Dynamic Changes and Individual Differences in Learners’ Perceptions of Cooperative Learning During a Project Activity

RELC Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 003368822110127
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yoshimura ◽  
Tomohito Hiromori ◽  
Ryo Kirimura
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Group Processing ◽  
Social Skills Group ◽  
Skills Group ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Weekly Journal

Although cooperative learning is a well-researched framework with many reports on its effective implementation in education, successful cooperative learning practice remains elusive in the classroom. The literature suggests certain elements of cooperative learning are key, but few studies have addressed their importance with respect to the dynamics of the learning activity and differences in individual learners’ attitudes. The objective of this study is to examine (1) whether learners’ perception of cooperative learning changes throughout a project, and (2) how differently individual learners perceive their activities with reference to the five elements (i.e. positive interdependence; face-to-face promotive interaction; individual accountability; social skills; group processing), and thereby to explore measures for successful implementation of cooperative learning. Analyses of a questionnaire survey and weekly journal entries revealed that there were dynamic changes in learners’ perception of cooperative learning in accordance with the shifts in phases of the project. The results also showed that there were significant differences in individual learners’ perceptions and that their engagement in cooperative learning could be affected by certain factors that were not weighed by the five elements. The results of this study can provide hints for better pedagogical interventions for teachers introducing cooperative learning into the classroom.

scholarly journals Three Approaches to Cooperative Learning in Higher Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 37-66
Author(s):  
David Kaufman ◽  
Elliott Sutow ◽  
Ken Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Group Processing ◽  
Social Skills Group ◽  
Skills Group ◽  
Six Elements ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Individual Accountability

This paper first discusses cooperative learning and provides a rationale for its use in higher education. From the literature, six elements are identified that are considered essential to the success of cooperative learning: positive interdependence, face-to-face verbal interaction, individual accountability, social skills, group processing, and appropriate grouping. Three distinct approaches at the postsecondary level are described in the fields of Medicine, Dentistry and Mathematics, and feedback from faculty and students is reported. The three approaches are presented within the context of the disciplines and are compared across the disciplines with respect to the essential six elements. Finally, the authors share some lessons learned from their research and experience in order to assist faculty who wish to incorporate cooperative learning into their teaching.

Cooperative language learning elements to enhance social skills in English classrooms: a case study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Camacho-Minuche ◽  
Verónica Espinoza-Celinica ◽  
Eva Ulehlova
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
English Classrooms ◽  
Group Processing ◽  
Clear Idea ◽  
In The Beginning

PurposeThe aim was to prove the efficacy of the five cooperative learning elements applied in English classrooms and to demonstrate how effective they were to develop social skills in students.Design/methodology/approachThe qualitative approach allowed to analyse the data in order to determine the benefits of using these elements which help students to create a good rapport among them and do more productive activities to retain the knowledge. The instruments were Cooperative Learning Activity Planning Template that included 20 major steps in designing and assessing a cooperative learning activity designed by Susan Johnston. Additionally, rubrics that included the cooperative learning elements: face-to-face (promotive) interaction, positive interdependence, individual accountability, group processing and collaborative skills were necessary to assess students' accomplished tasks.FindingsFurthermore, when students played different roles, they attained their goal and did cooperative tasks more productively. All mentioned above enables Ecuadorian educational institutions to include better teaching methods and provokes consciousness of students' accomplishment towards their goals.Research limitations/implicationsIn the beginning, some constraints were presented; students did not have a clear idea about the main difference between group work and cooperative work. However, once they were aware of cooperative learning elements, they did incorporate them appropriately in each assigned activity which allowed them to obtain better results. Another limitation referred to master students who did not always provide learners with constant monitoring when they were working on cooperative activities; they simply believed that strong students could help the rest in the group if there was any inconvenience with the task, taking this situation for granted.Originality/valueThe originality of this study is reflected in the results obtained in the final product students presented since they used the elements in a more effective way to build social skills and achieve higher grades.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE LEARNING MELALUI TIPE TGT (TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR AQIDAH AKHLAK KD MEMAHAMI TASAWUF KELAS XI IPS1 MAN 1 JOMBANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-189
Author(s):  
IDA INAYAHWATI
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Team Games ◽  
Social Traits ◽  
Improve Student Achievement

This study aims to improve student achievement in Aqidah Akhlak subjects, especially KD Understanding Sufism. The assessment of this Sufism material is not only in the realm of knowledge (cognitive) but includes the entire domain of attitude (there is a change in attitude) and skills (application of religious understanding) for each student. That's why researchers formulate strategies that can generate student achievement, where in this learning activity, apart from being able to achieve all the aspects that are expected, students are also able to instill social traits in each of them. The learning strategy offered is cooperative learning (Cooperative Learning Strategy), namely by using the Team Games Tournament (TGT) type. Conducted in class XI IPS1 MAN 1 Jombang. This research was conducted in two cycles, each consisting of two face-to-face meetings. Before carrying out the research action, the researcher conducted a pre-test in the class being studied (before the implementation of cooperative learning strategies, in this pret test the results obtained by students on this material with an average of 79. Furthermore, after the cooperative learning model through the TGT type (Teams Games Tournaments) then in the second cycle obtained an average learning completeness of 84, and in the third cycle the increase in the average score became 95, very significant. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Aqidah Akhlak khususnya KD Memahami Tasawuf. Penilaian pada materi tasawuf ini bukan hanya padah ranah pengetahuan (kognitif) melainkan mencakup seluruh ranah sikap (ada perubahan sikap) dan Ketrampilan (penerapan pemahaman religi) pada setiap siswa. Karena itulah peneliti merumuskan strategi yang dapat membangkitkan prestasi belajar siswa, dimana dalam kegiatan pembelajaran ini selain mampu mencapai seluruh aspek yang diharapkan siswa juga mampu menanamkan sifat social dalam diri mereka masing-masing. Strategi pembelajaran yang ditawarkan adalah pembelajaran kooperatif (Cooperative Learning Strategy), yaitu dengan menggunakan tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT). Dilakukan pada kelas XI IPS1 MAN 1 Jombang. Penelitian dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran cooperative learning melalui tipe TGT (Teams Games Tournaments) ini dilakukan dalam dua kali siklus, masing-masing terdiri dari dua kali pertemuan tatap muka. Sebelum melakukan tindakan penelitian, peneliti melakukan pre test terlebih dahulu pada kelas yang diteliti (sebelum diterapkannya strategi pembelajaran kooperatif, pada pret test ini didapatkan hasil nilai yang didapat siswa pada materi ini dengan rata-rata 79. Selanjutnya setelah model pembelajaran cooperative learning melalui tipe TGT (Teams Games Tournaments) maka pada siklus kedua diperoleh rata-rata ketruntasan belajar 84, dan pada siklus ke tiga peningkatan nilai rata-rata mejadi 95, sangat signifikan.

‘I owe it to my group members…who critically commented on my conducting’ – Cooperative learning in choral conducting education

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Varvarigou
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Master's Level ◽  
Choral Conducting ◽  
Regular Group ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Group Processing ◽  
Group Members

This article explores cooperative learning in choral conducting education. The five characteristics of cooperative learning identified by Adams and Hamm ((1996). Cooperative learning: Critical thinking and collaboration across the curriculum (2nd ed.). Springfield, IL: Charles Thomas Publishers): positive interdependence; face-to-face interaction; individual accountability and personal responsibility for reaching groups goals; frequent practice with small-group interpersonal skills; and regular group processing and reflection have been used to structure the discussion on the learners’ perception of their development and their module’s effectiveness. The context in focus was an elective module on choral conducting education at master’s level. Cooperative learning in choral conducting education was shown to support the learners’ motivation for active participation in the teaching and learning process; to increase respect for diversity; to support the learners’ development of interpersonal, communication, leadership and teaching skills at both an individual and at a collective level; and to improve teacher effectiveness.

scholarly journals University Students’ Perceptions of the Key Elements of Cooperative Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Tomoko Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
University Students ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
First Year ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Group Processing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Year University ◽  
Individual Accountability ◽  
Research Period

In this study I examined students’ perceptions of the way cooperative learning (CL) was used in their classroom setting. CL involves five key elements: positive interdependence (PI), face-to-face promotive interaction (FF), individual accountability (IA), interpersonal and small group skills (IS), and group processing (GP). For this study, first-year university students from three classes participated in informal CL (semistructured), formal CL (structured), and teacher-led instruction. At the end of the research period, students’ perceptions of these were rated. Analyses showed that for PI and IS, the mean score of the formal CL class was significantly higher than the teacher-led instruction class, but that there were no significant differences between FF, IA, and GP for these two groups. Student perceptions of the informal CL class did not show any significant difference when compared to the formal CL class nor the teacher-led instruction class for any of the five key elements. 本研究は、協同学習（CL）の5つの基本要素について、学生の認識を調べたものである。5つの基本要素とは、互恵的な相互依存（PI）、対面的で促進的な相互交渉（FF）、個人としての責任（IA）、社会的スキルや小グループ運営スキル（IS）、そしてグループの改善手続き（GP）である。本研究では、3つのクラスの大学1年生が、其々インフォーマルな協同学習、フォーマルな協同学習、そして、教員主導の学習を体験した後、協同学習の5つの基本要素の重要度を評価した。分析の結果、フォーマルな協同学習を経験した学生のPIとISの平均値は共に、教員主導の学習を体験した学生のものよりも、有意に高いことが示された。FF、IA、GPについては、この２つのクラス間に有意な差は見られなかった。また、協同学習の5つの基本要素は、インフォーマルな協同学習とフォーマルな協同学習、インフォーマルな協同学習と教員主導の学習のどちらを比較しても、有意差が認められなかった。

scholarly journals Design and Validation of the Cooperative Learning Application Scale (CLAS)

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Atxurra ◽  
Lourdes Villardón-Gallego ◽  
Esther Calvete
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Reliable Tool ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
Social Skills Group ◽  
Skills Group ◽  
Positive Interdependence ◽  
The University ◽  
University Classrooms

In this study, a scale was designed to measure the level of application of Cooperative Learning in Higher Education. The Cooperative Learning Application Scale (CLAS) comprises seven dimensions: Positive interdependence, interaction, social skills, group reflection, heterogeneity, assessment and tutoring. The sample consisted of a total of 1470 students from two Universities: the University of Deusto (Spain) and the Catholic University of Temuco (Chile). The results show that CLAS is a valid and reliable tool to gauge the level of application of this methodology in university classrooms.

scholarly journals Cooperative Learning of Seiryu-Tai Hayashi Learners for the Hida Furukawa Festival in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4292
Author(s):  
Shyh-Huei Hwang ◽  
Hsu-Ying Chan
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Instrumental Ensemble ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Group Processing ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Traditional Arts ◽  
Individual Accountability ◽  
Gifu Prefecture ◽  
Kj Method

The residents of Furukawa-cho, Hida City, Gifu Prefecture, Japan use cooperative learning during festival organization to preserve the various traditional arts of Hida Furukawa Festival, such as Hayashi. The goals of this study were to (1) analyze the aspects of cooperative learning of Seiryu-tai Hayashi learners involved in the Furukawa Festival, and (2) determine the effects of factors influencing cooperative learning on the aspects of cooperative learning among these learners. We applied grounded theory and conducted a field study on the six years of the Furukawa Festival and residents’ daily lives since 2014. We numbered, coded, and categorized text data, and classified the data using the KJ method. We applied the five elements of cooperative learning by Johnson and Johnson, and analyzed the cooperative learning processing of Seiryu-tai, considering five aspects: (1) cultivation and skills: to follow the norms of Hayashi learning and then cultivate the skills; (2) demonstration and imitation: the process of Hayashi learning without notation; (3) instruction and accompanying: elders addressed norms and demonstrated skills, providing comfort and encouragement; (4) experience and feeling: interacting with unqualified learners to experience the Hayashi atmosphere, and (5) others and interaction: experience of a different culture. From the analyses, we found that the five elements of cooperative learning in Hayashi cooperative learning provide new functions. We applied the five elements of cooperative learning to analyze the five aspects of Azure Dragon Stall’s Hayashi cooperative learning: (1) positive interdependence: deep interdependence exists in the core of the learning circle, and guarding and immersion are included; (2) individual accountability: achievement of following the norms, enhancing skills, and having a tacit agreement on the instrumental ensemble; (3) promotive interaction: five interactive types are influenced, including people who follow etiquette, people who need to be advised, people who imitate, people with tolerance, and people who interact; (4) the division of social skills into four types including playing, performing, senior, and foreign, and (5) group processing, which includes learners, instructors, senior learners, elders, youths, and foreign visitors, who jointly form the Hayashi learning circle.

scholarly journals Investigation of The Attitudes of University Students at Different Departments Against Cooperative Learning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Alpaslan Kartal
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
University Students ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Data Coding ◽  
Group Processing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Individual Accountability

Cooperative learning is a kind of teaching method, which includes students working together in projects. The teacher has to provide a cooperative situation that creates interdependence among the students. It consists of five different elements. These are positive interdependence, individual accountability, face to face interaction, interpersonal- small groups, social skills, and group processing. This study is aimed to investigate the attitudes of university students studying in different departments towards cooperative learning. Thus, the current situation is described with the analysis of the data obtained from the applied scales. The research is descriptive. The group of the research consists of students studying in different departments of Bozok University in Yozgat. For the research, the data collected and processed into the data coding form. Then, statistical analysis was applied to the data transferred to SPSS 24.0 Packet program. There is no statistically significant difference found between genders. There was a statistically significant difference in the attitude scores towards cooperative learning between the ages, the departments, and the grades. Cooperative learning is a more suitable method for students in the classes and develops learners' attitudes. Institutes are encouraged for positive collaboration involvement among students who will be connected in groups within the work environment in the long term.

scholarly journals Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Versus Pembelajaran Langsung

UNIVERSUM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashudi Mashudi
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Group Process ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Authentic Assessment ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Attention In Learning ◽  
Face To Face

One of problem that needs attention in learning activity is learning method, technique, and strategy. Cooperative learning strategy has some elements namely (1) positive inter-dependency, (2) face-to-face, (3) individual responsibility, (4) group and interpersonal skill, and (5) group process effectiveness. The theory basis of cooperative learning comes from different perspective. This article elaborates cooperative learning with behaviorism and constructivism theories, especially cooperative learning Jigsaw type. As Slavin stated that the techniques that use the appropriate approach are Jigsaw, Group investigation, and Learning Together. The advantages of cooperative learning are (1) increasing positive attitude toward learning activity, (2) rousing interaction among students, (3) increasing learning achievement, and (4) authentic assessment.

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