It Is My Turn Now: How and Why ‘Single’ Women Complain about Non-Reciprocal Gift-Giving

Sociology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 003803852110240
Author(s):  
Michal Kravel-Tovi ◽  
Kinneret Lahad
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Gift Exchange ◽  
Gift Giving ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Established Norm ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Online Sources

This article employs the prism of gift-exchange to analyse the marginalised status of singles within social relations. We trace an emerging critique voiced by single women, who challenge the unilateral etiquette of gifting marital and family-making celebrations. While dominant social norms normalise gift-giving at weddings and subsequent family-related occasions, there are no commensurable opportunities for singles to receive back their accumulative investments in the life events of others. Drawing on various online sources, we explore the discursive articulations through which single women highlight the unfairness that underpins their position as constant givers. We show how single women manage the social risks that such public complaints entail, and how they claim to be worthy receivers themselves. This article offers singlehood as a valuable case study for engaging with broader questions concerning reciprocity – specifically, what happens when reciprocal gifting is not an established norm within ostensibly reciprocal social relations.

scholarly journals Embodiment of Ancestral Spirits, the Social Interface, and Ritual Ceremonies: Construction of the Shamanic Landscape among the Daur in North China

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Feng Qu
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
North China ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Interface ◽  
Human Construction ◽  
Human Social Life

The case study in this paper is on the Daur (as well as the Evenki, Buriat, and Bargu Mongols) in Hulun Buir, Northeast China. The aim of this research is to examine how shamanic rituals function as a conduit to actualize communications between the clan members and their shaman ancestors. Through examinations and observations of Daur and other Indigenous shamanic rituals in Northeast China, this paper argues that the human construction of the shamanic landscape brings humans, other-than-humans, and things together into social relations in shamanic ontologies. Inter-human metamorphosis is crucial to Indigenous self-conceptualization and identity. Through rituals, ancestor spirits are active actors involved in almost every aspect of modern human social life among these Indigenous peoples.

scholarly journals Politics and Audit in Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Azham Md. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Study Format

This work investigates the role and contribution of external auditing as practised in Malaysian society during the forty year period from independence in 1957 to just before the onset of Asian Financial Crisis in 1997.  It applies the political economic theory introduced by Tinker (1980) and refined by Cooper & Sherer (1984), which emphasises the social relations aspects of professional activity rather than economic forces alone. In a case study format where qualitative data were gathered mainly from primary and secondary source materials, the study has found that the function of auditing in Malaysian society in most cases is devoid of any essence of mission; instead it is created, shaped and changed by the pressures which give rise to its development over time. The largely insignificant role that it serves is intertwined with the contexts in which it operates. 

scholarly journals Regulatory Framework for Renewable Energy Sources in Ecuador Case Study Province of Manabí

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Marcos Lenin Dávila Cedeño ◽  
María Gabriela Dávila Arteaga ◽  
Antonio Vázquez Pérez ◽  
Marcos Lenin Dávila Arteaga
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
National Study ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
The Social

The purpose of the research is to expose the nature that, in matters of law and social policy, justifies promoting the elaboration and adoption of a regulatory framework that favors the use of renewable energy sources, for the generation of electricity through case analysis in the Province of Manabí. For the accomplishment of the research study has taken into account a brief theoretical analysis on the fundamentals of the regulatory doctrine, where it exposes the conceptual framework of the law and its necessity for the good development of the social relations that derive from the use of the Renewable sources of energy. A study was carried out of the specific regulatory work carried out at the international level, in order to promote the adequate use of renewable energies, as well as a national study presenting an initial vision for the study and establishment of a specific regulatory framework for the case study of the province of Manabí, as well as a group of policies and support measures that could be adopted to promote the integrated use of renewable energy sources and their contribution to the national energy matrix.

scholarly journals Regulatory framework for renewable energy sources in Ecuador case study province of Manabi

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Lenin Davila Cedeno ◽  
Maria Gabriela Davila Arteaga ◽  
Antonio Vazquez Perez ◽  
Marcos Lenin Davila Arteaga
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
National Study ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
The Social

The purpose of the research is to expose the nature that, in matters of law and social policy, justifies promoting the elaboration and adoption of a regulatory framework that favors the use of renewable energy sources, for the generation of electricity through case analysis in the Province of Manabí. For the accomplishment of the research study has taken into account a brief theoretical analysis on the fundamentals of the regulatory doctrine, where it exposes the conceptual framework of the law and its necessity for the good development of the social relations that derive from the use of the Renewable sources of energy. A study was carried out of the specific regulatory work carried out at the international level, in order to promote the adequate use of renewable energies, as well as a national study presenting an initial vision for the study and establishment of a specific regulatory framework for the case study of the province of Manabí, as well as a group of policies and support measures that could be adopted to promote the integrated use of renewable energy sources and their contribution to the national energy matrix.

Contracting for Work in Tourism and Catering in Greece: Beyond a State/Market Dichotomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregoris Ioannou
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spatial Parameters ◽  
Simple Matrix

Abstract Drawing on a case study of contemporary employment relations in tourism and catering in Greece, this paper seeks to contribute to our empirical understanding of employment law. Which factors determine the ways in which the law is perceived by employers and workers and complied with, breached or avoided? The main argument of the paper is that not only market forces are relevant here; several other factors need to be taken into consideration, which when combined with market forces can re-regulate as well as deregulate the field of employment. These tend to be informal, locally embedded and influenced by wider social relations. By constructing a simple matrix of employment settings based on locale and seasonality on one axis, and size of enterprise and scope of services provided on the other, the paper demonstrates how organisational and spatial parameters and the social environment interact with market forces and legal forces to shape prevailing norms and to influence the behaviour of parties to the contract for work. It further demonstrates that the structuring of the sectoral labour market is a process determined by broader social power dynamics. Beyond serving as part of the context within which contracting for work takes place, legal rules are a resource to be mobilised by both employers and workers.

Governing local social innovations against poverty across Europe

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Stijn Oosterlynck ◽  
Yuri Kazepov ◽  
Andreas Novy
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Innovation Dynamics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
Core Concepts

In this introductory chapter, we present our understanding of the core concepts of this book, namely social innovation and poverty, and situate these concepts in contemporary debates on the governance of welfare provision. We define social innovation as actions that satisfy social needs through the transformation of social relations, which crucially implies an increase of the capabilities and access to resources of people living in poverty. Poverty is not reduced to a lack of monetary income, but refers to a range of processes of social exclusion in various spheres of life that hinders people’s full participation in society. We outline the aim of this book as a sustained attempt to analyse how the social innovation dynamics of localised initiatives are shaped by the welfare regime context with its specific spatial and institutional characteristics. Finally, we discuss the methodological strategy of the comparative case study research on which this book is based.

الأوضاع المعيشية للأسر الفلسطينية بمراكز الإيواء في وكالة الغوث بعد العدوان الإسرائيلي على غزة 2014م

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-110
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
The Social ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Depth Interviews

ملخص: هدفت الدراسة للتعرف إلى بعض الصعوبات والمشكلات، والأوضاع المعيشية كما تراها الأسر المقيمة بمراكز الإيواء بمدارس وكالة الغوث الدولية واستخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي ومنهج دراسة الحالة، وقد تكونت عينة الدراسة من 13 أسرة من المقيمين في مدرسة ذكور الزيتون الابتدائية “ب” بتل الهوى وتم عقد مقابلات متعمقة معهم للتعرف على الأوضاع المعيشية بشيء من التفصيل، وأيضاً تم مقابلة عدد 6 من الإخباريين الذين عايشوا الأحداث وقد أشارت النتائج المتعلقة بمكان الإعاشة وتجهيزاته إلى أن المعيشة صعبة، وأن كل الأسرة كانت تقطن في غرفة صف واحدة فى المدرسة، كما أن غرفة الصف غير معدة للمعيشة، وفيما يتعلق بالجانب الاقتصادي أكدت النتائج أن الجميع بدون عمل، وفيما يتعلق بالإخباريين؛ أكد الجميع أن كل القاطنين في مراكز الإيواء ليس لديهم أي مصدر دخل ولا عمل، وبالنسبة للجانب النفسي للنازحين وأبنائهم، أكدت كل العينة من خلال المقابلات أن أبناءهم وزوجاتهم يعانون من مشكلات نفسية عديدة تتمثل في الخوف، والتبول اللاإرادي، والأمراض النفسية، وتم تحويل جزء كبير منهم إلى عيادات خارجية، وفيما يتعلق بالجانب الاجتماعي وعلاقاتهم مع المحيطين بهم، أكدت غالبية العينة أن ليس لديهم علاقات اجتماعية مع المحيطين، حيث تقتصر علاقاتهم مع بعضهم داخل المدرسة، وبالنسبة للجانب السياسي ومستقبل عودتهم إلى بيوتهم بعد إعادة الإعمار، فيرى الجميع أنه سيكون بطيئا وسيستغرق وقتا طويلا.الكلمة الافتتاحية / الأوضاع المعيشية للأسر الفلسطينية Abstract This study aims to investigate some of the difficulties, problems and living conditions perceived by families living in shelter centers in schools of international relief agency. Researchers used descriptive analytical approach in their case study. The study sample consisted of 13 families residing in the Elzaytoon male elementary school ‘b’ in Tel al-Hawa district. It held in-depth interviews with families to know the living conditions in details. Also six news reporters were included in interviews that witnessed the events. The results concerning the place of living and its materials indicated that the living conditions were difficult; each family was living in one classroom in the school not intended for living. In regard to the economic aspect, results confirmed that inhabitants were jobless with no income. On the psychological aspect of displaced persons and their descendants, results showed that their sons and wives suffered from various psychological problems such as the fearbedwetting and mental illness. As a result of this a large part of them had been transferred to psychological clinics. In regard of the social aspect, the majority of sample individuals confirmed that they do not have social relations with those around them; relations were confined within the school only. On political level, they had no hope in returning to their homes. Moreover, they believed that house reconstruction would be slow and it will take a long time.

‘Chicken and Duck Talk’: Life and Death of Language Training at a Japanese Multinational in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 887-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Chris Smith
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Language Training ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chinese Workers ◽  
Individual Asset

This article examines social relations in language learning through a case study of two cohorts of Chinese workers in a Japanese multinational company (MNC). The two cohorts weigh learning Japanese in the context of internal and external opportunities, and pursue different strategies – deliberative acquisition and deliberative opposition. Exploring the broader meanings of language learning beyond skill acquisition, the article suggests that language is more than an individual asset or a common code for workers to build collective power. Social reproduction of language is embedded in workers’ choice of pathways for social mobility which was created in the social transition and has shifted over time in China. These findings make a contribution to the sociology of language training in work, by challenging structural and cultural theories that underplay the agency of workers in assessing language as a resource for labour power development.

scholarly journals Social Status of Nepalese Single Women and Perception on Remarriage: A Case Study of Pokhara Lekhnath Metropolitan City

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Surendra Tiwari ◽  
Sabitri Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Single Women ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Margin Of Error ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The aim of this study is to examine the social status of Nepalese single women and their perception on remarriage. For this purpose, out of 157 respondents, 128 single women (7.3% margin of error and 90% Confidence level) of age 25 years to 80 years, from Pokhara Metropolitan City Ward No. 26 and 27 were interviewed purposively by using structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used for the analysis of the data. Majority of single women were from age group of 40 years and above. Majority of them were illiterate and deprived from the political, social and economic participation. Major problems faced by the single women are economic hardship, family violence (especially mental tension given by the family and society), less freedom, deprivation of the social and economic rights and participations, less decision making roles and so on. Further, the majority of the single women had very little freedom to do something and go somewhere. It is also found that the land ownership has been transferred to them but it is due to legal provision after the death of husbands only. The result also shows that the single women faced the problem of loneliness. Majority of respondents think about remarriage without leaving children. It clearly shows that majority of the single women want to remarry not for physical pleasure but concerning about their safety, their children future and less economic burden. The study depicted that the barriers for the single women in social and religious participations have been changed slowly. It can be concluded that the social status of single women seems to be changing towards positive social status such as society has been liberal in their clothing and participation in various religious functions.

scholarly journals Ecological Family Agriculture Held In Remígio, PB, Brazil:

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-265
Author(s):  
Janice Rodrigues Placeres Borges ◽  
Alexandra Leite Faria
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reflexive Practice ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Set Up

This article describes, identify and analyze the social and technological, innovation and the production of knowledge among the family farmers syndicated in the municipality of Remígio, Paraíba’s State, located in the Brazilian semi-arid and belonging to the so-called Polo da Borborema - a network of labour unions and rural workers. The said Polo has been practising innovation in ecological-based agriculture and with an emphasis on existing social relations, knowledge and local expertise. Thus, the case study and the qualitative approach were chosen. The collection of the data was carried out through a half-structured interview with farmers. The main results indicate that ecological agriculture practiced in the municipality of Remígio is an advanced process of local and private development. The local and particular aspect refers to the important feature that is the aspect of providing innovation from the experimentation and the necessity of each farmer, respecting their particularity and knowing. This process of producing knowledge and innovations is mainly based on the reflexive practice and the contextualization of knowledge through daily and informal processes of innovation. As important innovations that arise through these processes, there were several techniques and actions deployed, such as seed bank, solidarity rotary funds, among others, that take on innovative role, awareness and the growing change in Thought of the farmers. Some of these innovations are set up as "novelties", since they are based on external models. It is concluded by reaffirming the rich process of innovations and knowledge produced by these ecological farmers in communion with their old acquaintances allied to those brought by the Polo da Borborema, reaffirming and valuing the identities of these farmers

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