Media Use and Socioeconomic Status in a Latin American Capital

1963 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Mcnelly ◽  
Paul J. Deutschmann
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Media Use

scholarly journals Low socioeconomic status is associated with self-reported HIV positive status among young MSM in Brazil and Peru

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago S. Torres ◽  
Lara E. Coelho ◽  
Kelika A. Konda ◽  
E. Hamid Vega-Ramirez ◽  
Oliver A. Elorreaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Young Msm

Abstract Background Despite efforts to stop HIV epidemic in Latin America, new HIV cases continue to increase in the region especially among young MSM (YMSM). This study aims to assess if sociodemographic characteristics are associated with self-reported HIV positive status among YMSM from three Latin American countries. Methods Cross-sectional web-based survey advertised on dating apps (Grindr and Hornet) and Facebook in Brazil, Mexico and Peru. For this analysis, we included YMSM aged 18–24 years who self-reported their HIV status. We used multivariable logistic regression models for each country separately to verify if sociodemographic characteristics (race, education and income) were associated with HIV self-reported status after adjusting for behavior characteristics (sexual attraction and steady partner). Results Among 43,687 MSM who initiated the questionnaire, 27,318 (62.5%) reported their HIV status; 7001 (25.6%) of whom were YMSM. Most YMSM (83.4%) reported an HIV test in the past year, and 15.7% reported an HIV positive status in Peru, 8.4% in Mexico and 7.7% in Brazil. In adjusted models, low-income was associated with higher odds of self-reported HIV positive status in Brazil (aOR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.01–1.75) and Peru (aOR = 1.56, 95%CI: 1.02–2.40), but not in Mexico. Lower education was associated with higher odds of self-reported HIV positive status only in Brazil (aOR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.05–1.75). Conclusions In this large, cross-country study, self-reported HIV positive status among YMSM was high. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with higher odds of self-reported HIV positive status in Brazil and Peru. There is an urgent need for HIV prevention interventions targeting YMSM, and efforts to address low-income YMSM are especially needed in Peru and Brazil.

Conclusions

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-182
Author(s):  
Gustavo S.J. Morello
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Religious Landscape

This chapter examines what we learn from the religious experience of these Latin American respondents of lower socioeconomic status: religion as a relationship, and Latin American modernity as a construction that leaves room for a religious, spiritual presence. The chapter presents what respondents’ religious practices tell us about religion in general, the idea of religion as a relation, and a portrait of the Latin American religious landscape as “enchanted modernity.”

scholarly journals An Overview of Social Media Use in the Field of Public Health Nutrition: Benefits, Scope, Limitations, and a Latin American Experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny Mendoza-Herrera ◽  
Isabel Valero-Morales ◽  
Maria E. Ocampo-Granados ◽  
Hortensia Reyes-Morales ◽  
Fernanda Arce-Amaré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Public Health Nutrition ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
American Experience

Protest Issues and Political Inequality in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 1299-1323
Author(s):  
Nicolás M. Somma ◽  
Matías Bargsted ◽  
Felipe Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Behavior ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Political Field ◽  
Political Inequality ◽  
Socioeconomic Resources

Many studies reveal that socioeconomic resources increase protest participation, lending more political voice to the affluent and reinforcing preexisting political inequality. But existing studies ignore whether this holds across different protest issues. We argue that some issues reinforce political inequality, while other ones do not. We differentiate between survival protests—in which people react to direct threats to their material and social survival—and furtherance protests—which press authorities to make policy changes that seek to improve some aspect of society. Regression models with Latin American survey data show that people with higher socioeconomic status are overrepresented in furtherance protests, by implication reinforcing preexisting political inequality. However, survival protests attract people socioeconomically similar to national averages, contributing to a more balanced political field. Our results emphasize the need to reconsider the place of issues in the study of protest participation, political inequality, and political behavior in general.

Direct and Indirect Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Public Affairs Knowledge

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M. McLeod ◽  
Elizabeth M. Perse
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
News Media ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Perceived Utility ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lisrel Model

This study investigates the impact of socioeconomic status (SES), perceived utility indicators, and news media use on public affairs knowledge. A LISREL model was used to evaluate various theoretical arguments that have been used to account for public affairs knowledge. Results reveal that SES was significantly linked to knowledge through each of the aforementioned factors. In addition, we located a strong direct SES effect on public affairs knowledge.

scholarly journals General Intelligence and Socioeconomic Status as Strong Predictors of Student Performance in Latin American Schools: Evidence From PISA Items

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Flores-Mendoza ◽  
Ruben Ardila ◽  
Miguel Gallegos ◽  
Norma Reategui-Colareta
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Student Performance ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Short Version ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Performance Variation ◽  
American Schools ◽  
School Status

Numerous technical—scientific reports have demonstrated that student performance variability is linked to several factors, especially socioeconomic factors. For a century, differential psychology has shown that students’ socioeconomic level has little or no relevance in the explanation of student performance variation when the intellectual factor is considered. Here we present a study on a student samples (N = 1264) aged 13 to 16 yrs, enrolled in 32 schools from five Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Peru). A short version of the PISA test (composed by 16 items) and five cognitive measures were administered, in addition to a socioeconomic questionnaire. Multilevel analysis (marginal models) indicated that general intelligence (g-factor) and socioeconomic school status were robust predictors, and the students’ socioeconomic status very little accounted for the variation in the PISA test. This study concludes that education policy must incorporate individual differences in intelligence, beyond socioeconomic variables, as an important predictor variable in student performance studies.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic environment effect on inferential reasoning of Latin American students

Salud Mental ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Flores-Mendoza ◽  
◽  
Renan Benigno Saraiva ◽  
Gislene Clemente Vilela Câmara ◽  
Wilma M Guimarães Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inferential Reasoning ◽  
Environment Effect ◽  
Socioeconomic Environment ◽  
Reasoning Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
American Students ◽  
Latin American Students

Introduction. Inferential reasoning (IR) is a major component of intelligence, which comprises many different cognitive processes such as perception, memory, and logic. Many studies have proposed that socioeconomic status (SES) has a negligible association with IR, but more recent findings suggest that they may have a higher association when evaluating group instead of individual SES. Objective. The aim of this study is to test the effects of both individual (students) and group (schools) socioeconomic status on IR, comparing different countries of Latin America. Method. The sample was composed of 2 358 students aged 14 and 15 years from 52 different schools (44% public) of five Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Peru). Participants took part in an inferential reasoning test and answered a socioeconomic questionnaire. Results. SES student showed a small positive correlation with IR (r = .10, p < .001), while SES school had a more pronounced effect on IR (F [2, 1944] = 74.68, p < .001, ηp2 = .07), with higher IR at schools with higher SES. A significant difference of IR between countries (F [4, 1976] = 20.68, p < .001, ηp2 = .04), was also found with Peru showing the highest mean. Peru was the country with the higher percentage of private schools in the present study. A multilevel model was fitted using individual and group SES as predictors. Discussion and conclusion. Our findings showed that group SES have a higher predictive value of IR when compared to individual SES. This result suggests that individuals with low SES can benefit from studying on higher SES schools. Future research and the importance of public policies are discussed.

Towards rising inequalities in newspaper and television news consumption? A longitudinal analysis, 2000–2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Bergström ◽  
Jesper Strömbäck ◽  
Sofia Arkhede
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Television News ◽  
Motivational Factors ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
Media Environments ◽  
The Impact

The transformation from low- to high-choice media environments has triggered concerns of rising inequalities in news media use. This concern has been buttressed by research showing that motivational factors have become more important predictors of news media use. Less attention has been paid to how changes in media environments have altered the impact of socioeconomic status on news media use. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the changing impact of socioeconomic status on newspaper and television news consumption, empirically focussing on Sweden between 2000 and 2016. Among other things, results suggest that the impact of socioeconomic status on news media use has increased with respect to reading morning newspapers but decreased for reading tabloids and watching television news.

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