Conserving grain on the small farm in the tropics

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
P S Hindmarsh ◽  
P S Tyler ◽  
D J Webley
Keyword(s):  
Insect Damage ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Advisory Service ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Storage Structures

Traditionally, structures for the storage of grain from peasant farms in tropical countries have been concerned with keeping the rain off, and the rats out. However, a major source of loss in storage, that caused by insect damage, has not been effectively controlled by traditional methods. The use of fumigants, certain safe and effective insecticides, and improvements to storage structures may provide a solution, but the existence of an adequate and well-trained advisory service is essential.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Protected Areas in the Pan-Tropics and International Aid for Conservation

Geomatics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
Do-Hyung Kim ◽  
Anupam Anand
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
International Aid ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Forest Cover Change ◽  
Average Effect ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
The Tropics

Evaluation of the effectiveness of protected areas is critical for forest conservation policies and priorities. We used 30 m resolution forest cover change data from 1990 to 2010 for ~4000 protected areas to evaluate their effectiveness. Our results show that protected areas in the tropics avoided 83,500 ± 21,200 km2 of deforestation during the 2000s. Brazil’s protected areas have the largest amount of avoided deforestation at 50,000 km2. We also show the amount of international aid received by tropical countries compared to the effectiveness of protected areas. Thirty-four tropical countries received USD 42 billion during the 1990s and USD 62 billion during the 2000s in international aid for biodiversity conservation. The effectiveness of international aid was highest in Latin America, with 4.3 m2/USD, led by Brazil, while tropical Asian countries showed the lowest average effect of international aid, reaching only 0.17 m2/USD.

scholarly journals Landslide risk reduction measures: A review of practices and challenges for the tropics

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Maes ◽  
Matthieu Kervyn ◽  
Astrid de Hontheim ◽  
Olivier Dewitte ◽  
Liesbet Jacobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Publication Output ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
Population Number ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Risk Reduction Measures ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Landslide Risk Reduction

The overall objective of this review is to gain insights into landslide risk reduction measures that are applied or recommended in tropical landslide-prone countries, and the challenges at play. More specifically, this review aims to (i) presenting an overview of recent studies on landslides and landslide risk reduction in these countries, (ii) exploring the factors controlling the publication output on landslides and landslide risk reduction, (iii) reviewing the various landslide risk reduction measures recommended and implemented, and (iv) identifying the bottlenecks for the implementation of these strategies. A compilation of recommended and implemented landslide risk reduction measures in 99 landslide-prone tropical countries was made, based on an extensive review of scientific literature (382 publications). The documented measures are analysed using a scheme of risk reduction measures that combines classifications of the Hyogo Framework for Action and the SafeLand project. Our literature review shows that the factors influencing the number of publications on landslides and landslide risk reduction per country are (in order of importance) the absolute physical exposure of people to landslides, the population number and the Human Development Index of a country. The ratio of publications on landslide risk reduction versus publications on landslides for landslide-prone tropical countries does not vary much between these countries (average: 0.28). A significant fraction (0.30) of all known landslide hazard reduction measures are neither implemented nor recommended according to our review. The most recommended landslide risk reduction component is ‘risk management and vulnerability reduction’ (0.38). However, the most implemented component is ‘risk assessment’ (0.57). Overall, the ratio of implemented versus recommended landslide risk reduction measures in the tropics is low (<0.50) for most landslide risk reduction components, except for ‘risk assessment’ (3.01). The most cited bottlenecks for implementing landslide risk reduction measures are scientific (0.30) and political (0.29) in nature.

Case of Lutz-Ieanselm's near-articular nodes

1935 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
G. G. Kondratyev
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Tropics

This disease was first noted by Lutz (1891), who observed it among the inhabitants of the Sandwich Islands. Iеanselme, observing it among the natives in Indo-China, described it under the name "Nodosits juxta articulaires". Until 1920, the latter was considered a disease of exclusively tropical countries. All the cases described before 1920 concerned almost exclusively the natives and only in some cases Europeans who have lived in the tropics for a long time.

Gastrointestinal bleeding in the tropics: Look for the hookworm

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Vishal Sharma ◽  
Deepak Gunjan ◽  
Puneet Chhabra ◽  
Ravi Sharma ◽  
Surinder Singh Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Hypovolemic Shock ◽  
Endoscopic Diagnosis ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
The Tropics

Hookworms are recognised as a cause of iron-deficiency anaemia in endemic areas. They are, however, often not considered in the differential diagnosis of overt gastrointestinal bleeding. We report the endoscopic diagnosis of hookworms as the cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in three patients, two of whom had frank haemorrhage with one presenting in hypovolemic shock. Hookworm infestation is an important treatable cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in tropical countries.

scholarly journals PRECODEPA: A MULTI-COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM TO IMPROVE THE RESEARCH-EXTENSION INTERFACE FOR POTATO PRODUCTION IN THE TROPICS

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 724C-724
Author(s):  
Alvaro del Cid ◽  
Ramiro Ortiz ◽  
H.R. Valenzuela
Keyword(s):  
Development Program ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
North Central ◽  
Technology Generation ◽  
Extension Work ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Training Of Personnel ◽  
Unique Program

PRECODEPA was formed with the purpose of coordinating research and extension to improve small-farm potato production. The program involves 9 countries in North, Central America and the Caribbean with the cooperation of the International Potato Center (CIP). Research and extension work was planed based on identified bottlenecks. Work was coordinated when similar bottlenecks were identified in different regions and/or countries. The project strategies emphasized the following: training of personnel to coordinate the work between extension and research; development of integrated pest management (IPM) practices; technology generation and validation trials on farmers' fields, and market development for commercialization purposes. The success of this unique program should serve as a model for similar agricultural projects in the future.

Notes on Mortality in India and some other Tropical Countries

1903 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 337-352
Author(s):  
Spencer Campbell Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Statistics ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Tropics

Before bringing to your notice the short memorandum which I have prepared on the subject of mortality in the tropics, I feel that I owe the Faculty an apology for submitting to them so fragmentary a paper as the present.I had hoped, by recapitulating the history of mortality statistics in India and some other tropical countries from the earliest date at which these became available, to have traced down to the present day the progress that has been made and the lives which have been saved in consequence of improved manner of living and enlarged knowledge and better treatment of disease; but other duties intervened which prevented my fulfilling my purpose, and my intended paper has contracted into these few notes exhibiting the experience of my own company.

7.3 Intensive mutton and wool production in the tropics

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 407-410
Author(s):  
Marca Burns
Keyword(s):  
Dry Season ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Door Opening ◽  
Small Family ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Tropics

As with other species, traditional methods of sheep husbandry in the tropics are almost all extensive, usually involving shepherding on unfenced pastures in bush or even desert grazings. However, in both Nigeria and Ghana, it is not uncommon for small family flocks of sheep, or sheep and goats, to be confined to the compound behind the house. A room with a door opening on to the compound (either a part of the house or in another corner) is set aside to provide shelter from rain. The flock is fed partly on kitchen waste, such as plantain and cassava peelings, and partly on cut grass or the leaves of trees, the latter particularly in the dry season.

TAMARINDUS INDICA L. (FABACEAE): EXTENT OF EXPLORED USE IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
BALAKRISHNA VUYYALA ◽  
D SENTHIL KUMAR ◽  
THAKKALAPALLY LAKSHMI
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
The Tropics

Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) belongs to the family of Fabaceae (Leguminosae), subfamily Caesalpinioideae, is a very important food within the tropics. Medicinal plants are the rear bone of traditional medicine (TM). TM is vital in tropical countries: Contrary to pharmaceuticals, pharmacological, and pharmacotherapy. T. indica is employed as TM in India, Africa, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, and most of the tropical countries. It is used traditionally in abdominal pain, diarrhea and dysentery, helminths infections, wound healing, malaria and fever, constipation, inflammation, cell cytotoxicity, gonorrhea, and eye diseases. It is numerous chemical values and is rich in phytochemicals, and hence, the plant is reported to possess antidiabetic activity, antimicrobial activity, antivenomic activity, antioxidant activity, antimalarial activity, hepatoprotective activity, antiasthmatic activity, laxative activity, and antihyperlipidemic activity. Thus, the aim of the present review demonstrates the plant contains in leaves, seeds, roots, pulp, fruits, and flowers an excellent sort of bioactive substances that have beneficial effects on human health and therefore the possibility of application in various tropical, pharmaceutical, and industrial sectors.

scholarly journals Post - Harvest Conservation of Food

1981 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Labeyrie
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Stored Grains ◽  
The Tropics

The shortage of proteins in tropical countries cannot be overcome by the development of the breeding of animals originating outside the tropics, as they are ill adapted to the environmental conditions and yield a low output. Edible pulses, domesticated in these regions, can alleviate this shortage without causing soil degradation, because of their ecological properties, the rapidity of their growth, and the storability of their grains. But agricultural research ignores most of these species, and, although they are no less important than maize, their production is not even mentioned in world statistics. The protection of the stored grains is essential. The fight against weevils (Bruchidae), which often destroy more than half of the harvest, has been unsuccessful because it has not been based on an adequate knowledge of these beetles, and in particular of how they infest crops at harvest time; they are wrongly believed to attack only stored grains.

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