Conclusion: Digitization and the Continuities of Change in Administrative Information Processing

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1335-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Fleer
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Process Information ◽  
Broad Field ◽  
History Of ◽  
Administrative Information ◽  
Information Media

This article summarizes the findings of the contributions collected in the special issue “The Technology of Information, Communication, and Administration—An Entwined History” dedicated to the accelerated mechanization and the later digitization of administrative information processing in the 20th century. It develops a conceptual framework around the notions of administration, process, information, media, and power that allow for situating the contributions within the broad field of interaction spanned by the materiality of hybrid administrative processes and the ideological dynamics in society. It suggests promising lines of research for further studies in the history of administration and information.

scholarly journals A vueltas con la recuperación del leonés = Rethinking the recovery of Leonese

2020 ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Christian Fernández Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Present Article ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Linguistic Ideologies ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Language Recovery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Do So

<p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p class="Pa8">El presente artículo pretende realizar un análisis sucinto sobre la trayectoria de la recuperación moderna del leonés, así como contribuir al campo de la sociolingüística a través de una valoración sobre las ideologías lingüísticas de las asociaciones involucradas en su protección, activas en la actualidad o en el pasado. Para ello, analizaremos las ideas y discursos que apoyan o refutan posturas hegemónicas y contrahegemónicas dentro del proceso de recuperación lingüística utilizando la teoría del sociolingüista gallego José del Valle mediante la contraposición que es­tablece entre las culturas de la monoglosia y de la heteroglosia, lo cual supone una novedad para entender el marco conceptual de la realidad lingüística leonesa dentro de esta disciplina.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="Pa8">The present article intends to elaborate on the history of the modern recovery of Leonese as well as contributing to the field of sociolinguistics through an analysis of the linguistic ideologies of the associations –cur­rently active or in the past– involved in its protection. To do so, after reviewing the style and language attitudes of the first writers in Leonese of the 20th century, we will focus on the ideas and rhetoric of associations that support or reject hegemonic or counterhegemonic stances within the process of language recovery using the theory of CUNY sociolinguist José del Valle, who establishes an opposition between the culture of monoglos­sia and the culture of heteroglossia. This new approach aims to provide a conceptual framework to understand the Leonese language situation within the field of sociolinguistics.<em> </em></p>

scholarly journals East Asia in Slovenia

Asian Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Nataša Vampelj Suhadolnik
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Asian Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specific Position

This special issue of Asian Studies aims to contribute to the field of European global collecting history by opening new vistas in order to readdress some of the unexplored topics. By presenting East Asian material in Slovenia and reconstructing the intercultural contacts between the two territories, it sheds light on the specific position of the Slovenian territory in the history of Euro-Asian exchanges on the threshold of the 20th century.

Bringing the State Back In: Studying Ukrainian Statehood in the 20th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
Markian Dobczansky ◽  
Simone Attilio Bellezza
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article introduces a special issue on Ukrainian statehood. Based on the conference “A Century of Ukrainian Statehoods: 1917 and Beyond” at the University of Toronto, the special issue examines the relationship between the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917–1920 and the Soviet Ukrainian state over the long term. The authors survey the history of the Ukrainian SSR and propose two points of emphasis: the need to study the promises of “national” and “social” liberation in tandem and the persistent presence of an “internal other” in Soviet Ukrainian history.

scholarly journals Psychotherapy in Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Marks
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second World

Psychotherapy was an invention of European modernity, but as the 20th century unfolded, and we trace how it crossed national and continental borders, its goals and the particular techniques by which it operated become harder to pin down. This introduction briefly draws together the historical literature on psychotherapy in Europe, asking comparative questions about the role of location and culture, and networks of transmission and transformation. It introduces the six articles in this special issue on Greece, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Russia, Britain and Sweden as well as its parallel special issue of History of Psychology on ‘Psychotherapy in the Americas’. It traces what these articles tell us about how therapeutic developments were entangled with the dramatic, and often traumatic, political events across the continent: in the wake of the Second World War, the emergence of Communist and authoritarian regimes, the establishment of welfare states and the advance of neoliberalism.

scholarly journals Book reviews in the history of knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 629-650
Author(s):  
Aleksei Pleshkov ◽  
Jan Surman
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Virtue Theory ◽  
Media Environment ◽  
Epistemic Virtues ◽  
Academic Practices ◽  
History Of

Academic reviewing, one of the communal academic practices, is a vital genre, in which epistemic virtues have been cultivated. In our article, we discuss reviews as a form of institutionalized critique, which historians could use to trace the changing epistemic virtues within humanities. We propose to use them analogously to Lorraine Daston’s and Peter Galison’s treatment of atlases in their seminal work Objectivity as a marker of changing epistemic virtues in natural sciences and medicine. Based on Aristotle’s virtue theory and its neo-Aristotelian interpretation in the second half of the 20th century, as well as on its most recent applications in the field of history and philosophy of science, we propose a general conceptual framework for analyzing reviews in their historical dimension. Besides, we contend that the analysis of reviews should be carried out taking into account their historical context of social, political, cultural and media-environment. Otherwise, one may risks presupposing the existence of an autonomous, disconnected community of scholars.

Introduction: Cultural History Goes Global

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-155
Author(s):  
Marek Tamm
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Conceptual Mapping ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Cultural Movements ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
History Of

This introduction to the special issue on ‘Global Cultural History’ proposes a historiographic and conceptual framework for a ‘global turn’ in cultural history and for the articles gathered in the special issue. It discusses first the ‘archaeology of global cultural history’, i.e. the previous attempts to expand the scope of cultural history and to focus on connections and comparisons. Next, it proposes a conceptual mapping of global cultural history, concentrating especially on two conceptual triads: comparisons, connections and circulations, and scopes, scales and spaces. Third, the global challenge to the Eurocentric periodization of history is addressed, particularly the various attempts to ‘globalize’ these cultural movements and epochs which are traditionally considered genuinely European. Finally, the introduction argues for a cultural history of the globe, for considering ‘the global’ and ‘the globe’ not only as conceptual tools but also as historical objects.

scholarly journals Data in Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-593
Author(s):  
David Sepkoski
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Data History ◽  
History Of Information ◽  
Historical Developments

One of the best arguments for approaching the history of information processing and handling in the human and natural sciences as a “history of data” is that it focuses our attention on relationships, convergences, and contingent historical developments that can be obscured following more traditional areas of focus on individual disciplines or technologies. This essay explores one such case of convergence in nineteenth-century data history between empirical natural history (paleontology and botany), bureaucratic statistics (cameralism), and contemporary historiography, arguing that the establishment of visual conventions around the presentation of temporal patterns in data involved interactions between ostensibly distinct knowledge traditions. This essay is part of a special issue entitled Histories of Data and the Database edited by Soraya de Chadarevian and Theodore M. Porter.

scholarly journals Patterns to scientific internationalism: What can a comparative history of IAU and IUPAP teach us?

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S349) ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Roberto Lalli
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Political Roles ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Developments ◽  
Evolution Of Science

AbstractInternational scientific institutions are preferred settings to explore prominent topics in the transnational approaches to the recent history of science. These include: the dichotomy between universalism and contextualism in the historical evolution of exact sciences; the historical transformation of the ideals of scientific internationalism; the tensions between these historically changing ideals and scientists’ national allegiances; the balance between scientific and diplomatic activities of such institutions; and the issue of how the complex ideological, socio-political roles these institutions play affected the actual evolution of science.Inspired by these overreaching themes, the paper presents a conceptual framework for pursuing a comparative analysis of IAU and IUPAP. A bird’s-eye view of the parallel historical developments of these two unions shows that, in spite of their common origins in the highly politicized context of the post-WWI reconstruction of international cooperation, IAU and IUPAP followed diverging trajectories in many respects. It is argued that a deeper study of these differences might give important insights to properly understand the relevance of specific disciplines’ scientific needs in the way the ideals and practices of scientific internationalism were actualized through the 20th century.

scholarly journals Problematizing Disciplinarity, Transdisciplinary Problematics

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 3-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Osborne
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Technology Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century

This article situates current debates about transdisciplinarity within the deeper history of academic disciplinarity, in its difference from the notions of inter- and multi-disciplinarity. It offers a brief typology and history of established conceptions of transdisciplinarity within science and technology studies. It then goes on to raise the question of the conceptual structure of transdisciplinary generality in the humanities, with respect to the incorporation of the 19th- and 20th-century German and French philosophical traditions into the anglophone humanities, under the name of ‘theory’. It identifies two distinct – dialectical and anti-dialectical, or dialectical and transversal – transdisciplinary trajectories. It locates the various contributions to the special issue of which it is the introduction within this conceptual field, drawing attention to the distinct contribution of the French debates about structuralism and its aftermath – those by Serres, Foucault, Derrida, Guattari and Latour, in particular. It concludes with an appendix on Foucault’s place within current debates about disciplinarity and academic disciplines.

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