The Correction Academy

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Federal Funds ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Prison Guards

In the 1960s, the training of prison guards became an important issue among prison reformers and others seeking to improve correctional practices. Substantial federal funds were made available to state correction departments, and by 1973 a number of correction academies had been established.

Poverty, Punishment, and Public Assistance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Rymph
Keyword(s):  
Foster Care ◽  
Public Assistance ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Children Of Color ◽  
Federal Funds ◽  
Dependent Children ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

This chapter explores policy changes in the 1960s that for the first time allowed federal funds to be spent on board payments but which also made foster care a more punitive system, now firmly linked to public assistance, in which children of color were overrepresented. It looks particularly at the impact of the creation of Aid to Families with Dependent Children-Foster Care (AFDC-FC) in making foster care in this transition.

When the Meek Began to Roar

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-143
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Schatz
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York State ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Public Employees ◽  
York State ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
First Time ◽  
Prison Guards

During the 1960s, thousands of schoolteachers, nurses, sanitation workers, prison guards, firefighters, and police joined unions for the first time. Many of those workers defied the law by going on strike. This chapter explains how the Labor Board vets tried to mediate such strikes in New York City and then drafted new legislation for the public-sector employees in New York State. The Taylor Law enabled hundreds of thousands of public employees to unionize. But it did not stop strikes or slow wage and salary increases. On the contrary, relations between the public union employees, government agencies, and the public remained turbulent for years.

scholarly journals Brazil’s energy policies: An interview with Sérgio Rezende, former S&T minister

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
Guillermo Solórzano
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Education ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Federal Funds ◽  
Faculty Positions ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Time Faculty

Brazil is a newcomer in science and technology (S&T) because the country woke up to this area only in the last 40 years. Brazil’s scientific community was very small until the 1960s, when full-time faculty positions at universities and graduate programs were created. Investments in graduate education and research have been consistent since the 1970s, and the country currently has about 150,000 researchers, of which 85,000 have PhD degrees. In the last 10 years, federal funds for research and development (R&D) have been increased by a factor of 10. At the same time, a robust system has been structured to support R&D and technology innovation, and the legal framework has been improved to stimulate development in companies. According to former Minister of Science and Technology Sérgio Rezende (2005–2010), a materials researcher himself, Brazil is prepared within its research centers and industry for the energy challenges ahead.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Improving x-ray map resolution with image restoration techniques

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 598-599
Author(s):  
Richard B. Mott ◽  
John J. Friel ◽  
Charles G. Waldman
Keyword(s):  
Image Restoration ◽  
Hubble Space Telescope ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Small Object ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mapping Parameters ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Map Resolution

X-rays are emitted from a relatively large volume in bulk samples, limiting the smallest features which are visible in X-ray maps. Beam spreading also hampers attempts to make geometric measurements of features based on their boundaries in X-ray maps. This has prompted recent interest in using low voltages, and consequently mapping L or M lines, in order to minimize the blurring of the maps.An alternative strategy draws on the extensive work in image restoration (deblurring) developed in space science and astronomy since the 1960s. A recent example is the restoration of images from the Hubble Space Telescope prior to its new optics. Extensive literature exists on the theory of image restoration. The simplest case and its correspondence with X-ray mapping parameters is shown in Figures 1 and 2.Using pixels much smaller than the X-ray volume, a small object of differing composition from the matrix generates a broad, low response. This shape corresponds to the point spread function (PSF). The observed X-ray map can be modeled as an “ideal” map, with an X-ray volume of zero, convolved with the PSF. Figure 2a shows the 1-dimensional case of a line profile across a thin layer. Figure 2b shows an idealized noise-free profile which is then convolved with the PSF to give the blurred profile of Figure 2c.

Schools Will Not Lose Federal Funds in 2012–2013

ASHA Leader ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 2-2
Author(s):  
Neil Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Federal Funds

Physicians Seek Federal Funds to Finance EMRs

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
ALICIA AULT
Keyword(s):  
Federal Funds

Ways and Voices in the Psychoanalysis of Links According to Enrique Pichon-Rivière

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Jaitin
Keyword(s):  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Different Levels

This article covers several stages of the work of Pichon-Rivière. In the 1950s he introduced the hypothesis of "the link as a four way relationship" (of reciprocal love and hate) between the baby and the mother. Clinical work with psychosis and psychosomatic disorders prompted him to examine how mental illness arises; its areas of expression, the degree of symbolisation, and the different fields of clinical observation. From the 1960s onwards, his experience with groups and families led him to explore a second path leading to "the voices of the link"—the voice of the internal family sub-group, and the place of the social and cultural voice where the link develops. This brought him to the definition of the link as a "bi-corporal and tri-personal structure". The author brings together the different levels of the analysis of the link, using as a clinical example the process of a psychoanalytic couple therapy with second generation descendants of a genocide within the limits of the transferential and countertransferential field. Body language (the core of the transgenerational link) and the couple's absences and presence during sessions create a rhythm that gives rise to an illusion, ultimately transforming the intersubjective link between the partners in the couple and with the analyst.

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