Gender, age and tenure as moderators of work-related stressors' relationships with job performance: A meta-analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (10) ◽  
pp. 1371-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie Shirom ◽  
Simona Shechter Gilboa ◽  
Yitzhak Fried ◽  
Cary L. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Related Stressors

scholarly journals Workplace Stress among Nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alqahtani Ibtesam Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Work Related Stressors

Worldwide, occupational stress among care professionals, nurses in particular, is a major concern in health care systems. Work stress in nursing is linked to high rates of job dissatisfaction, burnout, absenteeism, turnover, and stress-related illness, thus placing job performance among nurses’ and patients’ lives at risk. The purpose of this integrative review is to explore the concepts of occupational stress among nurses. Three main theoretical models are included to illustrate different viewpoints of occupational stress. Meta-analysis of the basic literature and the results of previous research are used. Findings from studies have shown that evaluations of nursing work environments reflect a strong link with burnout. The excessive workload of nursing professionals, complexity of patient care activities, poor organized work environments, and lack of leaders’ support are considered as contributing factor to the job stress which has resulted in providing unsafe care. The findings highlight that nurses frequently experience occupational stress due to the nature of the nursing profession. Thus, it is critical to implement effective organizational interventions to minimize work-related stressors and work performance of nurses. It is significant to have supportive working environments that encourage collaboration and empower nurses to provide excellent care and reduce work-related stressors.

A Meta-Analysis of the Interactive, Additive, and Relative Effects of Cognitive Ability and Motivation on Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad H. Van Iddekinge ◽  
Herman Aguinis ◽  
Jeremy D. Mackey ◽  
Philip S. DeOrtentiis
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Training Performance ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Motivation Interaction ◽  
Explained Variance

We tested the longstanding belief that performance is a function of the interaction between cognitive ability and motivation. Using raw data or values obtained from primary study authors as input (k = 40 to 55; N = 8,507 to 11,283), we used meta-analysis to assess the strength and consistency of the multiplicative effects of ability and motivation on performance. A triangulation of evidence based on several types of analyses revealed that the effects of ability and motivation on performance are additive rather than multiplicative. For example, the additive effects of ability and motivation accounted for about 91% of the explained variance in job performance, whereas the ability-motivation interaction accounted for only about 9% of the explained variance. In addition, when there was an interaction, it did not consistently reflect the predicted form (i.e., a stronger ability-performance relation when motivation is higher). Other key findings include that ability was relatively more important to training performance and to performance on work-related tasks in laboratory studies, whereas ability and motivation were similarly important to job performance. In addition, statelike measures of motivation were better predictors of performance than were traitlike measures. These findings have implications for theories about predictors of performance, state versus trait motivation, and maximal versus typical performance. They also have implications for talent management practices concerned with human capital acquisition and the prediction of employee performance.

scholarly journals Work-Related Stressors, Coping Strategies: Its Relation to Job Performance and Perceived Organizational Support among Critical Care Nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdia M. E. Morsy ◽  
Shaimaa M. A. Ebraheem
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Perceived Organizational Support ◽  
Staff Nurses ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Level ◽  
Work Related Stressors

Context: Work-related stressors are a world phenomenon. It results in a variety of diseases or disorders in terms of physical, psychological, and behavioral. It is commonly associated with jobs that require a lot of direct interactions with clients such as nurses that could affect nurses' job performance and cause high costs for the hospital. A problem needs a sense of support from the organization. Aim: The present study was aimed to assess work-related stressors, coping strategies, and its relation to job performance and perceived organizational support among critical care nurses. Methods: The study was conducted at Critical Care Units at Benha University Hospital. Subjects: All staff nurses (235) who working at Critical Care Units at Benha University Hospital.  A descriptive correlational design was utilized. Four tools were employed in this study, Work-Related Stressors Assessment Questionnaire, The Coping and Adaptation Processing Scale (CAPS), Nurses' job Performance evaluation (observational checklist), and Perceived Organizational Support Questionnaire. Results: This study's findings indicated that nearly three-fifths (60.4%) of staff nurses had a moderate level of the work-related stressor. Also, about two-thirds (63.90%) of them had a high level of coping strategies and, about two-thirds (65.90%) of staff nurses had a moderate level of perception of organizational support and nearly half (49.80%) of nurses had a low level of performance. Conclusions: The present study concluded that nurses reported a moderate perception level regarding work-related stressors and organizational support. While nurses reported a high level of coping strategies and a low level of job performance, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between the total score of work-related stressors and nurses' job performance. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between coping strategies and nurses' job performance. A statistically significant positive correlation was revealed between total perceived organizational support and total level of nurses' job performance. The study recommended that hospital administration organize seminars and workshops for nurses targeted at specific sources of stress like conflict resolution, workload, and time management. Efforts to improve nurses' performance must be performed, aiming to increase nurses' ability to complete tasks assigned to them through education and training.

Affectivity dispositions and work-related outcomes: A meta-analysis

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Ng ◽  
Jill A. Brown ◽  
Robert J. Vandenberg
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Work Related

scholarly journals Stigmatization from Work-Related COVID-19 Exposure: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6183
Author(s):  
Melanie Schubert ◽  
Julia Ludwig ◽  
Alice Freiberg ◽  
Taurai Monalisa Hahne ◽  
Karla Romero Starke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Study Protocols ◽  
Adequate Sampling ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Questionnaire Studies

Stigmatization from work-related COVID-19 exposure has not been investigated in detail yet. Therefore, we systematically searched three databases: Medline, Embase, and PsychInfo (until October 2020), and performed a grey literature search (until February 2021). We identified 46 suitable articles from 24 quantitative and 11 qualitative studies, 6 systematic reviews, 3 study protocols and 1 intervention. The assessment of stigmatization varied widely, ranging from a single-item question to a 22-item questionnaire. Studies mostly considered perceived self-stigma (27 of 35 original studies) in healthcare workers (HCWs) or hospital-related jobs (29 of 35). All articles reported on stigmatization as a result of work-related COVID-19 exposure. However, most quantitative studies were characterized by convenience sampling (17 of 24), and all studies—also those with an adequate sampling design—were considered of low methodological quality. Therefore, it is not possible to determine prevalence of stigmatization in defined occupational groups. Nevertheless, the work-related stigmatization of occupational groups with or without suspected contact to COVID-19 is a relevant problem and increases the risk for depression (odds ratio (OR) = 1.74; 95% confidence interval CI 1.29–2.36) and anxiety (OR = 1.64; 95% CI 1.18–2.28). For promoting workers’ health, anti-stigma strategies and support should be implemented in the workplace.

scholarly journals The relative importance of work-related and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support on global perceived stress in a cross-sectional population-based sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jes Bak Sørensen ◽  
Mathias Lasgaard ◽  
Morten Vejs Willert ◽  
Finn Breinholt Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Work Situation ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Related Stressors

Abstract Background High levels of perceived stress have a negative bearing on health and well-being, and stress is a major public health issue. According to the Stress Process Model, stressors are socially patterned and combine to produce strain. Despite this, most studies on stress have focused on work-related stressors leaving non-work determinants under-investigated. The aim of the present study was to determine the relative importance of work-related and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support for the overall perceived stress level. Methods Self-reported data were drawn from the 2017 population-based health survey “How are you?” conducted in the Central Denmark Region (N = 32,417). Data were linked with data drawn from national administrative registers. Work- and non-work-related stressors assessed included major life events, chronic stressors and daily hassles. Perceived social support was assessed using a single question. Overall perceived stress was assessed by the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale. We conducted dominance analyses based on a multiple linear regression model to determine the most important explanatory variables of overall perceived stress. Analyses were weighted and adjusted. Results Work- and non-work-related stressors along with perceived social support explained 42.5% of the total variance (R2) in overall perceived stress. The most important explanatory variables were disease, perceived social support and work situation. The stratified analyses produced slightly varying results (“dominance profiles”) of perceived stress between subgroups. Work situation was the most important explanatory variable in the employed group. However, adding non-work-related explanatory variables to the analysis tripled the explained variance. Conclusions The overall level of perceived stress can be statistically explained by a combination of work- and non-work-related stressors and perceived social support both at population level and in subgroups. The most important explanatory variables of overall perceived stress are disease, perceived social support and work situation. Results indicate that public health strategies aiming to reduce stress should take a comprehensive approach and address a variety of stressor domains rather than focus on a single domain. Trial registration The study was approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency (r. no. 2012-58-0006) and registered in the Central Denmark Region (r. no. 1-16-02-593-16).

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