Delinquency and Social Policy: A Historical Perspective

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Lerman
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Delinquent Youth ◽  
American System ◽  
Correctional System ◽  
Definition Of

The American belief system has traditionally emphasized the ideals of liberty, justice for all, and freedom from arbitrary authority. An examination of our response to delinquent youth, from a historical perspective, reveals a profound discrepancy between these ideals and our societal practices. The issue of liberty is related to the traditional overreach of the A merican definition of delinquency. The issue of justice is related to the American failure to specify a correspondence between degrees of delinquency and degrees of correctional response. Restraint from arbitrary authority is related to the broad discretion that permits more youth to be detained than to be adjudicated in a court of law. An examination of recent data and trends indicates that the American system can be characterized more accurately as a juvenile social control system than as a justice or correctional system.

Historical Perspectives on Innovation in Indian Business

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Markovits
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Industrial Firm ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Trading Network

This chapter deals with the question of innovation in Indian business from a historical perspective. After a brief survey of the literature, emphasizing how divided scholarly opinion was regarding the existence of forms of innovation in Indian business prior to the colonial era, the focus shifts to the British period. It is shown that Schumpeter’s definition of innovation equating it with technological innovation cannot be fruitfully applied to the Indian business scene. Two case studies are then proposed: Tata Iron & Steel, the largest Indian industrial firm, is shown to have been innovative in the specific context of India’s backward industrial scene, while the Sindwork merchants of Hyderabad are an instance of an Indian trading network which extended its range to the entire world. Concluding remarks interrogate post-Independence developments and stress the limits of the innovativeness of Indian business, prior to the recent liberal reforms.

Social Work's Evolution in the United Kingdom: A Study of Community Care and Social Control

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. David Harrison
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Model Of Practice

Community social work was a model of practice that was advocated by many roughly from the late 1970s through the 1980s, in the United Kingdom. The approach faded as the field of social work and social services changed drastically in subsequent years. This study conducted in 2006 and 2007, follows up a 1984 study of community social work advocates to learn how the same people understood the changes that occurred over more than 20 years. A total of 9 of the original 30 participants discussed the important role of social policy and social changes that appear to have led toward more individualized, mechanistic, and often control-oriented services.

scholarly journals Modern social policy of the Russian Federation in relation to low-income citizens and families

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3B) ◽  
pp. 604-620
Author(s):  
Dina Viktorovna Alontseva ◽  
Irina Aleksandrovna Zaitseva ◽  
Alexander Yevgenyevich Krikunov ◽  
Olga Anatolyevna Lavrishcheva ◽  
Sergey Sergeevich Fomenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Objective Indicators ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In this article, the authors conducted a comprehensive study of the main directions of the modern social policy of the Russian Federation in relation to low-income citizens living alone and low-income families. Namely, based on the analysis of doctrinal sources, the provisions of international acts and the norms of the current Russian legislation: we formulated the definition of the concept of "poor"; justified the opinion that it is necessary to use a set of objective indicators and indicators to determine a decent standard of living. The identified problems and the proposed system of scientific views significantly expand the previously obtained theoretical teachings on the types and forms of state social support and protection of low-income families and low-income citizens living alone, considering the realities of modern politics and trends in the development of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Politik Pangan: Konstruksi Kebijakan Dalam Rangka Konsolidasi Ketahanan Ekonomi Indonesia (Tinjauan Sosio-Historis Kultural Ekonomi Islam)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arin Setiyowati
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Market Policy ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Welfare Society

ABSTRACT Ghazan Khan (1295-1353 M) and Sultan alauddin Khidji (1296-1316 M), both of them are Islamic leader who succes in Persia and india. They can drive their state Islamic system throught equality distribution of wealth policy. Both of them have a similar power to change their not good economic system to excelent. Agricultural policy by Ghazan Khan and The price control system by Sultan Alauddin Khan. Therefore, they drive the welfare society. Indonesia, is agrarian country and economics condition still haven’t stable yet, especially it shows from some crisis tragedies both food and economy in Indonesian history. Therefore, this literature study to be effort to give a problem solving for indonesian economics condition based historical perspective from the best leader from Mongol generation. Its according with Indonesians wisdom and be urgent agenda to reformula, because food distribution sector and political will of government is important factor in food political of a state. Keywords: Ghazan Khan, Sultan Alauddin Khidji, Food and market policy, Souvereignty of Indonesians Economic.

scholarly journals FAIR INMATE COACHING PATTERNS (A STUDY IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION OF KEDUNGPANE SEMARANG)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Achmad Sulchan ◽  
Akhmad Khisni ◽  
Aryani Witasari
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Correctional Institution ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Correctional System ◽  
Definition Of

Correctional Institutions have a very strategic task as the most potential place in realizing the objectives of punishment with coaching. However, this cannot be realized without the awareness of the inmates themselves. To realize this, the Correctional Institution functions as an educational institution that provides useful training for inmates to create, produce, and excel. They have the same opportunity as other community members to be able to contribute as active and productive community members in development. Inmate coaching must also be beneficial for the person concerned during his/her imprisonment at the Correctional Institution of Kedungpane, Semarang, and after completing the imprisonment, returning to the community. Thus, the fair coaching pattern of inmates is implemented with the correctional system and, basically, a situation/condition that allows for the realization of correctional objectives in accordance with the definition of coaching i.e. the process carried out by the Correctional Institution to inmates. For better and fairer coaching without any discrimination, the Corrections Institution should carry out its main duties as stipulated in the "Ten Correctional Principles". This study is based on the legal positivism concept, which states that norms are written, made and promulgated by state authorities, and uses a qualitative method to produce a description of the fair coaching pattern at the Correctional Institution of Kedungpane, Semarang.

scholarly journals Modelowanie układów sterowania z użyciem pochodnych ułamkowych

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Dec ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
System Theory ◽  
Control System ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Fractional Derivatives ◽  
System Control ◽  
Current State ◽  
Function Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
State Of Art

In the paper is presented review of some approaches corelated with subject of using fractional derivatives in control system theory. Popular algorithms used in the industry are presented, along with relating designing methodology. Using of fractional derivatives calculations is relatively new concept, but constantly getting increasing interest. Deliberation in recent years indicate that many scientific problems like thermodynamic or biology problems can be well considered and modeled by fractional order derivatives. On the market there is available tools that support a processes of identification and regulators designing, based on experimental data. One of such tools are toolbox CRONE for MATLAB, which contains three modules: mathematical, identifying, system control designing. That toolbox allows implementation of CRONE regulators with different level of complexity. Other tool is FOMCON, which also is a toolbox for MATLAB and it is based on already existed toolbox FOTF. FOMCON allows to identifying of control system and PIλDµ regulator designing. This article is aiming to present current state of art, discussion about existing tools and concepts correlated with fractional order derivatives and their usage in control system theory, like: gamma function, definition of fractional derivative, Laplace transform and basics of control system theory.

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