic barriers, and academic and career attainment. The implications of the results for career counseling, interventions, policies, and future research are discussed.

‘Urfi marriage, an Egyptian Version of Cohabitation?

1970 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Ikran Eum
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
The State ◽  
Sexual Desires ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
State Pension

In Egypt, the term ‘urfi2 in relation to marriage means literally “customary” marriage, something that has always existed in Egypt but nowadays tends mostly to be secretly practiced among young people. Traditionally, according to Abaza,3 ‘urfi marriage took place not only for practical purposes (such as enabling widows to remarry while keeping the state pension of their deceased husbands), but also as a way of matchmaking across classes (since men from the upper classes use ‘urfi marriage as a way of marrying a second wife from a lower social class). In this way a man could satisfy his sexual desires while retaining his honor by preserving his marriage to the first wife and his position in the community to which he belonged, and keeping his second marriage secret.

Social class and envy among Chinese undergraduates: Victim justice sensitivity as a mediator

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
You-Juan Hong ◽  
Rong-Mao Lin ◽  
Rong Lian
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Scholarly Research ◽  
Justice Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
Subjective Social Class ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Chinese Undergraduates

We examined the relationship between social class and envy, and the role of victim justice sensitivity in this relationship among a group of 1,405 Chinese undergraduates. The students completed measures of subjective social class, victim justice sensitivity, and dispositional envy. The results show that a lower social class was significantly and negatively related to envy and victim justice sensitivity, whereas victim justice sensitivity was significantly and positively related to envy. As predicted, a lower social class was very closely correlated with envy. In addition, individuals with a lower (vs. higher) social class had a greater tendency toward victim justice sensitivity, which, in turn, increased their envy. Overall, our results advance scholarly research on the psychology of social hierarchy by clarifying the relationship between social class and the negative emotion of envy.

Relationship Between Different Types of Violence and Mental Health in High School Students From Northern Mexico

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110219
Author(s):  
Oscar Armando Esparza-Del Villar ◽  
Sarah Margarita Chavez-Valdez ◽  
Priscila Montañez-Alvarado ◽  
Marisela Gutiérrez-Vega ◽  
Teresa Gutiérrez-Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
School Students ◽  
Social Violence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Different types of violence have been present in Mexico but there have been few studies that have analyzed their relationship with mental health in adolescents, especially in cities with high rates of social violence. It is important to compare different violence types and their relationship with mental health since not all relationships are the same. It appears that social violence has a stronger relationship with mental health, and for this reason it receives more attention, but other types of violence have a stronger relationship and do not receive as much attention. Chihuahua has been one of the most violent states in Mexico, and Juarez has been the most violent city in the world in 2009 and 2010. The purpose of the study is to compare the relationship of different types of violence (social, cyberbullying, partner violence, and child abuse and neglect) with mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, stress, self-esteem, and paranoid thoughts). There were 526 high school students, from the cities of Juarez ( n = 282) and Chihuahua ( n = 244). The mean age was 16.5 ( SD = 1.4) years and 50.6% reported being males. The relationships among the variables were analyzed using Pearson’s correlations and multiple linear regressions. Both cities that have experienced social violence like carjacking, kidnapping, and sexual assault, but they have very small or no relationships with mental health indicators. Other types of violence have stronger correlations. Our findings suggest that interventions should not focus only in preventing and dealing with social violence, but that other types of violence must also be addressed in adolescents.

scholarly journals Teacher Orchestration of Language and Gesture in Explaining Science Concepts in Images

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thu Ngo ◽  
Len Unsworth ◽  
Michele Herrington
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Symbolic Representations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Diagram Comprehension ◽  
Senior High School Students

AbstractStudents’ difficulties interpreting diagrams remain a concern in science education. Research about improving diagram comprehension has included few studies of teachers’ orchestration of language and gesture in explaining diagrams—and very few in senior high schools. Research with younger students and studies of research scientists’ practice indicate the significance of the interaction of teachers’ gesture and language in explaining visualisations. The strategic deployment of such teacher-focussed authoritative explanations has been observed in facilitating progression to more complex and symbolic representations in classroom work. However, the paucity of such research in senior high school leaves open the question of how these teachers use gesture and language in managing the challenges of explaining the intricate sub-microscopic and abstract visualisations senior high school students need to negotiate. In this paper, we outline existing studies of teachers’ use of gesture and language to explain complex images in senior high school and investigate how it is managed by two biology teachers with images of different types and complexity representing the activity of certain cell components in the early phase of cell duplication. Implications are drawn for foci of further research including the role of a metalanguage describing different types of visualisations and their affordances.

Social Class and Wellbeing among Staff and Students in Higher Education Settings: Mapping the Problem and Exploring Underlying Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isla Dougall ◽  
Mario Weick ◽  
Milica Vasiljevic
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
High Social Class ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Within Higher Education (HE), lower social class staff and students often experience poorer wellbeing than their higher social class counterparts. Previous research conducted outside educational contexts has linked social class differences in wellbeing with differences in the extent to which low and high social class individuals feel respected (i.e., status), in control (i.e., autonomy), and connected with others (i.e., inclusion). However, to our knowledge, there has been no research that has investigated these factors within HE settings. Furthermore, inclusion, status and autonomy are correlated, yet little is known about how these factors contribute to wellbeing simultaneously, and independently, of one another. To fill these gaps, we report the results of two studies; firstly with HE students (Study 1; N = 305), and secondly with HE staff (Study 2; N = 261). Consistently across studies, reports of poor wellbeing were relatively common and more than twice as prevalent amongst lower social class staff and students compared to higher social class staff and students. Inclusion, status and autonomy each made a unique contribution and accounted for the relationship between social class and wellbeing (fully amongst students, and partially amongst staff members). These relationships held across various operationalisations of social class and when examining a range of facets of wellbeing. Social class along with inclusion, status and autonomy explained a substantial 40% of the variance in wellbeing. The present research contributes to the literature exploring how social class intersects with social factors to impact the wellbeing of staff and students within HE.

Assessment of high school textbooks addressing radiations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Economides ◽  
K. Karfopoulos ◽  
E. Mestousi ◽  
P. Founta ◽  
E. Carinou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Early Age ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Different Types

Exposure to different types of radiation is an integral part of everyday life (e.g. cosmic radiation, radon, medical applications, cell phones, etc.). Therefore, the general public should adequately be informed on the issue from an early age in order to develop a realistic understanding of the associated risks and the necessary safety culture. In this respect, the quality of the related information provided in the school textbooks is of great importance. The present work demonstrates a quantified assessment of high school textbooks regarding the information on different radiation-related topics provided to students. The assessment was carried out based on an anonymous online survey with the participation of a total of 347 high school teachers. According to the results of the survey, the high school textbooks address radiation issues in a sparse, occasional, and fragmentary manner. Moreover, the results indicate that the quality of information they provide was judged as unsatisfactory in terms of scientific correctness, completeness, clarity-comprehensiveness and objectivity. Radiation protection and applications of non-ionizing radiation are the topics that are covered to a lesser extent in the textbooks and curricula evaluated.

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