The Political Geography of Judaism in Late Imperial Kiev

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 858-870
Author(s):  
Natan Meir
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Life ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Political ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire

This article explores the institutional religious life of the Jews of late imperial Kiev. Jewish residence in Kiev was restricted by the state, and Jewish life was governed by a complex web of government regulations. Drawing on archival documents such as petitions submitted to the government by groups of working-class Kiev Jews, the author’s research investigates the strategies that Jews employed to establish synagogues and other religious institutions and the various challenges that they faced in doing so. It also places this history within the larger context of organized religion in the Russian Empire by drawing comparisons to parallel phenomena among various Christian denominations in the empire.

scholarly journals POLITICAL POLICE OF KOSTROMA PROVINCE AND ITS CADRE PERSONNEL IN 1826–1867

2020 ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Gennadiy G. Bril’ ◽  
Leonid N. Zaytsev
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Order ◽  
State Security ◽  
The Third ◽  
Successful Career ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article examines the process of origin and formation of the political police of Kostroma Province in the mid-19th century. Special attention is paid to the issue of its staffi ng and the wide use of army offi cers for service in the political police. The chronological framework covers a little-studied period of activity of the political police in Kostroma Province. The authors of the article note that the Highest orders of military ranks that had a special place in the appointment of the headquarters and chief offi cers of the political police. On the basis of archival materials, the main directions of service activities of the highest ranks of the political police in the region are analysed. The article reveals the contribution of the gendarmes’ Corps chiefs to the protection of public order during the period under review. The author reveals the attitude of the authorities to literacy among the lower ranks of the gendarmerie. On the basis of historical and archival documents, it is concluded that the successful career of offi cers was promoted by conscientious performance of their offi cial duties, their «excellent-diligent and zealous service». It is concluded that special attention was paid to discipline among the gendarmes. The political police were independent of other branches of government, and were subordinate only to the headquarters of the gendarmes’ corps and the third division of His Imperial Majesty’s own offi ce. Gaps in the historical and legal coverage of the work of the state security Agency in the province of the Russian Empire at the fi rst stage of its existence are fi lled.

scholarly journals Unknown pages from Maria Kantakuzino’s biography

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Victor Tvircun ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Political ◽  
Biographical Data ◽  
Peter The Great ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Russian Empire

Thе present publication is the first in historiography to highlight the unknown pages from the biography of Maria Andreevna Kantakuzino, wife of Foma (Toma) Kantakuzino, Major General of the Russian Army, an associate of Peter the Great. The research is based on documents discovered by the author in the State archives of the Russian Federation. The hallmark of this article is the fact, that the biographical data of Maria Cantacuzino are disclosed in the context of the political events of the 1st quarter of the 18th century, as well as her personal ties and correspondence with statesmen of the Russian Empire, the author reflects the issue of the financial situation of the countess in Russia. At the same time, the publication sheds light on the previously unknown biographical data of Maria Cantacuzino – the time and conditions of her arrival in Russia, the place of residence, as well as the date of her death. This publication, on the basis of archival documents discovered and introduced into scientific circulation, makes it possible to show the property status and possessions of the Cantacuzino family in Russia in the first half of the 18th century, as well as their fate after the death of the owners.

scholarly journals ACQUIRING OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE PEOPLES OF TURKESTAN BY THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

2020 ◽  
pp. 303-308
Author(s):  
Nodira Ibragimovna Alimova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Scientific ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire

The article covers the occupation of Turkestan by the government of the Russian Empire and the looting of rare manuscripts and archival documents of the Uzbek people. In addition, it has been scientifically shown that many Oriental manuscripts, archives of the Khiva and Kokand khanates were confiscated from the libraries of princes’ palaces, madrasahs and mosques in Turkestan and taken to Russian scientific centers. КEY WORDS: Turkestan, manuscripts, archival documents, libraries, scientific centers, the imperial library.

scholarly journals NEWSPAPERS OF THE KYIV GENERAL GOVERNORATE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY: LANGUAGE, CIRCULATION, PERIODICITY OF PUBLICATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Tyshkevych
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Revival ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

The article represents the Ukrainian-language newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate of the early XX century and defines their role in the socio-political life of that time. It should be noted, that out of more than 100 publications, only 9 were in Ukrainian. Despite constant persecution by the tsarist administration, Ukrainian-language newspapers covered all aspects of Ukrainian life under the rule of the Russian Empire. Ukrainian-language newspapers monitored the development of society and the influenced on the formation of the national consciousness of ethnic Ukrainians. The object of the research is aspects of the political life of Ukrainians on the pages of publications: "Hromadska Dumka", "Rada", "Borot'ba", "Slovo", "Selo", "Zasiv", "Mayak", "Svitova Zirnytsia." The mentioned newspapers were published in different periods, but are a valuable source for studying the history of Ukraine at the beginning of the XX century. The purpose of the article is to study the political orientation, the language of publications, and the frequency of Ukrainian-language newspapers in the Kyiv General Governorate in the early XX century. By summing up the role of newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate at the beginning of the XX century, it should be noted, that out of more than 100 publications, published in the Volyn Governorate, Kyiv Governorate, Podil Governorate, only 8 were Ukrainian-language. Nevertheless, despite constant persecution by the tsarist administration, the newspapers reflected all aspects of Ukrainian life under the control of the Russian Empire. Newspaper publications reflected the life of the Ukrainian community while influencing the formation of the national identity of ethnic Ukrainians [1]. It seems that no issue of Ukrainian national life has escaped their pages. Even the slightest manifestation of the cultural or political life of Ukrainians under the government of the Russian Empire found a response in the pages of publications in "Hromadska Dumka", "Rada", "Borot'ba", "Slovo", "Selo", "Zasiv", "Mayak", "Svitova Zirnytsia." Although the mentioned newspapers were published in different periods, they are a valuable source for studying the history of Ukraine in the early XX century, testify to the growth of national and cultural revival of the Ukrainian people in Russian Ukraine. The study can be applied to prepare students and graduates in the field of Historical Sciences and Culturology. The newspapers of the Kyiv General Governorate (Volyn, Kyiv, and Podil Governorate) of the early XX century were researched and systematized by language, circulation, and frequency of publication for the first time. The study can be the basis for further research of the Ukrainian periodicals for the period from 1800 to 1861 of the XIX century.

scholarly journals Educational policy of the Russian Empire and Kazakh intelligentsia formation on the Orenburg Krai territory in the second half of the XIX century

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
Sergey Valentinovich Lyubichankovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Education ◽  
Xix Century

The paper analyzes the changes that occurred in the second half of the XIX century on the territory of the Orenburg Region in relation to the education system in the Kazakh environment. The role of these changes is shown both for the implementation of the imperial policy of acculturation, and for the formation of the Kazakh intelligentsia. The author examined the formation of the Kazakh intelligentsia on the territory of the Orenburg Region as a result of the Kazakh ethnos westernization under the influence of Russian-secular education and public education in this region. It is concluded that with the establishment of the Special Committee for Foreign Education (1866) under the administration of the Kazan Academic District, the Empire took a course toward Russification, which can be interpreted as restricting the cultural identity of the ethnic region and enhancing the use of the Russian language, literature, orthodoxy. The main emphasis was placed on education. The imperial authorities implemented the idea that a single and stable multinational state is possible only if there is a strong ideological base, based on the Russified system of public education. As a result, gradually in late imperial Russia there was a concept of expanding the alien education with the help of enlightened aliens. Gradually a stratum began to form that consisted of Kazakhs who, participating in the cause of education and dedication, supported the government, introduced representatives of the Kazakh ethnos to the expansion of the network of schools, they were educators and teachers. The process of creating schools for aliens implicitly led to the emergence of the Kazakh intelligentsia, which further exacerbated the national Kazakh movement within the Russian Empire.

scholarly journals The Question about the Motives of the Assassination of P. A. Stolypin

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (48) ◽  
pp. 111-121
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Bezarov
Keyword(s):  
Police Department ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Late Imperial ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
Secret Agent

The assassination attempt on the life of P. A. Stolypin, the chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Russian Empire, on September 1, 1911 in Kyiv, made by D. G. Bogrov, a former member of the Kyivan organization of anarchists-communist and secret agent of the Kyiv Security Section of the Police Department, can be considered one of the most mysterious events in the history of late imperial Russia. Despite a large number of published archival documents on the history of this case, in modern historical science there is no unambiguous answer to the questions about the true motives that pushed D. G. Bogrov to commit this violent murder. According to the author, in the motives of the assassination of P. A. Stolypin by D. G. Bogrov, the factor of nationality of the terrorist played some role. D. G. Bogrov, a typical representative of the assimilated Russian-Jewish intellectuals did not become a convinced revolutionary; instead he lacked public recognition of his personal ambitions to satisfy which having the status of a Jewish citizen appeared to be not so simple. Public suicide in the form of an assassination attempt on the life of the famous Russian reformer became for D. G. Bogrov a tragic finale in his painful processes of finding ways to overcome the crisis of identity. Keywords: D. G. Bogrov, P. A. Stolypin, Kyiv, Jews, Russian empire, terrorism, anarchism

Orthodox arrangement of the Pochaiv Lavra in the second third of the XIX century.

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-41
Author(s):  
Ella Volodymyrivna Bystrytska
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Political Motivation ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

Abstract: A series of imperial decrees of the 1820s ordering the establishment of a Greco-Uniate Theological Collegium and appropriate consistories contributed to the spread of the autocratic synodal system of government and the establishment of control over Greek Uniate church institutions in the annexed territories of Right-Bank Ukraine. As a result, the Greco-Uniate Church was put on hold in favor of the government's favorable grounds for the rapid localization of its activities. Basilian accusations of supporting the Polish November Uprising of 1830-1831 made it possible to liquidate the OSBM and most monasteries. The transfer of the Pochaiv Monastery to the ownership of the Orthodox clergy in 1831 was a milestone in the liquidation of the Greco-Uniate Church and the establishment of a Russian-style Orthodox mono-confessionalism. On the basis of archival documents, the political motivation of the emperor's decree to confiscate the Pochayiv Monastery from the Basilians with all its property and capital was confirmed. The transfer to the category of monasteries of the 1st class and the granting of the status of a lavra indicated its special role in strengthening the position of the autocracy in the western region of the Russian Empire. The orders of the Holy Synod outline the key tasks of ensuring the viability of the Lavra as an Orthodox religious center: the introduction of continuous worship, strengthening the personal composition of the population, delimitation of spiritual responsibilities, clarifying the affiliation of the printing house. However, maintaining the rhythm of worship and financial and economic activities established by the Basilians proved to be a difficult task, the solution of which required ten years of hard work. In order to make quick changes in the monastery, decisions were made by the emperor and senior government officials, and government agencies were involved at the local level, which required the coordination of actions of all parties to the process.

Reasons for the Onset of the Uniat Clergy’s Movement Towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the Beginning of the 19th Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 293-317
Author(s):  
Protopriest Alexander Romanchuk
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Latin Church ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Church Service ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article studies the system of pre-conditions that caused the onset of the uniat clergy’s movement towards Orthodoxy in the Russian Empire in the beginning of the 19th century. The author comes to the conclusion that the tendency of the uniat clergy going back to Orthodoxy was the result of certain historic conditions, such as: 1) constant changes in the government policy during the reign of Emperor Pavel I and Emperor Alexander I; 2) increasing latinization of the uniat church service after 1797 and Latin proselytism that were the result of the distrust of the uniats on the part of Roman curia and representatives of Polish Catholic Church of Latin church service; 3) ecclesiastical contradictions made at the Brest Church Union conclusion; 4) division of the uniat clergy into discordant groups and the increase of their opposition to each other on the issue of latinization in the first decades of the 19th century. The combination of those conditions was a unique phenomenon that never repeated itself anywhere.

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