A parameterized unit cell model for 3D braided composites considering transverse braiding angle variation

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110539
Author(s):  
Weijie Zhang ◽  
Shibo Yan ◽  
Ying Yan ◽  
Yiding Li
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Unit Cell Model ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Angle Variation ◽  
3D Braided Composites ◽  
Braiding Angle

In this paper, a parameterized unit cell model for 3D braided composites considering transverse braiding angle variation is proposed, to assist the mechanical characterization of such materials. According to the geometric characteristics of 3D braided composites, a method for automatically generating textile geometries based on practical braiding parameters, including the main braiding angle, the transverse braiding angle, and the fiber volume fraction, is established and implemented in a CAD software package. In this model, the addition of transverse braiding angle educes a more flexible control of fiber volume fraction distribution, and with the combination of control parameters according to the actual fiber distribution needs of users, it can suggest the appropriate parameters for the unit cell. The generated unit cell models are used in finite element analysis and the results are validated against experiments for a number of 3D braided composites in terms of fiber volume fraction and elastic constants, and good agreement is observed. Based on the parameterized unit cell model, the effects of main braiding parameters on the elastic properties of 3D braided composites are discussed.

scholarly journals Parametric characteristics analysis of three cells in 3D and five-directional annular braided composites

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0254691
Author(s):  
Weiliang Zhang ◽  
Xupeng Wang ◽  
Xiaomin Ji ◽  
Xinyao Tang ◽  
Fengfeng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volume Content ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Braiding Angle

On the basis of analyzing the movement law of 3D circular braided yarn, the three-cell model of 3D five-direction circular braiding composite material is established. By analyzing the node position relationship in various cell models, the calculation formulas of braiding angle, cell volume, fiber volume and fiber volume content in various cell models are obtained. It is found that there are four different braiding angles in four internal cells, and the braiding angles in internal cells gradually increase from inside to outside. The braiding angles of upper and lower surface cells are approximately equal. With the increase of the length of the knuckles, the braiding angles of each cell decrease, and the braiding angles of the four inner cells decrease greatly, while the braiding angles of upper and lower surfaces decrease slightly. The results of parametric analysis showed that with the increase of the length of the knuckles and the inner diameter of cells, the mass of cells increased proportionally, while the total fiber volume content of cells decreased. With the increase of braiding yarn number and axial yarn number, the unit cell mass decreases in direct proportion, and the unit cell total fiber volume content increases. Through the research results of this paper, the geometrical characteristics of the cell model under different braided parameters can be obtained, which greatly improves the analysis efficiency.

A novel geometric model of four-directional 3D braided preforms

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372091885
Author(s):  
Zunjarrao Kamble ◽  
Bijoya K Behera
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Unit Cell Model ◽  
Braiding Angle ◽  
Good Agreement

The present research reports the geometric model of four-directional 3D (4D3D) braided preform developed on four-step 3D braiding machine which consists of even and an equal number of yarn carriers in the rows and columns, respectively, on machine bed. The yarn path within the unit cell of the preform was analyzed to establish the correlation between surface braiding angle and interior braiding angle. A single unit cell model approach was used to predict the fibre volume fraction of the preform. It has been observed that the number of yarn carriers in the rows and columns is a critical parameter to decide the geometry of 4D3D braided preform. The fibre volume fraction predicted by the present model was compared with the three-unit cell model, multi-unit cell model and experimental results. A good agreement was observed between model computed results and experimental results.

Permeability models of 0°/45° alternating multilayer fabrics considering the effect of layer shift

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Feng
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Local Permeability ◽  
Out Of Plane

In this paper, the effect of layer shifting on out-of-permeability of 0°/45° alternating multilayer fabrics was studied. Three mathematical models with three extreme structures were developed to predict the out-of-plane permeability, respectively. By segmenting the unit cell into several different zones according to characteristic yarn arrangement, the global permeability was modeled by using a rule of mixture of local permeability. The influences of local permeability of each zone on the global value of unit cell were carefully researched. In addition, experimental measurements of the permeability were carried out to validate the analytical models. And the differences of the results of three extreme structures with respect to fiber volume fraction were also investigated.

A New 3-D Unit Cell Model Used in Homogenization Estimation of Effective Properties of Particle-Filled Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1269-1273
Author(s):  
Yong Ouyang ◽  
Xiao Ling Hu ◽  
Xiu Liu ◽  
Wen Bo Luo
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Effective Properties ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Particle Volume Fraction ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Effective Elastic Modulus ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Unit Cell Model ◽  
Particle Volume ◽  
Periodic Microstructures

A new 3D unit cell model is developed for homogenization calculation of composites containing randomly dispersed ellipsoid inclusions. The new unit cell is constructed using the Ansys Parameter Design Language (APDL), taking the inclusion volume fraction, inclusion orientation and spatial dispersion as variables. A series of unit cells containing multiple ellipsoids, showing random distributions in particle size and position, were constructed and used for finite element calculation at microscale, the effective modulus of the composites with periodic microstructures, which modeled by the unite cells, were then estimated by homogenization. The influences of particle volume fraction and the particle stiffness on the effective elastic modulus of the composites were examined. The estimated results were compared with different particle volume fractions were calculated, and the calculated data was compared with other classic models.

Microstructure analysis and solid unit cell modeling of three dimensionally six-directional braided composites

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1257-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Xu ◽  
Xiaomei Qian ◽  
Liming Xu
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Microstructure Analysis ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Unit Cell Model ◽  
Microstructure Parameters ◽  
Braiding Angle

A new solid unit cell model is developed based on the microstructure analysis of three-dimensional (3D) six-directional braided composite (6DBC) produced by four-step 1 × 1 procedures in this research. First, the volume control method is applied to analyze the spatial movement traces of yarns. Then the microstructure configuration and squeezing condition of yarns is analyzed in detail by the mathematical modeling. The relationships between the microstructure parameters of unit cell and the braiding process parameters are derived. The parametrical solid unit cell model for modeling the microstructure of 6DBC is established. Finally, the main microstructure parameters of specimens are calculated to validate the effectiveness of the model. The predicted results agree well with the available experimental data. In addition, the squeezing conditions of the braiding yarns and the axial yarns are analyzed in detail, respectively. The variations of the key microstructure parameters with the braiding angle are discussed. Results indicate that the parametrical unit cell model has provided a better understanding of the relationship between the microstructure and the braiding process parameters for 3D 6DBC.

Experimental Researches on the Mechanical Properties of Three Dimensional Multidirectional Braided Composites

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 1237-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Sun ◽  
Jia Lu Li ◽  
Li Chen ◽  
Ying Shao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Cut Edge ◽  
Short Beam ◽  
Beam Shear ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Braiding Angle

This paper investigated the mechanical properties and the relationships between fiber architecture and the composites properties of three-dimensional multidirectional braided composites made of Toray@T700 carbon fiber impregnated with TDE 86# epoxy resin using RTM. The strength and stiffness properties measured here include tension, compression, flexure and short beam shear, all of these in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. It is found that the 3D six-directional braided composites with 55 % fiber volume fraction and 25°surface braiding angle represent quasi-isotropic in-plane elastic behaviors due to their symmetric, intertwined architecture and unidirectional reinforcements in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. Compared with the tension strength and modulus, those for compressions in the same directions descend near 40% and 10% respectively. The cut-edge on the width destroys the integrity of microstructure and inevitably cuts down the carrying capacity of composites under the longitudinal tension.

Establishing RVE model composed of dry fibers and matrix for 3D four-directional braided composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (14) ◽  
pp. 1917-1931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Zhang ◽  
Dianyin Hu ◽  
Rongqiao Wang ◽  
Yuqi Zeng ◽  
Chongdu Cho
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Numerical Application ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Good Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Braiding Angle

Traditional representative volume element (RVE) model composed of impregnated yarns and surrounding matrix for the 3D four-directional braided composites, requires periodic mesh in order to impose periodic boundary condition, which is quite challenging and time-consuming due to complex internal mesoscopic architecture. In this regard, this study presents a novel approach to establish a parametric RVE model comprised of dry fibers and matrix through integrating Matlab with Abaqus. The technique is able to produce RVE models of arbitrary braiding angle, fiber volume fraction, etc. by simply changing the input values for the Matlab procedure. Based on this, finite element analysis is performed on the proposed model to predict tensile modulus of the 3D four-directional braided composites and examine the influence of mesoscopic geometry and material parameters. Numerical application demonstrates that this technique has good prediction accuracy for the small braiding angle case while great deviation for the big braiding angle case. In the end, the technique’s advantages and disadvantages over the traditional RVE model, and its potential applications are discussed.

A Study of Anisotropic Creep Behaviour of a 9CrMoNbV Weld Metal Using Damage Analyses with a Unit Cell Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 219 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
T H Hyde ◽  
W Sun
Keyword(s):  
Weld Metal ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Creep Behaviour ◽  
Creep Damage ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Unit Cell Model ◽  
Anisotropic Creep

The deformations and failure life ratios, obtained from creep damage analyses using a ‘unit cell’ model, are used to describe the ‘bulk’ anisotropic creep behaviour of a 9CrMoNbV weld metal. The model consists of a columnar region and a weaker equiaxed (fine-grained and coarse-grained) region, and is based on the assumption that the structure of the weld metal has a regular geometric pattern. The creep damage analyses were conducted using a single-variable Kachanov type damage law, for which the material constants are based on experimental data. The bulk material ‘uniaxial’ creep rupture lives in the three principal directions were investigated taking account of the effects of the length to width ratio of the unit cell, the material property mismatch for the two regions, and the volume fraction of the columnar region. Results from the analyses indicate that the predicted failure modes are the same as those observed in an experimental study of the weld metal.

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