Statistics, Adjusted Statistics, and Maladjusted Statistics

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 193-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay S. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Primary Interest ◽  
Causal Inferences ◽  
Imaginary World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Statistical Adjustment

Statistical adjustment is a ubiquitous practice in all quantitative fields that is meant to correct for improprieties or limitations in observed data, to remove the influence of nuisance variables or to turn observed correlations into causal inferences. These adjustments proceed by reporting not what was observed in the real world, but instead modeling what would have been observed in an imaginary world in which specific nuisances and improprieties are absent. These techniques are powerful and useful inferential tools, but their application can be hazardous or deleterious if consumers of the adjusted results mistake the imaginary world of models for the real world of data. Adjustments require decisions about which factors are of primary interest and which are imagined away, and yet many adjusted results are presented without any explanation or justification for these decisions. Adjustments can be harmful if poorly motivated, and are frequently misinterpreted in the media’s reporting of scientific studies. Adjustment procedures have become so routinized that many scientists and readers lose the habit of relating the reported findings back to the real world in which we live.

The Road Map

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-65
Author(s):  
Emma Gee
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Imaginary World ◽  
Spatial Expression ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The World

This chapter studies the underworld journey of Virgil, Aeneid 6. It examines a series of possible models for afterlife space in Aen. 6. In particular it looks at the underworld journey of Aen. 6 in the light of ancient geographical traditions. We learn that a point-by-point idiom of representing space was much more widespread than you might imagine in antiquity. It’s found across many different genres, involving real and imagined space: geography, poetry, and art. The author argues that idioms of spatial expression are constant across representations of imagined and real space and across image and text. It is possible for Virgil to use the components of a “real” geography to construct his imaginary world. The afterlife is modeled on our concept of the “real” world, but in turn the “reality” we model it on is in large part a construct of the human artistic imagination, of our propenstiy for simplification and schematization. Like a map, the afterlife landscape allows us to simplify and schematize our environment, because it imposes no limits: it is imaginary. The afterlife landscape, in Virgil and elsewhere, acts as a fulcrum between real and imaginary space. There is no strict dichotomy between real and imagined space; instead there is a continuity between the “imagined” space of Virgil’s underworld, and the space of geographical accounts; between the world of the soul and the “real” world.

scholarly journals Discovering Social Desires and Conflicts from Subculture Narrative Multimedia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10241
Author(s):  
O-Joun Lee ◽  
Heelim Hong ◽  
Eun-Soon You ◽  
Jin-Taek Kim
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Real World ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Imaginary World ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Social ◽  
Smart Governance ◽  
Diachronic Changes

This study aims at discovering social desires and conflicts from subculture narrative multimedia. Since one of the primary purposes in the subculture consumption is vicarious satisfaction, the subculture works straightforwardly describe what their readers want to achieve and break down. The latent desires and conflicts are useful for understanding our society and realizing smart governance. To discover the social issues, we concentrate on that each subculture genre has a unique imaginary world that consists of inventive subjects. We suppose that the subjects correspond to individual social issues. For example, game fiction, one of the popular genres, describes a world like video games. Under game systems, everyone gets the same results for the same efforts, and it can be interpreted as critics for the social inequality issue. Therefore, we first extract subjects of genres and measure the membership degrees of subculture works for each genre. Using the subjects and membership degrees, we build a genealogy tree of subculture genres by tracing their evolution and differentiation. Then, we extract social issues by searching for the subjects that come from the real world, not imaginary. If a subculture work criticizes authoritarianism, it might include subjects such as government officials and bureaucrats. A combination of the social issues and genre genealogy tree will show diachronic changes in our society. We have evaluated the proposed methods by extracting social issues reflected in Korean web novels.

Tintagel Footbridge Void for Imagination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Bols ◽  
Matthieu Mallié ◽  
Laurent Ney
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Bridge Design ◽  
Imaginary World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Design Competition ◽  
English Heritage ◽  
Design And Construction

<p>English Heritage published a design competition for a footbridge to offer a better accessibility to the Tintagel Castle. The new bridge links the mainland with the island, the real world to the imaginary world of legends. Its setting is extraordinary, remote. The context is therefore deeply reflected in the bridge design and construction. The bridge looks like and arch, but tells so much more after a closer look. It leaves a void, between present and history, reality and imagination.</p>

scholarly journals Patterns on the Embroidered Textiles Unearthed from the Silk Road I: Animal Pattern

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (27) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Yanghua Kuang ◽  
Rongrong Cui
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
Aquatic Animals ◽  
Imaginary World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Silk Road

<p>Based on the archaeological evidences from the Silk Road, this paper reviews animal pattern on the embroidered textiles of the Han and Tang dynasties (2ndC BC- 9thC AD). The evidences show that animal pattern is widely found on the embroidered textiles unearthed from the graveyards or ancient sites along the Silk Road and particularly rich in variety. Generally, animals on the embroideries from the Silk Road can be categorized into animals of the real world and animals of the imaginary world. The first group consists of a range of real animals, including birds and butterflies which are usually flying in the sky or among the flowers, herbivorous animals like horses, antelopes, deer (especially reindeers) and yaks and carnivorous animals like tigers which are regular seen on the grasslands and aquatic animals like fish and turtles. The second group includes imaginary animals which play an important role in Chinese mythology like phoenixes, dragons and suanni etc. and significant legendary creature in Central Asian mythology like griffins. Besides, historical documents provide more information about animal pattern adopted by embroidered textiles than we have seen on archaeological evidences.</p>

scholarly journals Art and reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataša Vilić
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Real World ◽  
Imaginary World ◽  
The Real ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Artistic Values ◽  
The Relationship

Aesthetics raises the question - Is the relationship between art andreality based on the relationship between the imaginary world in theworks of art and the ”real” world? In the relationship between art andreality, the engaged artist is tasked with witnessing the truth in thelanguage of art. The avant-garde/engaged artists test the foundationsof their own existence. The question/s of the relationship between artand reality is/are reduced to the dimension of freedom. The artist doesnot hesitate to turn his ”primary engagement” into his own ”self-selection”.Engaged artists of the 20th century do not stop at basing theirworks of art on primarily aesthetic and artistic values, but regardpolitical, cultural and existential values as primary. Their rebellionand demand for revaluation of the existing values had a wide echo.Engaged artists of the 20th and 21st century, in their broad artisticexpression, seemed to be guided by the idea, “I rebel therefore I exist“.

Current Issues: Evidence-Based Practice for the Real World: Thoughts on Clinical Education in Communication Disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne K. Bothe
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Education ◽  
Real World ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
University Faculty ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Real ◽  
Language Pathology

This article presents some streamlined and intentionally oversimplified ideas about educating future communication disorders professionals to use some of the most basic principles of evidence-based practice. Working from a popular five-step approach, modifications are suggested that may make the ideas more accessible, and therefore more useful, for university faculty, other supervisors, and future professionals in speech-language pathology, audiology, and related fields.

The Real-World Fellowship

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
LEE SAVIO BEERS
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
The Real
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