Family values, customs, traditions and ethics of the Russian family in Bessarabia (the interwar period in Romanian literature)

The article analyzes the essays “Bessarabian Roads” by Mikhail Sadoveanu, written in the genre of ethnographic fiction, and the moral-descriptive novel by Georgy Bezvikonny “The Last Superfluous Man”. Our selection of works was based on the representativeness of these sources for the announced topic. M. Sadoveanu recreates a phantomatic picture of the micro-space of the Russian noble family of Madame Panina (1920s); the system of the images of these essays clearly reveals the atmosphere of social disorientation of the Russian population, as well as the manifestation of clear trends of integration into the Romanian social space. However, the family values, customs, traditions and the morals of the Russian family in Bessarabia during the interwar period retain some elements of continuity. G. Bezvikonny in details recreates the spirit of the era, its historical flavor, retrospectively reflects the life of a typical Bessarabian family with a high social class status (the so-called “Russian boyars”); in his novel, the biopsychological portrait of the family, constituted over generations, emerges in the detailed aspects of family values, customs and traditions. The above mentioned works also substantively consider the issues of “Bessarabian identity”, which were especially relevant in the aspect of studying the Russian family in the interwar period.

Socio-demographic and clinical correlates of parenting style among parents having ADHD children: a cross-section study

Background ADHD affects 7.8% of the school-aged population, making it one of the most common childhood brain illnesses. It is characterized by abnormally high levels of inattention, activity, and impulsivity at a young age. Being a parent of a child with ADHD is a real challenge, as the parents tend to be more disapproving, critical, and provide more impulse control directions; such parenting style can have an impact on the illnesses course, accentuate its signs and symptoms, and lead to secondary development of co-morbid psychiatric and behavioral problems. This makes the parent-child effect a matter of clinical importance that needs to be carefully assessed and managed. We aimed to estimate the sociodemographic and clinical correlates of parenting attitudes among parents having ADHD children. This cross-sectional study included 48 ADHD children from both sexes, aged from 6 to 12 years old, and their parents. In our study, we applied the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale 5th edition, the Conner’s Parent Rating Scale-revised, the parenting style as perceived by children questionnaire, and the Fahmy and El-Sherbini questionnaire for the measurement of socioeconomic status. Results Mothers of ADHD children had significantly lower scores of over-protections parenting style than the fathers; the current study showed a significant increase in total parenting scores and warmth/support in mild ADHD cases than in moderate and severe ones, and there is a significant increase in the mother’s positive parenting style toward ADHD children with lower levels of social problems, mild cases, and older age. There is a significant increase of positive parenting style toward ADHD children exerted by post graduated, professionally working, and high social class fathers and by working mothers among rural residents and high social class mothers. There is a positive correlation between IQ and a mother’s warmth/support. Conclusion ADHD children with mild symptoms, higher social functioning of the child, high socioeconomic level of the family, better education, and professional occupations of parents were associated with positive parenting style.

KONSTRUKSI MAKNA FASHION DALAM PENGGUNAAN MASKER DI INSTAGRAM

In the era of covid 19 masks have become a necessity in activities, the obligation to use masks for daily use, this makes masks more and more stylish. One of the fashion styles that creates fashion masks is Gerry Yo. Gerry's fashion masks are regularly uploaded on social media, namely Instagram. The photos of masks uploaded to Gerry Yo's account are a symbol that masks with various fashion patterns, accessories and styles are different from masks in general. By using sequins even to the Swarovski stone. The purpose of this study is to describe the construction of the meaning of fashion in the use of masks on Instagram. The theory used in this research is the theory of social reality construction, the paradigm used is the constructivism paradigm. The method used is descriptive qualitative with analytical knife using triangle meaning semiotics Charles Sanders Pierce Semiotics. The result of the research is that the reality that you want to build on the @gerryyoheadpiece instagram account creates a new culture with masks as fashion, using masks is still trendy. Furthermore, it is objective about the depiction of women using masks but still beautiful. Externalization describes the use of masks that used to be considered for health but this time for glamorous fashion. The meaning built on Instagram @gerryyoheadpiece is that masks can now express high social class for a woman.

Race and Social Class as Intersecting Social Categories

Race and social class are inherently confounded; however, much of the literature focuses on only one of these categories at a time during attitude assessment. Across three studies, we examined the influence of race and social class on implicit and explicit attitudes. Results indicated that participants had more positive attitudes toward high social class White and high social class Black people than low social class White and low social class Black people. Attitudes for high social class White versus high social class Black people and low social class White versus low social class Black people were more nuanced and attitude/measure dependent. Thus, this research highlights the intricacy of attitudes when considering intersectional categories.

Subjective Economic Inequality Decreases Emotional Intelligence, Especially for People of High Social Class

Across five studies (three preregistered; N = 2,481), we investigated two effects as follows: (1) Is higher subjective economic inequality associated with a decreased ability to accurately identify emotions (emotional intelligence)? When inequality is high, people are less focused on others and may thus be less motivated to correctly identify their emotions. (2) Is this main effect of subjective inequality qualified by an interaction with socioeconomic status (SES)? Past research suggests that high SES leads to lower emotional intelligence because people of higher SES are less dependent on others and thus less motivated to identify their emotions. When perceiving higher inequality, high SES individuals should feel even more self-reliant, thereby exacerbating the difference in emotional intelligence between people of low and high SES. We provide empirical support in three out of five studies for the first and in four out of five studies for the second hypothesis. An internal meta-analysis supported both hypotheses.

"Struggling to Bridge the Intergeneration Gap": Iranian Parents’ approaches to their Adolescent Sons’ Sexual Upbringing-a qualitative study

BackgroundChildren's sexual education has an important role in adolescent sexual health; however sexual upbringing is one of the most challenging dimensions of education for families, especially in Muslim societies experiencing transition to modernity. There is little information about sexuality upbringing for boys in Iran. The present study aimed to explain parents' strategies in the sexual upbringing of adolescent boys in Iran. MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted in 2017 in Ahvaz, Iran. The qualitative data were collected through a purposeful sampling method, with a maximum variation by conducting semi-structured in-depth interviews and focused group discussions with 27 parents from the middle/high social class having 10-19-year-old adolescent sons. Qualitative data were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. ResultsParents' strategies for their sons’ sexuality upbringing emerged in five categories: control, monitoring, and restriction; abstinence as the main content of sexual upbringing; endeavoring for peace and tolerance; Criticizing the pathologic attitude to sexual instinct; and hope for social learning. The theme "Struggling to bridge the inter-generation gap" emerged from the categories. Conclusion Iranian parents are facing uncertainty regarding sexual education for their adolescent boys. All approaches finally resulted in abstinence. Abstinence is the central concept in their sexuality upbringing style for their sons. so, sexual relationship is a red line issue in sexuality upbringing. Their conservative peaceful approach tries to reduce the intergeneration gap.

Social Class and Wellbeing among Staff and Students in Higher Education Settings: Mapping the Problem and Exploring Underlying Mechanisms

Within Higher Education (HE), lower social class staff and students often experience poorer wellbeing than their higher social class counterparts. Previous research conducted outside educational contexts has linked social class differences in wellbeing with differences in the extent to which low and high social class individuals feel respected (i.e., status), in control (i.e., autonomy), and connected with others (i.e., inclusion). However, to our knowledge, there has been no research that has investigated these factors within HE settings. Furthermore, inclusion, status and autonomy are correlated, yet little is known about how these factors contribute to wellbeing simultaneously, and independently, of one another. To fill these gaps, we report the results of two studies; firstly with HE students (Study 1; N = 305), and secondly with HE staff (Study 2; N = 261). Consistently across studies, reports of poor wellbeing were relatively common and more than twice as prevalent amongst lower social class staff and students compared to higher social class staff and students. Inclusion, status and autonomy each made a unique contribution and accounted for the relationship between social class and wellbeing (fully amongst students, and partially amongst staff members). These relationships held across various operationalisations of social class and when examining a range of facets of wellbeing. Social class along with inclusion, status and autonomy explained a substantial 40% of the variance in wellbeing. The present research contributes to the literature exploring how social class intersects with social factors to impact the wellbeing of staff and students within HE.

The influence of signs of social class on prosocial behavior: A field experiment

A field experiment (N = 4,537) examined how signs of social class influence prosocial behavior. In the experiment, pedestrians were exposed to a target wearing symbols of relatively high or low social class in two major urban cities in the USA who was presumably requesting money to help the homeless. Pedestrians gave more than twice (2.55 times) as much to the target wearing high social class symbols than they did to the one wearing lower-class symbols. A follow-up perceptual study exposed participants to images of this panhandler wearing the same higher- or lower-class symbols, finding that higher-class symbols elicited perceptions of elevated competence, trustworthiness, similarity to the self, and perceived humanity compared to lower-class symbols. These results indicate that perceivers use visible signs of social class as a basis for judging others’ traits and attributes, and in decisions to directly share resources.

Nathaniel’s Ambition to Revenge on Simon Lovelace Discribed in Jonathan Stroud’s The Bartimaeus Trilogy: The Amulet of Samarkand

This thesis is entitled Nathaniel’s Ambition to Revenge on SimonLovelace Described in Jonathan Stroud’s The Bartimaeus Trilogy: The Amuletof Samarkand has an objective to analyze ambition and motive of Nathanielalias John Mandrake to revenge on Simon Lovelace as his enemy. Theresearcher used descriptive qualitative method to find out Ambition and motiveof Nathaniel alias John Mandrake after Humiliated by Simon Lovelace. Whilelibrary research method was used to gain any references dealing with the objectof analysis. Technique of analysis is divided into two, there are structural andpsychology approach. Structural approach was used to analyze structuralelements like general description, conflict, and setting, while psychologicalapproach was used to analyze and describe problems dealing with the object ofstudy. The collected data were analyzed by reading the novel. The researcherpresents all the data by the quotation through general description, conflict andsetting. The results of this research show that the main character is described asa person who is genius, clever, restless, arrogant, and curious. He belongs toround dynamic character since he has more than one specific traits and he alsochanges from the beginning till the end of the story. The main character alsoexperiences internal conflict about him admitting the truth about who steal theamulet, to disobey his master, blame himself and also external conflict againsthis master, Bartimaeus, Maurice Schyler, The Resistance and Simon Lovelace.The setting in this novel is divided into setting of place; Attic room, SirUnderwood house, Boarded-up building, Heddleham Hall, Small library andThe hall of Heddleham Hall, setting of time; morning in boarded-up building,10.15 am and setting of social on high social class. Nathaniel alias JohnMandrake’s ambition is motivated by humiliation and murder drives him to gaineverything that needs to commit revenge. Living as magician which is alwayssurrounded by ambition and domination, losing someone that he loves,humiliated and be degraded by other.Keywords: Ambition, Amulet of Samarkand, Jonathan Stroud, Motive, Revenge

The Role of Secularization on Marriage and Conception Seasonality Patterns

The period comprising the second half of the nineteenth and the early twentieth century in Belgium has been described as one of rapid societal transformation including industrialization, urbanization, and, also in some extent, secularization. This is the historical period in which first mortality and later fertility also declined, facilitated by socio-economic (structural) and cultural changes, and resulting in the first demographic transition. One of the characteristics of the secularization marking this period is considered to be the reduced compliance with religious rules concerning the timing of marriages and sexual intercourse (i.e., conceptions). Against this background, the purpose of this article is twofold. It first assesses the initial extent and evolution of church control in the rapidly developing port city of Antwerp, Flanders (Belgium), in the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This will be studied through a so-called daily Lent and Advent marriage and conception index. By daily, we mean that we exactly measure the timing of Advent and Lent. We secondly try to explain the determinants of the occurrence of these marriages and conceptions through individual socio-economic, cultural, and life-course factors. We use data from the unique multisource COR* historical sample, containing individual information from population registers and civil registration records (1845–1913). We find clear signs of decreasing compliance with religious rules and therefore secularization but different patterns for marriages and conceptions. Even though compliance overall decreases for both events, rules are better complied with for marriages, and in particular, first marriages. Marriages are more influenced by social control than for sexual intercourse (i.e., conceptions). The influence of stronger compliance with marriage seasonality is observed through better adherence with first conceptions, although this is in much less extent for higher-order conceptions. The occurrence of these events, in particular marriages, is determined by a number of structural, cultural, and life-course factors. Noncompliances are found more in an urban setting, older women, and later historical periods, whereas compliance is found in high social class of men. For conceptions, relatively few (significant) effects are observed, although noncompliance for maternal literacy status and compliance for paternal social class is also found indicating gender differential effects.