Pathways to Adolescents’ Flourishing: Linking Self-Control Skills and Positivity Ratio Through Social Support

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hod Orkibi ◽  
Liat Hamama ◽  
Belle Gavriel-Fried ◽  
Tammie Ronen
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Perceived Availability ◽  
Positivity Ratio ◽  
Classmate Support

This study focused on the ability to experience a high ratio of positive to negative emotions in 807 Israeli adolescents aged 12 to 15 years (50% girls). While considering possible gender differences, we tested a model positing that adolescents’ self-control skills would link to their positivity ratio and indirectly through perceived social support from parents and classmates. Parental support was significantly higher than classmate support, and girls scored significantly higher than boys on self-control skills and on both support sources. Self-control skills linked directly with positivity ratio and indirectly through parents’ and classmates’ support, with no gender differences found for the overall model. The study highlights the importance of prevention and treatment programs designed to impart adolescents with prosocial self-control skills, to improve their perceived availability of social support and consequently to increase their positivity ratio during this intense developmental period.

scholarly journals Social Relationships, Prosocial Behaviour, and Perceived Social Support in Students From Boarding Schools

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens P. Pfeiffer ◽  
Martin Pinquart ◽  
Kathrin Krick
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Day School ◽  
Day Schools ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
Need Support

Social development may vary depending on contextual factors, such as attending a day school or a boarding school. The present study compares students from these school types with regard to the achievement of specific social goals, perceived social support, and reported prosocial behaviour. A sample of 701 students was examined. Students from boarding schools reported higher success in gaining autonomy from parents and forming romantic relationships than students from day schools. However, adolescents from day schools reported higher levels of peer-group integration than students from boarding schools. Compared with students from day schools, students from boarding schools perceived more support from their teachers, but less support from their parents. No difference in prosocial behaviour was found between the two groups. We conclude that some students from boarding schools need support in gaining access to a peer group. In addition, measures are suggested for promoting parental support of students from boarding schools.

Do Women Accommodate More Than Men? Gender Differences in Perceived Social Support and Negotiation Behavior by Spanish and Dutch Worker Representatives

Sex Roles ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 538-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Elgoibar ◽  
Lourdes Munduate ◽  
Francisco J. Medina ◽  
Martin C. Euwema
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Negotiation Behavior

The Importance of Social Support and Coercion to Risk of Impulsivity and Juvenile Offending

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (14) ◽  
pp. 1838-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don L. Kurtz ◽  
Egbert Zavala
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Impulsive Behavior ◽  
Juvenile Offending ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Comprehensive Test ◽  
Low Self Control

The current study provides a comprehensive test of differential social support and coercion (DSSC) theory of crime as proposed by Colvin, Cullen, and Vander Ven. DSSC suggests that social interactions are either coercive or supportive in nature and that these interactions figure prominently into the development of self-control and delinquent behavior. Data drawn from the Evaluation of the Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT) assess four DSSC research hypotheses. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression suggests that parental support reduces impulsive behavior whereas coercive relationships correlate with increased impulsivity. Logistic regression indicates that parental support associates with reduced violent offending odds and that interpersonal coercion and low self-control increase violent offending. Beyond testing micro-level DSSC theory, these findings have important implications for criminal justice responses to juvenile offending.

scholarly journals Stressful life events among incarcerated women and men: Association with depression, loneliness, hopelessness, and suicidality

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly E. Moore ◽  
Shania Siebert ◽  
Garrett Brown ◽  
Julia Felton ◽  
Jennifer E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Justice-involved populations report a higher than average number of pre-incarceration stressful life events. However, few studies have described stressful life events which occur during incarceration, explored gender differences in these events, or evaluated the effect of these events on well-being. Method This study draws from a sample of male and female adults incarcerated in 6 prison facilities across two states (n = 160) to identify the number and type of stressful life events they experienced during incarceration, gender differences in stressful events, and the relationship between stressful life events and markers of well-being (i.e., depression, hopelessness, loneliness, suicidality). We also examined whether perceived social support would buffer the relationship between stressful events and well-being outcomes. Results Participants on average reported experiencing 4 stressful life events during their current incarceration, the most common being relocation to another cell and being made fun of/insulted by someone in the prison. There were few gender differences in types of events experienced. Regression analyses showed that stressful life events were associated with more loneliness, as well as suicidality, but only when participants had low perceived social support. Conclusions Stressful life events, and drawing on social support networks to cope with stress, should be addressed in the context of correctional treatments to reduce suicide risk during incarceration.

scholarly journals Internet addiction test: Croatian preliminary study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iva Černja ◽  
Lucija Vejmelka ◽  
Miroslav Rajter
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
School Students ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Addiction Risk

Abstract Background Everyday internet usage is particularly significant in the population of adolescents and young people. Besides numerous benefits, internet usage brings certain risks of addictive behavior. Internet Addiction Test (IAT) is the most spread scale for measuring internet addiction. The aim of this study was to investigate internet addiction on a sample of Croatian adolescents. Methods Overall, 352 students aged between 15 and 20 from randomly selected high schools participated in the study. We have collected the data on the Internet Addiction Test along with basic demographic information. The main analyses included the factorization of IAT test and the measurement of prevalence of internet addiction with the analysis of the gender differences. Results The results showed that 3.4% of high school students reported high levels of internet addiction, while 35.4% of respondents reported some signs of addiction. Three-factor structure of IAT was obtained with dimensions: Emotional and cognitive internet preoccupation, then Neglecting work and lack of self-control and the last one is Social problems. Although the first factor has the most significant role in internet addiction risk, gender differences were found only in the last two factors, where boys have higher scores on Social Problems, while girls have higher scores on Neglecting work and lack of self-control. Conclusions Based on our results, the prevention activities should be focused on the area of ​​emotional and social competence and the responsible use of internet. Since the result show that a third of the sample show moderate signs of addiction, programs of both indicated and selective prevention should be systematically planned for the general population of adolescents as well as for the groups in risk. The obtained gender differences indicate that the preventive and treatment programs should take into account gender specifics.

Social Anxiety and Perceived Social Support: Gender Differences and the Mediating Role of Communication Styles

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329411990097
Author(s):  
Michael D. Barnett ◽  
Idalia V. Maciel ◽  
Dylan M. Johnson ◽  
Ilona Ciepluch
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Socially Anxious ◽  
Verbal Aggressiveness ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mediating Role

Social anxiety has been linked with lower perceived social support, and there is some evidence that communication styles may explain this relationship. In addition, a body of literature has found gender differences in social anxiety, communication, and perceived social support. The purpose of this exploratory study was to investigate six communication styles as mediators of the relationship between social anxiety and perceived social support and whether such relationships vary by gender. College men and women ( N =  813) completed an online survey. Among men and women, social anxiety was associated with lower social support through lower expressiveness. Among men, social anxiety was associated with lower perceived social support through lower preciseness; among women, this link was through lower verbal aggressiveness and higher emotionality. Psychotherapy may function as an environment in which socially anxious individuals can learn communication skills and acquire the confidence to use them in order to increase perceived social support.

Correlates of Perceived Social Support and Equality of Interpersonal Relationships at Mid-Life

1996 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean D. Von Dras ◽  
Redford B. Williams ◽  
Berton H. Kaplan ◽  
Ilene C. Siegler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Global Indices ◽  
Perceived Availability ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
The University

An investigation into the correlates of perceived social support and the equality of interpersonal relationships at mid-life was conducted using a sample of 3954 adults from the University of North Carolina Alumni Heart Study (UNCAHS). Participants ranged in age from forty to fifty years. Results suggested that while the number of family roles and social activities are the same for men and women, women perceive a greater availability of social support and report they give more than they take in relationships with family. There was no association found between the perceived availability of social support and global indices of equality of interpersonal relationships; suggesting an independence between these two psychological aspects of social support. Further, multiple regression correlational analyses indicated gender, level of social activity, and self-esteem as significant predictors of perceived social support; with self-esteem being the best single predictor. Relatedly, gender and number of children were found to be significant predictors of the perceived equality of relationships with family. These findings suggest differences in mid-life men and women's psychological perception of the availability of social support, and the give and take of relationships with family.

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