scholarly journals Filmic Therapeutic Encounters and Resistance: Silence, Forgetting, and Guilt in the Face of Historical Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 002216782110100
Author(s):  
Aylin Basaran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Collective Trauma ◽  
Memory And Trauma ◽  
The Face ◽  
Therapeutic Encounters

Mental disorder and therapeutic encounters are central aspects of three films that were groundbreaking in addressing collective trauma in the aftermath of slavery, colonialism, or genocide: Peele’s GET OUT (USA), Ruhorahoza’s GREY MATTER (Rwanda) and Mhando and Mulvihill’s MAANGAMIZI—THE ANCIENT ONE (Tanzania/USA). Recurring to theories of collective memory and trauma, the article assumes that asymmetric historical violence causes a crisis of reason among the victims, and that the affective dream-like technique of film has the potential to make unutterable mental conditions explicit and relatable without trivializing their complexities. Oppression is usually perpetuated by an alliance of domination with forgetting, silencing, and a sense of guilt, inflicted on the victims who are thereupon labeled as overly sensitive, moronic, or insane. The films depict mental conditions caused by collective trauma which are expressed by haunting memories, ancestral visions, or victims being possessed by their oppressors. A central element is the depiction of problematic therapeutic encounters which may be abusive, manipulative or turn the patient–therapist relation upside down. By challenging notions of therapy and critically addressing its potential embeddedness in power relations, it is argued, the films themselves serve as a form of postcolonial therapy and empowerment.

scholarly journals Re-living a Common Future in the Face of Ecological Disaster: Exploring (Elements of) Guarani and Kaiowá Collective Memories, Political Imagination, and Critiques

Human Arenas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Normann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Political Imagination ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Ecological Disaster ◽  
The Face ◽  
Group Interviews

AbstractHow to re-member a fragmented world while climate change escalates, and green growth models reproduce coloniality, particularly in Indigenous territories? What can be the concrete contributions from different scholarly disciplines to a broader decolonial project? These questions are debated by decolonial scholars who call to re-think our practices within academic institutions and in the fields that we study. This article contributes with a decolonial perspective to sociocultural psychology and studies on Indigenous knowledges about climate change. Through ethnographic methods and individual and group interviews, I engage with indigenous Guarani and Kaiowá participants’ knowledges and practices of resilience opposing green growth models in the Brazilian state Mato Grosso do Sul. Their collective memory of a different past, enacted through narratives, rituals, and social practices, was fundamental to imagine different possible futures, which put in motion transformation processes. Their example opens a reflection about the possibilities in connecting sociocultural psychology’s work on collective memory and political imagination to the broader decolonial project, in supporting people’s processes of re-membering in contexts of adverse conditions caused by coloniality and ecological disaster.

scholarly journals MEMÓRIA, HISTÓRIA E RELAÇÕES DE PODER * MEMORY, HISTORY AND POWER RELATIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Sonale Diane Pastro de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Gabriela Silva Martins da Cunha Marinho
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Military Regime ◽  
American System ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Military ◽  
Change Memory

<p><strong>Resumo:</strong> Superado o regime militar, o Brasil tornou-se signatário de acordos internacionais de defesa e promoção dos direitos humanos. Apesar disso, até recentemente, o país negligenciou princípios e fundamentos da justiça de transição previstos pelo Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos, entre eles, o direito à verdade, fato que o coloca à margem daquele Sistema. O artigo pontua aspectos políticos da transição-redemocratização política que podem explicar o adiamento da instalação da Comissão Nacional da Verdade no país, criada somente em 2011, e acentua também o caráter contraditório do processo. Especificamente, a análise assinala o fato de que ao transitar da memória para a história, como pretensamente fazem as comissões da verdade, os indivíduos que se aventuram no registro histórico estarão manejando e interferindo na memória coletiva, na percepção e na identidade da qual fazem parte, o que transforma memória em poder.   <br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Palavras-chaves:</strong> Comissão da Verdade; Memória; Relações de Poder; Direitos Humanos; Democracia.  </p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Overcoming the military regime, Brazil has become signatory of the international defense agreements and promotion of human rights. Yet, until recently, the country has neglected to foundations of transitional justice provided for the Inter-American System of Human Rights, between them, the right of truth, fact that stands aside that system. The article points out political aspects of transitional policy re-democratization which may explain the setting up progress of the National Truth Committee in the country, created only in 2011, and also emphasizes the contradictory procedure. Specifically, the analysis indicates the fact that going through memory to history, the way supposedly the Truth Committees do, the individuals who venture into a historical record will be managing and interfering in the collective memory, perception and identity from which they take part and change memory into power.  <br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> The Truth Committee, Memory and Power Relations, Human Rights, Democracy.<strong> </strong></p>

Iroquois Food Diplomacy in the Revolutionary North

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-64
Author(s):  
Rachel B. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
American Revolution ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
The Face ◽  
State Of Power ◽  
American Army

This chapter details how Indians used hunger to fight back. During the summer of 1779, the rebel American army mounted a devastating victual-warfare campaign, known today as the Sullivan Campaign, against Britain's Iroquois allies. Two major related changes occurred after the expedition. First, British descriptions of Iroquois hunger by the 1780s allowed most officials to envision Indians as useful mouths who could overlook hunger while also requiring more provisions. This altered perception of Iroquois hunger created a second change: a reworking of Iroquoian food diplomacy into something more violent than its previous iterations. Iroquoian food diplomacy in the American Revolution was constituted, in part, by mutual fasting—a policy the Indians sometimes had to enforce through the use of aggression. This diplomacy took Indian requests for certain types of provisions into account, obliging non-Natives to go out of their way to accommodate Native tastes. The American Revolution ravaged Indian communities, including Iroquois ones, but, during the war, changing British perceptions of hungry Indians allowed the Iroquois to challenge the state of power relations at a time when contemporaries assumed they were powerless in the face of crop destruction and land losses. Iroquois abilities to ignore and endure hunger made it impossible for their British allies to think of them as useless mouths.

Danger! Glyphosate may Expose Weaknesses in Institutional Systems: EU Legislation and Comitology in the Face of a Controversial Reauthorisation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-449
Author(s):  
Ton VAN DEN BRINK
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Current System ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Face ◽  
Legislative Choice

The 2017 glyphosate reauthorisation process has exposed key weaknesses of the EU’s institutional system. First, the role of Germany as Member State rapporteur and the subsequent decision to appoint a group of Member States to form the Assessment Group on Glyphosate (AGG) suggest that the nature of scientific assessments become blurred. These assessments are apparently not just purely objective, science-based and procedural elements of the authorization procedure, but require support from a significant number of Member States as well. Second, the arduous comitology trajectory in the glyphosate reauthorisation process has caused the Commission to initiate questionable changes to comitology. These changes would corrupt the coherence of the EU’s legislative system in general and the constitutional distinction between delegated and implementing acts in particular. Moreover, they would overlook the more obvious solution of relying more on discretion on the part of the Commission. Lastly, the glyphosate reauthorisation has questioned the dichotomy between legislation and executive rule-making, an equally central element of the EU’s constitutional order. This dichotomy is based on a distinction between essential elements that belong to the legislative domain and non-essential element which are more technical in nature. It has been claimed that weighing the economic benefits of pesticides against the health and environmental costs associated with their use is in essence a legislative choice. This claim highlights not so much the practical problem of how to draw the line between political and technical decision-making, but rather denies the very meaning of the dichotomy altogether. Yet, the current system on the placing on the market of plant protection products – based on the legislation providing the general framework and the executive applying this in concrete cases – is certainly not devoid of coherence and logic.

Changing (?) Gender Roles Within Conservative Communities: An Analysis of Group Interview Narratives of Bedouin Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-509
Author(s):  
Ayelet Harel-Shalev ◽  
Rebecca Kook ◽  
Feniar Elkrenawe
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Group Interview ◽  
Women's Agency ◽  
Multiple Modes ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
The Face ◽  
Women’S Agency ◽  
Group Interviews

Abstract This article focuses on the creative and innovative modes of negotiation that women in severely patriarchal societies often exhibit in their attempts to actively pursue their own goals in the face of risk. Based on group interviews with Bedouin women in southern Israel about their everyday lives, the research explores both the risks and the ways in which the women deal with them. The research expands on discussions about the nature of women’s agency in the context of the power relations prevalent in specific communities, paying attention to the multiple modes of subordination experienced by the women of such communities.

A place to stand: Digital sociology and the Archimedean effect

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alphia Possamai-Inesedy ◽  
Alan Nixon
Keyword(s):  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Public Sociology ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Defining Moment ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Web

With the advent of the internet, particularly Web 2.0, sociologists have been called to take up the challenges and the promises of the web. In the face of this, sociologists are caught up in debates and practices concerned with how to ethically approach and develop appropriate methods/methodologies for the field. While these are important endeavours, more robust debate needs to take place on the unintended consequences of the promises of the internet, as well as the power relations that are at play in what we term the ‘digital social’. Employing the metaphor of the Archimedean screw and Archimedean point, this article argues that the space we now find ourselves in is unprecedented; it is one which simultaneously demands the empowerment of research and yet results in the stripping away of its foundation. The Archimedean effect demonstrates that the promises of the internet have not been fulfilled resulting in the evolution and de-evolution of the digital social framed by the reinforcement of existing power relations. Yet, rather than viewing this as a time of crisis, we should see it as a defining moment for our discipline, one where the demands of public sociology need to be adopted broadly.

De la violence à l’écriture : destruction et reconstruction dans la littérature judéo-méditerranéenne et orientale francophone

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Élisabeth Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Central Element ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
French Language ◽  
The Face ◽  
Consequences Of Violence

Abstract Violence is a central element in the Judeo-Mediterranean and oriental literature written in the French language because it is not only a source of trauma but also originates in an exile without return. Various narratives show us the evolution of verbal abuse which, eventually, turns into murderous acts. In the face of this destructive madness, some writers make use of non-violent writing as a means of reconstruction and restoration. Their objective is to show the concrete consequences of violence and urge readers to become aware of the suffering it causes.

The war’s end: 15 August 1945 in NHK’s morning dramas from 1966 to 2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-143
Author(s):  
Sachiko Masuda
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific War ◽  
The Face ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Changing Times ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Shed Light

NHK’s morning dramas, commonly known as asadora, usually focus on the lives of female heroines who cheerfully persevere in the face of adversity. They depict how women have responded to changing times, especially during and after the Asia-Pacific War. Since 2010, asadora have achieved increased popularity, and many of the shows broadcast since 2011 – the year of the Great East Japan Earthquake – have returned to the traditional theme of women during war. This study investigates asadora that depict the war period, focusing on the representation of 15 August 1945 since the format’s earliest days in the 1960s. As this study of 15 August scenes in asadora shows, memory of the Asia-Pacific War in Japan changed considerably after the catastrophe of 3/11. By understanding the mechanisms of presenting this specific event in popular media, it is also possible to shed light on the general practices of collective memory in Japan.

scholarly journals PEMBANGUNAN DAN FEMINISASI TANAH DI INDONESIA (KAJIAN EKOFEMINISME GLOBAL)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
Mardian Sulistyati
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Third World ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
The People ◽  
The Face ◽  
Patriarchal Power

Abstract. Until now, the development process in most Third World countries including Indonesia still places women as second-class citizens; while leaving a latent environmental crisis problem. This paper examines the influence of development practices through the face of mining corporations, and examines the experiences of the struggles of the people who are in the circle of power relations. The global ecofeminism approach of Vandana Shiva and Maria Mies is used as a linguistic nomenclature that helps explain each of the key words in concepts that have previously been tendered by the patriarchal power system. In the end, the value of ecofeminism as the ethics of life becomes a solutive choice to restore traditional and relational awareness that transcends the binary barriers of the human genitals, and transcends the boundaries of human egoism towards non-humans.Abstrak. Hingga kini, proses pembangunan di sebagian besar negara Dunia Ketiga termasuk Indonesia masih menempatkan perempuan sebagai warga kelas dua; sekaligus menyisakan problem krisis lingkungan yang laten. Tulisan ini mengkaji pengaruh praktik pembangunanisme melalui wajah korporasi tambang, serta mengkaji pengalaman perjuangan masyarakat yang berada di dalam lingkar relasi kuasa tersebut. Pendekatan ekofeminisme global Vandana Shiva dan Maria Mies digunakan sebagai nomenklatur linguistik yang membantu memaparkan setiap kata kunci dalam konsep- konsep yang sebelumnya telah tergenderkan oleh sistem kuasa patriarki. Pada akhirnya, nilai ekofeminisme sebagai etika kehidupan menjadi pilihan solutif untuk mengembalikan kesadaran tradisional dan relasional yang melampaui sekat-sekat biner kelamin manusia, serta melampaui sekat egoisme manusia terhadap non-manusia. 

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