scholarly journals Fiber orientation quantification utilizing X-ray micro-computed tomography

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832096255
Author(s):  
Jennifer M Sietins ◽  
Jessica C Sun ◽  
Daniel B Knorr Jr
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Orientation Data ◽  
Orientation Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
X Ray Computed

It is well known that the mechanical performance of composite materials is highly dependent on the fiber orientation. Several techniques have historically been used to quantify fiber orientation experimentally. Newer methods have involved 3 D X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans due to the high resolution that is now achievable within a laboratory setting. The accuracy of the analysis, however, is a function of the resulting scan image quality and the specific parameters influencing the resulting orientation analysis. This report summarizes a methodology to quantify fiber orientation from 3 D CT scans. Optimal scanning parameters are presented taking into account both the necessary resolution, geometric unsharpness, and the scan volume size. The influence of varied software analysis parameters and their effects on the resulting orientation data is discussed. The selection of software analysis parameters was independently validated with optical microscopy on a sample with only two fibers. Lastly, the orientation analysis was applied to a 0/+45/−45/90 composite to demonstrate this technique on a larger scale.

X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY STUDIES OF PREHISTORIC CERAMIC ARTIFACTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 1460135
Author(s):  
CARMEN PAVEL ◽  
FLORIN CONSTANTIN ◽  
COSMIN IOAN SUCIU ◽  
ROXANA BUGOI
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Internal Configuration ◽  
Non Destructive

X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is a powerful non-destructive technique that can yield interesting structural information not discernible through visual examination only. This paper presents the results of the CT scans of four objects belonging to the Romanian cultural heritage attributed to the Vinča, Cucuteni and Cruceni-Belegiš cultures. The study was performed with an X-ray tomographic device developed at the Department for Applied Nuclear Physics from Horia Hulubei National Institute for Nuclear Physics and Engineering in Măgurele, Romania. This apparatus was specially designed for archaeometric studies of low-Z artifacts: ceramic, wood, bone. The tomographic investigations revealed the internal configuration of the objects and provided information about the degree to which the previous manipulations affected the archaeological items. Based on the X-ray images resulting from the CT scans, hints about the techniques used in the manufacturing of the artifacts were obtained, as well as some indications useful for conservation/restoration purposes.

scholarly journals A New Validation Methodology for In Silico Tools Based on X-ray Computed Tomography Images of Tablets and a Performance Analysis of One Tool

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1488
Author(s):  
Sebastian Bollmann ◽  
Peter Kleinebudde
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
In Silico Tools

In silico tools which predict the dissolution of pharmaceutical dosage forms using virtual matrices can be validated with virtual matrices based on X-ray micro-computed tomography images of real pharmaceutical formulations. Final processed images of 3 different tablet batches were used to check the performance of the in silico tool F-CAD. The goal of this work was to prove the performance of the software by comparing the predicted dissolution profiles to the experimental ones and to check the feasibility and application of the validation concept for in silico tools. Both virtual matrices based on X-ray micro-computed tomography images and designed by the software itself were used. The resulting dissolution curves were compared regarding their similarity to the experimental curve. The kinetics were analysed with the Higuchi and Korsmeyers–Peppas plot. The whole validation concept as such was feasible and worked well. It was possible to identify prediction errors of the software F-CAD and issues with the virtual tablets designed within the software.

Region-of-Interest X-Ray Tomography for the Non-Destructive Characterization of Local Fiber Orientation in Large Fiber Composite Parts

2019 ◽  
Vol 809 ◽  
pp. 587-593
Author(s):  
Simon Zabler ◽  
Katja Schladitz ◽  
Kilian Dremel ◽  
Jonas Graetz ◽  
Dascha Dobrovolskij
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Local Fiber

To detect and characterize materials defects in fiber composites as well as for evaluatingthe three-dimensional local fiber orientation in the latter, X-ray micro-CT is the preferred methodof choice. When micro computed tomography is applied to inspect large components, the method isreferred to as region-of-interest computed tomography. Parts can be as large as 10 cm wide and 1 mlong, while the measurement volume of micro computed tomography is a cylinder of only 4 − 5 mmdiameter (typical wall thickness of fiber composite parts). In this report, the potentials and limits ofregion-of-interest computed tomography are discussed with regard to spatial resolution and precisionwhen evaluating defects and local fiber orientation in squeeze cast components. The micro computedtomography scanner metRIC at Fraunhofer‘s Development Center X-ray Technology EZRT deliversregion-of-interest computed tomography up to a spatial resolution of 2 μm/voxel, which is sufficientfor determining the orientation of natural or synthetic fibers, wood, carbon and glass. The mean localfiber orientation is estimated on an isotropic structuring element of approximately 0.1 mm length bymeans of volume image analysis (MAVI software package by Fraunhofer ITWM). Knowing the exactlocal fiber orientation is critical for estimating anisotropic thermal conductivity and materials strength.

Advances in High-Resolution X-Ray Computed Tomography: Comparing the Latest in Cabinet-based Micro-Computed Tomography Technologies and Synchrotron Radiation-Based Tomography Beamlines

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (S2) ◽  
pp. 576-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rudolph ◽  
A. Williams ◽  
O. Brunke
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

Extended abstract of a paper presented at Microscopy and Microanalysis 2012 in Phoenix, Arizona, USA, July 29 – August 2, 2012.

scholarly journals The influence of defects at the steel/concrete interface for pitting corrosion initiation studied through X-ray Computed Tomography and image analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 289 ◽  
pp. 10011
Author(s):  
Emanuele Rossi ◽  
Timo Nijland ◽  
Oğuzhan Çopuroğlu ◽  
Rob Polder ◽  
Branko Šavija
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Concrete Interface

Although corrosion of reinforcement is a well-known issue for the construction industry, there are still open questions about some fundamentals of corrosion in reinforced concrete. These points include, among others, which are the most sensitive locations of the steel/concrete interface for pitting corrosion to initiate and to propagate. In this study, X-ray computed tomography (CT-scan) is used to characterize eight 20-years-old reinforced concrete cores naturally deteriorated due to chloride-induced corrosion. The volume loss due to corrosion of the reinforcement was quantified through image analysis of CT-scans. The volume loss of the steel was found to be higher for steel rebars embedded in Portland cement specimens rather than in blended cement specimens. Furthermore, CT-scans revealed that the deepest and most frequent corrosion pits, as well as the consequent highest volume loss of steel, were present at the portion of the reinforcement closer to the outdoor environment and in proximity to air voids at the steel/concrete interface. As a consequence, the highest decrease of structural performance of the rebars would be likely localized at those locations. Therefore, the presence of interfacial air voids should be considered as relevant factor when assessing the risk of corrosion of reinforced concrete structures.

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