Dementia-Free Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Impairment Show Lower Mood and No Deficits of Spontaneous Memory Retrieval

2021 ◽  
pp. 009141502110665
Author(s):  
Michał Wereszczyński ◽  
Agnieszka Niedźwieńska
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Mood Disturbance ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Spontaneous Retrieval

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether spontaneous retrieval deficits could be found in individuals with Subjective Cognitive Impairment (SCI). The sample consisted of 52 participants over 65 years of age (mean age = 76.00; SD = 7.48) with 11 males. We asked 26 individuals with SCI and 26 individuals without SCI to perform a prospective memory (PM) task that had previously demonstrated spontaneous retrieval deficits in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment. The results did not demonstrate the expected differences in a PM task based on spontaneous retrieval [ t(50) = −.05; p = .964, d = .01]. However, participants’ mood did predict their subjective memory complaints ( β = −.51; p < .001) and their subjective assessment of their future memory performance ( r = −.38; p < .01). The findings are in line with numerous studies which have shown that SCI is more related to mood disturbance than to objective cognitive functioning.

scholarly journals Symptoms of Depression in a Large Healthy Population Cohort are related to Subjective Memory Complaints and Memory Performance in Negative Contexts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Schweizer ◽  
Rogier A. Kievit ◽  
Tina Emery ◽  
Richard N. Henson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
General Population ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDecades of research have investigated the impact of clinical depression on memory, which has revealed biases and in some cases impairments. However, little is understood about the effects of sub-clinical symptoms of depression on memory performance in the general population. Here we report the effects of symptoms of depression on memory problems in a large population-derived cohort (N = 2544), 87% of whom reported at least one symptom of depression. Specifically, we investigate the impact of depressive symptoms on subjective memory complaints, objective memory performance on a standard neuropsychological task and, in a subsample (n = 288), objective memory in affective contexts. There was a dissociation between subjective and objective memory performance, with depressive symptoms showing a robust relationship with self-reports of memory complaints, even after adjusting for age, gender, general cognitive ability and symptoms of anxiety, but not with performance on the standardised measure of verbal memory. Contrary to our expectations, hippocampal volume (assessed in a subsample, n = 592) did not account for significant variance in subjective memory, objective memory or depressive symptoms. Nonetheless, depressive symptoms were related to poorer memory for pictures presented in negative contexts, even after adjusting for memory for pictures in neutral contexts. Thus the symptoms of depression, associated with subjective memory complaints, appear better assessed by memory performance in affective contexts, rather than standardised memory measures. We discuss the implications of these findings for understanding the impact of depressive symptoms on memory functioning in the general population.

Executive Function Predicts the Validity of Subjective Memory Complaints in Older Adults beyond Demographic, Emotional, and Clinical Factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
R.-Y. Chao ◽  
T.-F. Chen ◽  
Y.-L. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Objective Measures ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Memory Complaints

Background: Although evidence suggests that subjective memory complaints (SMCs) could be a risk factor for dementia, the relationship between SMCs and objective memory performance remains controversial. Old adults with or without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may represent a highly heterogeneous group, based partly on the demonstrated variability in the level of executive function among those individuals. It is reasonable to speculate that the accuracy of the memory-monitoring ability could be affected by the level of executive function in old adults. Objective: This study investigated the effects of executive function level on the consistency between SMCs and objective memory performance while simultaneously considering demographic and clinical variables in nondemented older adults. Setting: Participants were recruited from both the memory clinics and local communities. Participants: Participants comprised 65 cognitively normal (CN) older adults and 54 patients with MCI. Measurements: Discrepancy scores between subjective memory evaluation and objective memory performance were calculated to determine the degree and directionality of the concordance between subjective and objective measures. Demographic, emotional, genetic, and clinical information as well as several executive function measurements were collected. Results: The CN and MCI groups exhibited similar degrees of SMC; however, the patients with MCI were more likely to overestimate their objective memory ability, whereas the CN adults were more likely to underestimate their objective memory ability. The results also revealed that symptoms of depression, group membership, and the executive function level together predicted the discrepancy between the subjective and objective measures of memory function; however, the executive function level retained its unique predictive ability even after the symptoms of depression, group membership, and other factors were controlled for. Conclusion: Although both noncognitive and cognitive factors were necessary for consideration, the level of executive function may play a unique role in understanding the equivocal relationship of the concurrence between subjective complaints and objective function measures. Through a comprehensive evaluation, high-risk individuals (i.e., CN individuals heightened self-awareness of memory changes) may possibly be identified or provided with the necessary intervention during stages at which objective cognitive impairment remains clinically unapparent.

A-101 PTSD and Personality Traits Influence the Relationship Between Memory Complaints and Memory Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 894-894
Author(s):  
Armistead-Jehle P ◽  
Mattson E ◽  
Nelson N ◽  
Disner S
Keyword(s):  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Neuropsychological Status ◽  
Mediational Role ◽  
Ptsd Severity

Abstract Objective Previous research has shown that post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology may mediate the association between subjective cognitive complaints and objective cognitive performance, however, the precise nature of this mediation is not well understood. The present study aims to expand on these findings by focusing on memory processes and exploring the influence that personality variables may have on the mediational role of PTSD symptoms. Methods In a sample of 196 U.S. military service members and veterans, we administered the PTSD checklist (PCL), Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), Memory Complaints Inventory (MCI), and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Results Overall MCI score (reflecting subjective memory complaints) was associated with both RBANS immediate (β= −0.15, SE = 0.06, p = 0.01) and delayed memory performance (β= −0.13, SE = 0.06, p = 0.02), but PTSD severity mediated both of these relationships (95% CI -0.14, −0.01; 95% CI -0.14, −0.02, respectively). Trait depression moderated the mediation path between subjective memory complaints and PTSD severity (β= −0.02, SE = 0.004, p &lt; .001), but not the path between PTSD and either immediate or delayed memory performance (all p &gt; .05). Conclusion Results suggest that targeting PTSD and depressive symptoms may be a promising treatment for those with subjective memory complaints.

Subjective Memory Complaints and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Simoes ◽  
L.C. Castro ◽  
O. Ribeiro ◽  
T. Salgado ◽  
C. Paz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Subjective Memory Complaints ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Memory Complaints ◽  
Increased Risk

Background:Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC) are common in clinical practice. the clinical significance of these subjective complaints among older individuals is not well understood.Aim:To study and discuss the association between SMC and MCI, underlining the importance of an adequate clinical assessment of SMC in the elderly.Methods:Review of the literature.Results:There is no consistent definition of SMC in the literature. Some prospective studies showed an association with objective memory impairments, conceptualizing SMC as a Pre-Mild Cognitive Impairment. SMC are also currently considered to be a core feature of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Cross-sectional studies and longitudinal studies showed conflicting results concerning the association between SMC and MCI.Discussion:The understanding of the predictive value of SMC in cognitive decline is still poorly understood. It is important to define criteria aimed to increase specificity of memory complaints, allowing an earlier identification of populations with higher risk of MCI. Future research on this complex association is important to identify SMC individuals at increased risk of conversion to MCI and dementia.

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