Heroin-Based Treatment

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Ilja Michels
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

This article describes the history of the heated legal controversy in Germany about prescribing medicinal narcotics. The professional corporations of medical doctors have claimed a right to govern the interpretation and definition of legal terms and for a long time resisted the clinical insights and practical experience about maintenance treatment that had been gathered from abroad. The next logical step was to prescribe heroin – also formerly a licensed medication – in cases where methadone was not accepted or physically tolerated by patients. Slowly the social and political taboos against providing narcotic maintenance to addicts have been removed. The author addresses the question of whether prescribing heroin to addicts can reduce health and social problems and improve the client's quality of life.

scholarly journals Well-being, capabilities and philosophical practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-120
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bulatovic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Philosophical Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unique Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Assess Quality

The concept of well being has become the main criterion to assess quality of life in contemporary society. Individual well-being describes the individual quality of life, while social well-being refers to quality of life in a society. Given that well-being has a multitude of dimensions, a unique definition of it is elusive to scholars. In this article social well-being is conceptualised as a dynamic process within the context set by social integration as one?s relationship to society and the community. This includes the quality of interaction between the individual and society and one?s ?social actualisation? understood as the realisation of one?s social capacities. Social actualisation also involves one?s ability to influence social processes and to benefit from social cohesion, which consists, in any society, of the quality, organisation and functioning of the social world. Hence the ability to impact society is an integral part of individual well being. This paper suggests that philosophical practice as a new paradigm in the humanities holds out promise for the improvement of both individual and social well-being.

Reflections on Writing a History of Women Teachers

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Women Teachers ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Feminist History ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

In this article, Kathleen Weiler reflects on the historiography of Country Schoolwomen, her recent study of women teachers in rural California. Using a broad definition of feminist research, Weiler summarizes some of the most salient issues currently under debate among feminist scholars. She raises questions about the nature of knowledge, the influence of language in the social construction of gender, and the importance of an awareness of subjectivity in the production of historical evidence. Using several cases from Country Schoolwomen, Weiler discusses the importance of considering the conditions under which testimony is given, both in terms of the dominant issues of the day — for example, the way womanliness or teaching is presented in the authoritative discourse — and the relationship between speaker and audience. She concludes that a feminist history that begins with a concern with the constructed quality of evidence moves uneasily between historical narrative and a self-conscious analysis of texts.

A-80 Psychosocial Functioning in Pediatric Anti-MOG Associated Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1125
Author(s):  
Erin E Kennedy ◽  
Ana Hernandez ◽  
Benjamin Greenberg ◽  
Patricia Plumb ◽  
Cynthia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Transverse Myelitis ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD) is a newly recognized demyelinating disorder, most commonly associated with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), optic neuritis and/or transverse myelitis. Given that psychosocial problems have previously been noted in individuals with demyelinating disorders, including ADEM, the primary aims of this study were to examine psychosocial functioning in patients with MOGAD and explore differences between subjects with a history of ADEM and those without. Method Thirty-two subjects with MOGAD (M age = 10.57; ADEM = 59.4%) and their caregivers completed questionnaires (Behavior Assessment Scales for Children, Pediatric Quality of Life, Educational History Form) to assess psychosocial functioning including externalizing (EXT) and internalizing behaviors (INT), quality of life (QOL), and academic performance. Results Overall, caregiver-ratings of internalizing and externalizing behaviors were not significantly different from the normative mean (EXT: p = 0.307; INT: p = 0.775). Caregiver and self-rated QOL was significantly below the normative mean for school and social functioning (p = < 0.05), as was self-rated emotional functioning (p = 0.026). Further analysis did not reveal significant differences between subjects who had ADEM vs. those who did not across caregiver ratings or academic performance. Self-ratings revealed significantly more social problems for subjects with a history of ADEM (p = 0.018). Conclusions MOGAD may be associated with few caregiver-reported behavioral or emotional problems. While pediatric patients with MOGAD are noted to have academic and social problems per caregiver report, self-report further indicates problems with emotional QOL and greater risk of social problems for those with a history of ADEM. Additional research is needed to further understand the psychosocial features associated with MOGAD.

scholarly journals Quality of life and public space in the processes of urban renewal—selected concepts and debate topics

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-29
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Anioł
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Developed World

The aim of the article is to show the relationship between the aspirations to improve the quality of life and improve social relations and the undertakings serving the renovation of urban spaces. In the first part of the text—after formulating more general remarks about the social significance of space—a few of the concepts of town modernization implemented in the modern history of the developed world (Cerdá, Haussmann, Le Corbusier) are presented, while pointing out their most often ambivalent social results. Attention to the latter has been paid by, among others, critics of modernism and supporters of alternative visions (Jacobs, representatives of the new urbanism, advocates of the ideas of a socially cohesive or fair-shared city, etc.). As the national empirical illustration, the author then characterizes the case of urban and social changes taking place in the last two decades in the Powiśle district of Warsaw. Their effect, regardless of the general benefits of modernization and the desired and long-awaited approximation of the capital to the river, are also controversial, often critically evaluated gentrification processes.

scholarly journals The Social Dimensions of Listening to Music

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Váradi
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Constructs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Choice

Cultural heritage is a socially created and interpreted narrative, which becomes interpretable through cultural transfer (Sagrillo, 2018). The role of culturally creative communities in shaping and maintaining cultural constructs has always been decisive. Lasting values are determined by cultural choice. Through crossing cultural and historical boundaries, music a deeply coded discourse establishes communication at all times. The experience and emotional effects produced by music are based on previous experiences, emotional reactions, and memories. The art of listening to music has always been governed by the social norms and etiquette of the period, which also dictate the nature and quality of reception. The history of listening to music has, however, enjoyed little academic attention. Since it is an unobservable and amorphous phenomenon, it was defined as a natural receptive process for a long time. Only in recent decades has the question come into focus as various disciplines have explored short-term and long-term transformative processes to reveal the effect of social, political, and economic characteristics of several eras. Keywords: listening to music, musical experience, receiving competence, concert

scholarly journals A Case of Stiffperson Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
Mamdouh H. Kalakatawi ◽  
Nusrat Aziz ◽  
Norhan A. K. Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Ivig Therapy ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Paraspinal Muscles ◽  
History Of

Stiffperson syndrome (SPS) is one of the rarest neurological disorders. It is an autoimmune disease with antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase - enzyme needed to produce neurotransmitter GABA. This disease is very debilitating and fatal if not managed in time. A 32-year-old man presented with stiffness of abdominal and thoracolumbar paraspinal muscles first noticed 10 months back. There was history of jerkiness of hands. After excluding other mimicking conditions like multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism and axial dystonia, a diagnosis of Stiffperson syndrome was made. Treatment with IVIG therapy along with anti-spasticity drugs resulted in improved patient outcome. SPS is potentially treatable though cannot be cured. Not one treatment fits all patients with SPS and may have to be tailored according to the clinical manifestations. Increasing awareness in medical doctors and identifying the disease early can help the patients escape the disabling effects of SPS and improve the quality of life.

Social Morbidity in Relation to Bowel Functional Outcomes and Quality of Life in Anorectal Malformations and Hirschsprung's Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (06) ◽  
pp. 522-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malla Neuvonen ◽  
Mikko Pakarinen ◽  
Risto Rintala ◽  
Kristiina Kyrklund
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Hirschsprung's Disease ◽  
Hirschsprung’S Disease ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
The Social

Background Anorectal malformations (ARMs) and Hirschsprung's disease (HD) are chronic bowel conditions associated with varying degrees of fecal incontinence. We aimed to discuss the contemporary status of social morbidity associated with ARMs and HD in the long term after contemporary treatments. Materials and Methods The bowel functional outcomes of our recent institutional series up to adulthood were reviewed and compared for ARMs and HD. The Rintala score was used to evaluate bowel function, which includes an assessment of the social effects of the condition. In this study, the social outcomes in our population of patients with ARMs and HD were specifically analyzed in relation to the surveyed functional outcomes, our previously collected data on quality of life (QoL) and the current literature. Results Mild ARMs were associated with a minimal risk of social morbidity consistent with good outcomes. In severe ARMs and HD, social problems were reported steadily among all age groups studied. Impairment of domains of fecal control were present among 53 to 89% of patients with social problems, including frequent symptoms (>1/week) in up to 39%. Involuntary gas leakage contributed to social morbidity in 15 to 27%. Comparison with QoL data suggested that social morbidity experienced during childhood may continue to affect emotional domains of QoL in later life, despite improvements in bowel function by adulthood. Conclusion Patients with severe ARMs and HD are at risk of social restrictions from impairment of bowel function despite contemporary surgical treatments. However, the QoL outcomes in adulthood may be more influenced by self-perceptions of illness formed from childhood than disease-specific factors. Strategies to reduce the psychological morbidity associated with these conditions that includes parental involvement from the outset may improve outcomes.

Towards the digital land reclamation

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Sergey Vasil'ev ◽  
Vyacheslav Schedrin ◽  
Aleksandra Slabunova ◽  
Vladimir Slabunov
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Optimal Management ◽  
Scientific Potential ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Full Cooperation

The aim of the research is a retrospective analysis of the history and stages of development of digital land reclamation in Russia, the definition of «Digital land reclamation» and trends in its further development. In the framework of the retrospective analysis the main stages of melioration formation are determined. To achieve the maximum effect of the «digital reclamation» requires full cooperation of practical experience and scientific potential accumulated throughout the history of the reclamation complex, and the latest achievements of science and technology, which is currently possible only through the full digitalization of reclamation activities. The introduction of «digital reclamation» will achieve greater potential and effect in the modernization of the reclamation industry in the «hightech industry», through the use of innovative developments and optimal management decisions.

A Futures Study on the Quality Of Life from the Point Of View of Iranian Youth

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sina Saeedy ◽  
Mojtaba Amiri ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Zolfagharzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Rahim Eyvazi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Futures Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University

Quality of life and satisfaction with life as tightly interconnected concepts have become of much importance in the urbanism era. No doubt, it is one of the most important goals of every human society to enhance a citizen’s quality of life and to increase their satisfaction with life. However, there are many signs which demonstrate the low level of life satisfaction of Iranian citizens especially among the youth. Thus, considering the temporal concept of life satisfaction, this research aims to make a futures study in this field. Therefore, using a mixed model and employing research methods from futures studies, life satisfaction among the students of the University of Tehran were measured and their views on this subject investigated. Both quantitative and qualitative data were analysed together in order to test the hypotheses and to address the research questions on the youth discontentment with quality of life. Findings showed that the level of life satisfaction among students is relatively low and their image of the future is not positive and not optimistic. These views were elicited and discussed in the social, economic, political, environmental and technological perspectives. Keywords:  futures studies, quality of life, satisfaction with life, youth

Assessment of multimorbidity of diseases in geriatric practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Mark Oprenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
The Core ◽  
Definition Of

The definition of the multimorbidity concept reveals insufficient specificity of the comorbidity and multimorbidity definitions and, as a result, confusion in the use of these terms. Most authors are unanimous that the “core” of multimorbidity is presence of more than one disease in a patient. These coexisting diseases can be pathogenetically interconnected and non-interconnected. Regardless, the degree of multimorbidity always affects prognosis and quality of life.

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