Chlamydia trachomatis in women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): report from a tertiary center in eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Khanal ◽  
S Siwakoti ◽  
D Uprety ◽  
N Poudyal ◽  
A Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
History Of

Chlamydia trachomatis is an important agent of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) globally. Laboratory diagnosis, which is vital for early and appropriate treatment, remains a challenge in resource-limited settings. Our study was undertaken to detect C. trachomatis in women with clinical features of PID. Three endocervical swabs, each obtained from 100 women clinically diagnosed with PID, were subjected to C. trachomatis antigen detection, microscopy and bacteriological culture. Logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors associated with PID. C. trachomatis antigen was present in 6%. The use of hormonal contraception, previous history of PID and a smoking habit were found to have statistically significant association in those who tested positive. Adjunctive use of rapid Chlamydia antigen test with a routinely practiced syndromic approach is beneficial for timely and appropriate antimicrobial therapy in women with PID.

Trichomonas vaginalis, endometritis and sequelae among women with clinically suspected pelvic inflammatory disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 436-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann E Wiringa ◽  
Roberta B Ness ◽  
Toni Darville ◽  
Richard H Beigi ◽  
Catherine L Haggerty
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Wet Mount ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants

ObjectiveTo ascertain the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and investigate associations between trichomoniasis, endometritis and sequelae among women with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).MethodsWe assessed the prevalence of trichomoniasis identified via wet mount and its association with histologically confirmed endometritis, infertility and recurrent PID among 647 women in the PID Evaluation and Clinical Health (PEACH) study. Participants were treated for clinically suspected PID and followed for a mean of 84 months for incident sequelae. Analyses were adjusted for age, race, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium and bacterial vaginosis. Additional adjustments were incorporated for history of infertility (models of pregnancy and infertility), history of PID (recurrent PID), and self-reported partner treatment and intercourse between baseline and 30-day follow-up (persistent endometritis).ResultsT. vaginalis was present in the vagina of 12.8% of women. The odds of having endometritis at baseline were twice as high among women with trichomoniasis as compared with those without (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.9, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.3). Persistent endometritis was highly prevalent at 30 days (52.1%) and more common among women with baseline trichomoniasis (AOR: 2.6, 95% CI 0.7 to 10.1), although non-significantly. Infertility and recurrent PID were more common among women with trichomoniasis, while rates of pregnancy and live birth were lower.ConclusionsT. vaginalis was frequently isolated from the vagina of women with PID in the PEACH cohort. Wet mount microscopy for the identification of motile trichomonads was standard practice at the time of the PEACH study, but likely resulted in an underestimation of true T. vaginalis prevalence. Our findings of modest, although non-significant, prospective associations between trichomoniasis and sequelae are novel and underscore the need for additional investigation into whether T. vaginalis may play an aetiological role in adverse reproductive and gynaecological outcomes.

scholarly journals 183. chlamydia Trachomatis Seroprevalence with a pgp3 Serologic Assay and Association with Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Among Women, United States, 2013–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S220-S220
Author(s):  
Gloria E Anyalechi ◽  
Damien Danavall ◽  
Brian H Raphael ◽  
Katherine E Bowden ◽  
Jaeyoung Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
White Women ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Abstract Background Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) causes pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and other sequelae; however, these associations are not fully characterized. CT serologic assays including Pgp3 ELISA may detect prior CT infection and may better elucidate these associations. We used a serologic Pgp3 multiplex bead array assay (Pgp3MBA) to measure CT seroprevalence in reproductive-age US women and assess the association with PID. Methods We performed CT Pgp3MBA on sera collected from women 18–39 years old during the 2013–2016 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) who had available urine CT nucleic acid amplification test results. Weighted Pgp3MBA CT seroprevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. We also determined weighted prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% CIs of self-reported lifetime PID among women with and without detectable Pgp3MBA and other characteristics to estimate these US national statistics. Results Among 2,339 women, 1,725 (73.7%) had available sera. Of these women, 1,425 (or 93.4% of those with data) were sexually experienced and had a CT seroprevalence of 35.9% (95% CI 33.4–38.4). When weighted for US women, CT seroprevalence was 30.5% (95% CI 26.6–34.4%), ranging from 16.9% (95% CI 11.0–22.8%) among non-Hispanic Asian women to 70.2% (95% CI 62.4–78.0%) among non-Hispanic black women. PID was reported by 4.2% (95% CI 3.1–5.2) of 1,413 sexually-experienced women with PID data or an estimated 3.8% (95% CI 2.6–5.0) of US women. Among US women, estimated PID varied by Pgp3MBA status; 7.3% (95% CI 4.3–10.2) of Pgp3MBA-positive women were estimated to report PID versus 2.3% (95% CI 1.3–3.4) of Pgp3MBA-negative women (PR 3.1; 95% CI 1.7–5.9). PID prevalence did not vary by age, nor self-reported recent sexually transmitted disease among US women, but was higher among non-Hispanic black women compared to non-Hispanic white women (PR 2.2; 95% CI 1.4–3.5). Conclusion Nearly one-third of US women have had CT by Pgp3MBA, with differences by race/ethnicity. Women with prior CT had three times the reported PID prevalence of women without CT. Further serologic research may refine the population-level impact of CT prevention activities, such as recommended annual CT screening, on PID incidence, particularly among non-Hispanic black women. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Direct and Indirect Effects of Screening for Chlamydia trachomatis on the Prevention of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Epidemiology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 854-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sereina A. Herzog ◽  
Janneke C. M. Heijne ◽  
Pippa Scott ◽  
Christian L. Althaus ◽  
Nicola Low
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects

scholarly journals Mycoplasma Genitalium Among Women With Nongonococcal, Nonchlamydial Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine L. Haggerty ◽  
Patricia A. Totten ◽  
Sabina G. Astete ◽  
Roberta B. Ness
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Pilot Sample

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a frequent condition of young women, often resulting in reproductive morbidity. Although Neisseria gonorrhoeae and/or Chlamydia trachomatis are/is recovered from approximately a third to a half of women with PID, the etiologic agent is often unidentified. We need PCR to test for M genitalium among a pilot sample of 50 women with nongonococcal, nonchlamydial endometritis enrolled in the PID evaluation and clinical health (PEACH) study. All participants had pelvic pain, pelvic organ tenderness, and leukorrhea, mucopurulent cervicitis, or untreated cervicitis. Endometritis was defined as≥5 surface epithelium neutrophils per×400field absent of menstrual endometrium and/or≥2 stromal plasma cells per×120field. We detected M genitalium in 7 (14%) of the women tested: 6 (12%) in cervical specimens and 4 (8%) in endometrial specimens. We conclude that M genitalium is prevalent in the endometrium of women with nongonococcal, nonchlamydial PID.

scholarly journals Analysis of the bacterial vaginosis predictive significance in the diagnosis of inflammatory processes in female pelvic minor

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 739-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Loncar
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Vaginal Flora ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Chlamydial Infections

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) has an incidence of 100-200/100,000. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the serum proinflammatory cytokines IL-1? and IFN-? and the presence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) or chlamydia infections (Chl) in women with symptoms of inflammatory processes in the pelvic minor. The study included fifty patients diagnosed with PID and an average age of 32 years. The results of this study revealed that the number of women with BV and PID presented increased IL-1? levels in the serum, whereas in women with chlamydial infections and PID serum the level of IFN-? was increased. The study shows that in patients with PID, in whom there was no diagnosis of BV and infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, the levels of IL-1? and IFN-? were increased. The conclusion of this research points to the importance of monitoring levels of cytokines in patients with homeostasis of vaginal flora disorders in the prevention of PID.

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