scholarly journals Backpacker Identity: Scale Development and Validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganghua Chen ◽  
Lijun Zhao ◽  
Songshan (Sam) Huang
Keyword(s):  
Scale Development ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Group Self ◽  
Practical Implications

Backpacker identity has attracted growing attention in backpacker tourism research. However, there still lacks a valid scale to measure backpacker identity. Guided by Social Identity Theory (SIT), this study aims to develop and validate a scale to measure backpacker identity in the Chinese context. The study used two Chinese backpacker samples in two stages (Study 1, n=190; Study 2, n=323) to establish the psychometric properties of a backpacker identity scale (BIS). Following the process of scale development, a three-dimension (i.e., self-categorization, group self-value, and group self-evaluation) backpacker identity measurement model was identified. The refined scale with 16 measurement items was finally identified with sufficient reliability and validity. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed.

Fashion self-congruity: scale development and validation

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahiba Anand ◽  
Harsandaldeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Scale Validation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate measurement properties of a scale measuring fashion self-congruity (FSC). Design/methodology/approach Based on the existing literature of self-congruity, and four studies carried out as a part of this research, the FSC scale has been validated in a step-by-step process following the scale validation methodology suggested by Churchill (1979). Findings The final version of the scale incorporates nine items classified into three dimensions: actual fashion self-congruity, ideal fashion self-congruity, and ideal social fashion self-congruity. The scale reveals strong psychometric properties based on findings of different reliability and validity tests. Practical implications A valid and reliable FSC scale provides a foundation to broaden quantitative inquiry into the types of FSC that consumers seek under different situations. Knowledge of the dominant self-concept driving the consumption of fashion in various situations will enable marketers to position their brands along the desired dimension of FSC. Originality/value The value of this research paper lies in validating a scale to measure FSC for the first time in the self-concept/congruity literature.

Exploring the bank selection criteria in India: scale development and validation

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 666-690
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Arora ◽  
Harpreet Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Scale Development ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Bank Managers ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop, measure and empirically validate a scale that captures the full dimensionality of selection attributes considered by customers when choosing a bank. Design/methodology/approach Focus group interviews were conducted and a well-structured questionnaire was designed. The validity of this scale was tested in accordance with the psychometric scale development procedure. Findings Contrary to some assertions in past literature, the results suggested service delivery and cost/price as among the most important determinants of the bank selection decisions of consumers. Practical implications The practical implications drawn from this study involve the seven constructs which could be adopted by the bank managers, advertising executives and marketing experts in providing good quality services resulting in overall higher levels of customer satisfaction. These decision makers can apply the constructs from the study to identify factors most appealing to both potential and existing customers and build up effective marketing strategies to attract new customers and retain existing ones. Originality/value This research paper signifies the leading studies for advancing a validated tool to measure the customers’ selection decisions for banks. As a result, this valid and reliable scale would bring standardization to research conducted in the field of bank selection attributes.

The Dyslexia Marker Test for Children: Development and Validation of a New Test

2021 ◽  
pp. 153450842110635
Author(s):  
Trude Nergård-Nilssen ◽  
Oddgeir Friborg
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Phoneme Awareness ◽  
Rapid Automatized Naming ◽  
Marker Test ◽  
Children Development ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Practical Implications

This article describes the development and psychometric properties of a new Dyslexia Marker Test for Children (Dysmate-C). The test was designed to identify Norwegian students who need special instructional attention. The computerized test includes measures of letter knowledge, phoneme awareness, rapid automatized naming, working memory, decoding, and spelling skills. Data were collected data from a sample of more than 1,100 students. Item response theory (IRT) was used for the psychometric evaluation, and principal component analysis for checking uni-dimensionality. IRT was further used to select and remove items, which significantly shortened the test battery without sacrificing reliability or discriminating ability. Cronbach’s alphas ranged between .84 and .95. Validity was established by examining how well the Dysmate-C identified students already diagnosed with dyslexia. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses indicated good to excellent accuracy in separating children with dyslexia from typical children (area under curve [AUC] = .92). The Dysmate-C meets the standards for reliability and validity. The use of regression-based norms, voice-over instructions, easy scoring procedures, accurate timing, and automatic computation of scores, make the test a useful tool. It may be used in as part screening procedure, and as part of a diagnostic assessment. Limitations and practical implications are discussed.

Consumers’ luxury value perception in the Brazilian premium beer market

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Marini Thomé ◽  
Guilherme da Mata Pinho ◽  
Daiane Pereira Fonseca ◽  
Ariel Barros Pirangy Soares
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Value Perception ◽  
Beer Consumption ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the consumers’ luxury value perception in Brazilian premium beer market. Design/methodology/approach Data from a survey of 418 Brazilian consumers were used to test the research model. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to examine the reliability and validity of the measurement model, and the structural equation modeling was used to analyze the consumers’ luxury value perception. Findings The analytical results showed that the dimensions of social, individual and functional values featured items with high significance. For the fourth dimension (financial value), just one item presented relevance. Along with it, correlation between dimensions was analyzed. All four dimensions have higher significance and great estimates. Research limitations/implications This research was executed in a single country environment. Practical implications Results suggest that the only significant item to the consumers’ luxury value perception in the dimension of financial value is the higher price of premium beers. Other dimensions are well fit for the premium beer market. Originality/value To present date, marketing literature in the beer issue approaches its consumption as an economic phenomenon. This paper develops a notion that beer consumption can also be approached in a luxury consumption perspective. The framework developed in this paper can assist future researchers to consider consumption of different types and levels of beer, based on luxury value perception.

scholarly journals THE DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF THE INTUITION STYLE INSTRUMENT (ISI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 142-153
Author(s):  
Yasir Hayat Mughal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Thinking Style ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Emotional Style ◽  
Development And Validation

Decision making is most important factor in organizations. It was essential to introduce the new instrument which could help the employees to make spontaneous decisions. The mix methods research was used. Data was collected from 511 respondents using survey. Reliability and validity factor analysis (EFA & CFA) identified four dimensions of intuition i.e. experience, judgment, thinking and emotion/gut feeling styles. The main contribution of this study is refinement of analytic-intuitive style dimension by splitting intuition into four more dimensions. Initial instrument was developed having 95 items for five dimensions Emotional Style (26-Items), Experience style (27-Items), thinking style (15-Items), Feeling style (10-Items) and the Judgmental style (12-Items). Thus, total 800 questionnaires were distributed randomly of which 685 were retrieved. The measurement model was developed and tested in the SPSS and AMOS-SEM. The newly developed instrument was found valid and reliable having 12 final items, 3 items for each construct likewsie (experience, judgment, thinking and emotion/gut feeling style.

The impact of AI-enabled service attributes on service hospitableness: the role of employee physical and psychological workload

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailian Qiu ◽  
Minglong Li ◽  
Billy Bai ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Yingli Li
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Workload Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Hospitableness lies in the center of hospitality services. With the infusion of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the hospitality industry, managers are concerned about how AI influences service hospitableness. Previous research has examined the consequences of AI technology based on customers’ assessment while ignoring the key players in service hospitableness – frontline employees (FLEs). This study aims to reveal how AI technology empowers FLEs physically, mentally and emotionally, facilitating hospitableness provision. Design/methodology/approach As the starting point, the instrument for AI-enabled service attributes was designed based on previous literature, hotel FLE interviews, expert panel and a pilot survey, and then validated using survey data. After that, a paired supervisor-employee sample was recruited in 15 hotels, and 342 valid questionnaires covering the constructs were obtained. Findings Factor analyses and measurement model evaluation suggest that the four factors, including anthropomorphic, entertainment, functional and information attributes, explain the construct of AI-enabled service attributes well, with high reliability and validity. Additionally, anthropomorphic, functional and information attributes of AI technology have been found to enable FLEs physically, mentally and emotionally, which further lead to increased service hospitableness. The entertainment attributes do not significantly reduce physical and mental fatigue but lead to positive emotions of FLEs significantly. Additionally, psychological job demand moderates the effects of AI-enabled service attributes on physical fatigue. Practical implications Practical implications can be made for AI technology application and hospitableness provision, in terms of AI technology analysis, job design and employee workload management. Originality/value This research contributes to understanding AI-enabled service attributes and their consequences, extends the conservation of resources theory to AI application context and promotes the research on service hospitableness.

scholarly journals Measuring Green Creativity for Employees in Green Enterprises: Scale Development and Validation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Kaichao Wang ◽  
Zhibin Lu ◽  
Yifei Liu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
Scale Development And Validation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Nomological Validity ◽  
Practical Implications

Although employee green creativity is recognized as the key to the innovation in green enterprises, few studies explores the measurement of green creativity for employees. To address the gap, the present study identifies the major dimensions of employee green creativity and develops a comprehensive, reliable, and valid measurement instrument. According to the 4P’s model of creativity, four core dimensions of employee green creativity are identified, namely, green creative motivation, thinking, behavior, and outcome. Strictly adhering to the process of scale development, employee green creativity scale (EGCS) is constructed and validated. We first develop the items of employee green creativity based on literature review and expertise from academics and practitioners. Next, we examine the validation of EGCS through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using a sample from three large-scale green enterprises (N = 460). Further, we also check the nomological validity of EGCS by testing the effects of determinants (e.g., green transformational leadership, shared vision, and green self-efficacy) on employee green creativity using a new sample from another two green enterprises (N = 169). Results reveal that EGCS is a reliable and valid instrument for capturing employee green creativity in multiple contexts. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN INDUSTRY 4.0 ADAPTATION POTENTIAL SCALE (4IRAPS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Fikret Sözbilir
Keyword(s):  
Associate Degree ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Main Study ◽  
Adaptation Potential ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Potential Scale ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Development And Validation

The aim of this study was to develop a scale that can measure the potential of adapting to Industry 4.0, which refers to the fourth industrial revolution described as a combination of the innovation of various digital technologies rapidly developed in recent years. In addition, the reliability and validity of the Industry 4.0 Adaptation Potential (4IRAPS) is demonstrated. This research was conducted in two stages of a pilot and a main study. The data was collected from 174 participants enrolled in technical and management departments at the graduate and associate degree levels of two different universities. A 50-item questionnaire concerning Industry 4.0 prepared by experts experienced in this field was applied to the participants. As a result of a factor analysis, 30 items and 11 subscales with low a factor load and reliability level were removed from the questionnaire. The reliability and validity of 4IRAPS were verified by” the analyses via PLS-SEM. Finally, the remaining four sub-dimensions referring to Industry 4.0 were labelled as interested, effort for adaptation, readiness, and pessimism. This study developed the first scale of the industry 4.0 adaptation potential. The scale consists of four sub-dimensions and 17 items. It was determined that this scale was statistically reliable and valid.

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