IDEA’s Double Bind: A Synthesis of Disproportionality Policy Interpretations

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-412
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Sullivan ◽  
Daniel Osher
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Federal Policy ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Double Bind ◽  
School Systems ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Educational Problem ◽  
Federal Policies ◽  
Policies And Procedures

Disproportionality research has been subject to multiple reviews, but there has been less critical examination of the policy dimension of this enduring educational problem. Given the relevance of federal policies, and interpretations thereof, to educators’ and scholars’ conceptualization of disproportionality and schools’ resultant policies and practices, we provide a brief overview of disproportionality scholarship before focusing on its policy dimensions. We describe the role of federal policy and resultant interpretations to how disproportionality is addressed and our approach to identifying and synthesizing these interpretations. We then analyze the themes apparent in these interpretations: requirements for states’ numerical analysis of “significant disproportionality,” parameters for school systems’ allocation of resources for early intervening services when significant disproportionality is found, and schools’ obligations for nondiscriminatory application of policies and procedures. Finally, we distill implications for school policies, practices, and procedures. We close with discussion of implications for how disproportionality is conceptualized and studied.

Models of psychosocial care for patients and their families: the role of volunteers in supporting psychosocial needs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Psychosocial Needs ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
Effective Training ◽  
Support Programmes ◽  
Training And Support

Hospices have utilized volunteers in their work and mission in many ways over the past 50 years. Although there are a small number of positively evaluated projects, there remains little research which really proves the worth and effectiveness of utilising volunteers to support the psychological, social, and physical needs of those living with dying. This chapter introduces the challenges faced by hospices due to an historic lack of well organized services underpinned with effective training and support structures, as well as a lack of focus on successful strategic direction and the development of appropriate policies and procedures. The work of one hospice is highlighted; focussing on the need for change and critical examination as well as the development of training and support programmes. New developments such as supporting communities to accept their responsibilities to care for vulnerable people coming to the end of life are also presented.

Role of Different School Systems in Cognitive Abilities & Academic Achievement of Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
Sidra Iqbal ◽  
Mah Nazir Riaz
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
School System ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Secondary School Student ◽  
School Systems ◽  
Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Cambridge School

The present study compared cognitive abilities and academic achievement of adolescents studying in three different school systems namely Urdu medium schools, English medium schools, and Cambridge system schools. The sample comprised of 1001 secondary school student. Cognitive abilities were assessed by Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (1960) and marks obtained by the students in the last annual examination were used as an index of academic achievement. Results showed that cognitive abilities of the students were positively associated with academic achievement of the respondents. It was further found that cognitive abilities and academic achievement of students studying in Cambridge school system was better as compared to those studying in other systems. Post-hoc comparison revealed that level of academic achievement of Urdu medium schools was lower as compared to English medium and Cambridge system of schools. The findings suggest that difference in schooling system influenced cognitive abilities and academic achievement of the students. Results further demonstrated that gender was a significant predictor of academic achievement in both Urdu and English medium schools. Future implications of the study were also discussed.

Practices of inclusion for carers who are higher education students

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Taylor ◽  
Paula Gleeson ◽  
Tania Teague ◽  
Michelle DiGiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Policies And Procedures ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Students With A Disability ◽  
Crucial Part

The role of unpaid and informal care is a crucial part of the health and social care system in Australia and internationally. As carers in Australia have received statutory recognition, concerted efforts to foster engagement in carer participation in work and education has followed. However, little is known about the strategies and policies that higher education institutions have implemented to support the inclusion of carers. This study has three components: first, it employs a review of evidence for interventions to support to support carers; second, it reviews existing higher education institutions’ policies to gauge the extent of inclusive support made available to student carers, and; third it conducts interviews with staff from five higher education institutions with concerted carer policies in Australia were held to discuss their institutions’ policies, and experiences as practitioners of carer inclusion and support. Results indicate difficulty in identifying carers to offer support services, the relatively recent measures taken to accommodate carers in higher education, extending similar measures which are in place for students with a disability, and difficulties accommodating flexibility in rigid institutional settings. A synthesis of these findings were used to produce a framework of strategies, policies and procedures of inclusion to support carers in higher education.

KAUTILYA ON THE SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY OF ACCOUNTING, ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN AND THE ROLE OF ETHICS IN ANCIENT INDIA

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balbir S. Sihag
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Organizational Design ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Ancient India

Kautilya, a 4th century B.C.E. economist, recognized the importance of accounting methods in economic enterprises. He realized that a proper measurement of economic performance was absolutely essential for efficient allocation of resources, which was considered an important source of economic development. He viewed philosophy and political science as separate disciplines but considered accounting an integral part of economics. He specified a very broad scope for accounting and considered explanation and prediction as its proper objectives. Kautilya developed bookkeeping rules to record and classify economic data, emphasized the critical role of independent periodic audits and proposed the establishment of two important but separate offices - the Treasurer and Comptroller-Auditor, to increase accountability, specialization, and above all to reduce the scope for conflicts of interest. He also linked the successful enforcement of rules and regulations to their clarity, consistency and completeness. Kautilya believed that such measures were necessary but not sufficient to eliminate fraudulent accounting. He also emphasized the role of ethics, considering ethical values as the glue which binds society and promotes economic development.

Is Empathy Required for Making Moral Judgments?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Deigh
Keyword(s):  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Additional Support

This essay is a study of the nature of moral judgment. Its main thesis is that moral judgment is a type of judgment defined by its content and not its psychological profile. The essay arrives at this thesis through a critical examination of Hume’s sentimentalism and the role of empathy in its account of moral judgment. The main objection to Hume’s account is its exclusion of people whom one can describe as making moral judgments though they have no motivation to act on them. Consideration of such people, particularly those with a psychopathic personality, argues for a distinction between different types of moral judgment in keeping with the essay’s main thesis. Additional support for the main thesis is then drawn from Piaget’s theory of moral judgment in children.

scholarly journals Role of temperature in the numerical analysis of CaO under high pressure

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purvee Bhardwaj ◽  
Sadhna Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Properties ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Volume Change ◽  
Thermodynamical Properties ◽  
Phase Transition Pressure ◽  
Different Temperatures

AbstractIn this paper we focus on the elastic and thermodynamic properties of the B1 phase of CaO by using the modified TBP model, including the role of temperature. We have successfully obtained the phase transition pressure and volume change at different temperatures. In addition elastic constants and bulk modulus of B1 phase of CaO at different temperatures are discussed. Our results are comparable with the previous ones at high temperatures and pressures. The thermodynamical properties of the B1 phase of CaO are also predicted.

A review of the evidence to explain pharmacological basis of injection (ab)use of buprenorphine–naloxone tablets

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Tamoud Modak, MD, DM ◽  
Siddharth Sarkar, MD, MRCPsych ◽  
Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, MD
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Opioid Replacement Therapy ◽  
Pharmacological Basis

Opioid use disorder is a major public health problem, and opioid replacement therapy with buprenorphine (BPN) is a clinically effective and evidence-based treatment for it. To deter misuse of the tablet through the injecting route, BPN coformulated with naloxone (BNX) in 4:1 ratio is available in many countries. Despite this, significant diversion and injecting use of the BNX combination has been reported from across the world. In this article, the pharmacological properties of BPN and BNX and the evidence for their diversion are reviewed. Also, a critical examination is made of the evidence supporting the role of naloxone in reducing the agonist effects of BPN when used through the injecting route. Based on this evidence, a hypothesis explaining the continued diversion of BNX has been proposed.

scholarly journals The Role Of Buddhist Ethics And Communication In The Contemporary World Crisis

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Phramaha Pornchai Sripakdee
Keyword(s):  
Critical Examination ◽  
Buddhist Ethics ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
World Crisis

<p><em>In reality, man cannot live without communication; at least, he communicates something with himself, thoughts, for instance. In order to successfully communicate something as such, ethics concerning any kinds of communication should be taken into a critical examination; what kind of speech one should speak out, what kind of speech one should not speak out. In this article, an attempt was purposely made to discuss the role of Buddhist ethics and communication in the contemporary world crisis. In this, it is argued by Buddhist ethics that the communication should be subject to ethics because of man’s ideal life, without it, such communication will pose the danger to the chance in obtaining the goal, ideal life. </em></p>

scholarly journals MEASURED EDUCATION: SENSING, CONFIGURING AND INTERVENING WITH ADVANCED MEDIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Witzenberger ◽  
Kalervo Gulson ◽  
Sam Sellar ◽  
Ben Williamson ◽  
Elizabeth De Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Critical Education ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Data Practices ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Trade Shows ◽  
Genetic Form

Education has long been a space of in which knowledge was created through data practices. But the ongoing datafication and digitalisation has made new forms of datafied knowledge production within educational research possible. This new form of datafied knowledge creation has shifted the sites of expertise and the authority to create educational knowledge to a more-than-human network. This panel conceptually and empirically examines the possibilities and implications that arise from the entanglement of education with advanced media such as ubiquitous sensory environments, APIs, machine learning, and codes. The panel shows how the idea of measurable and re-configurable bodies of students is being performed and stabilized through trade shows and academic conferences; it moves towards a critical analysis of different applications of facial recognition in education and the role of doubt in machine learning methods; it shows the complex involvement of advanced learning analytics through a critical examination of interrelated studies in behavioural genetics and genoeconomics looking for associations between genes and educational outcomes through bioinformatic methods; and, it examines learning and living spaces that create a situation of ubiquitous sensation and explores interventions to disrupt the technical milieu. What connects these papers is more than the spaces, ideas and practices that surround education. All contributions look at datafied knowledge about human life – whether in behavioural, physiological, emotional, or genetic form. The panel aims to show what critical education research has adopted from other disciplines, but also show how it can contribute to the wider discourse around science, technology and society.

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