scholarly journals Microwave sensor technologies for food evaluation and analysis: Methods, challenges and solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 3433-3448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaozong Meng ◽  
Zhipeng Wu ◽  
John Gray
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
Microwave Sensor ◽  
On Line

Microwave sensor technology is widely accepted as a non-destructive and hygienic means for food evaluation and analysis. However, its applications concentrate on in-lab investigations, which are not widely applied for on-line measurement in food industry. Motivated by the rapid progress of microwave technologies and the lack of on-line measurement systems in industry, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of microwave sensors for food measurement, define the technological gap, and suggest the potential solutions. With a brief introduction to the fundamentals, classification and analysis of the traditional methods and technologies are presented, followed by a discussion of calibration and decision-making methods. Based on the analysis of the cutting-edge microwave sensing technologies, the limitations and challenges facing the present studies are identified. Then, focusing on some new emerging technologies including Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits, antenna array and System on Chip Ultra-Wide Band pulse-based time domain systems, the feasibility and prospective of potential solutions in this particular area are suggested. In addition, integration of emerging Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and new design concepts of the sensor system concerning the practical use for smart manufacturing are also illustrated. The potentiality of the suggested new emerging technologies and integration of ICT to satisfy future digitised industry will be inspirational and of interest to researchers of both microwave engineering and food sectors.

IDENTIFICATION OF KINETIC PARAMETERS IN MULTIDIMENSIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESSES

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
RUDIYANTO GUNAWAN ◽  
DAVID L. MA ◽  
MITSUKO FUJIWARA ◽  
RICHARD D. BRAATZ
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Multiple Characteristic ◽  
Potassium Dihydrogen ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line ◽  
First Time

Advances in sensor technology and increased competition in the pharmaceutical industry have generated significant interest in the identification of models for the solution formation of crystals with multiple characteristic dimensions. A procedure is proposed that uses a small number of batch experiments to identify the kinetic parameters for multidimensional crystallization processes. The parameters are estimated simultaneously from the on-line measurement of infrared spectra and from cross-moments of the crystal size distribution. The identification procedure maximizes the informativeness of the data produced by each experiment, produces an estimate of the accuracy of the kinetic parameters, and allows the consideration of competing hypotheses for characterizing the crystallization kinetics. The parameter identification strategy is applied to the batch crystallization of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which forms two-dimensional crystal from solution. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first time that the kinetic parameters for a multidimensional crystallization process are identified from a small number of batch experiments.

Disturbance detection in wastewater treatment plants

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rosen ◽  
G. Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Fault Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line ◽  
Detection And Diagnosis ◽  
Disturbance Detection

The development in sensor technology has made many wastewater treatment systems data rich but not necessarily information rich. To extract the adequate information from several sensors is not trivial, and it is not sufficient to consider only the time series. Different tools for detecting unusual on-line measurement data and deviating process behaviour are discussed. In this paper various dimension reduction as well as advanced filtering methods are considered in order to extract adequate information for fault detection and diagnosis. Both the operator and the process engineer can take advantage of such methods for proper monitoring of the plant, in particular extreme events and their causes.

Thickness Measurement in the AEM by Macintosh-Based Analysis of Two-Beam Convergent Beam Patterns

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
John F. Mansfield ◽  
Douglas C. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Thickness Measurement ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Beam Dynamic ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Convergent Beam

A method has been developed that allows on-line measurement of the thickness of crystalline materials in the analytical electron microscope. Two-beam convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) patterns are digitized from a JEOL 2000FX electron microscope into an Apple Macintosh II microcomputer via a Gatan #673 CCD Video Camera and an Imaging Systems Technology Video 1000 frame-capture board. It is necessary to know the lattice parameters of the sample since measurements are made of the spacing of the diffraction discs in order to calibrate the pattern. The sample thickness is calculated from measurements of the spacings of the fringes that are seen in the diffraction discs. This technique was pioneered by Kelly et al, who used the two-beam dynamic theory of MacGillavry relate the deviation parameter (Si) of the ith fringe from the exact Bragg condition to the specimen thickness (t) with the equation:Where ξg, is the extinction distance for that reflection and ni is an integer.

Control Strategies for a Highly Loaded Biological Ammonia Elimination Process

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Teichgräber
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
Control Pattern ◽  
On Line ◽  
Treatment Facilities

A nitrification/denitrification process was applied to reject water treatment from sludge dewatering at Bottrop central sludge treatment facilities of the Emschergenossenschaft. On-line monitoring of influent and effluent turbidity, closed loop control of DO and pH, and on-line monitoring of nitrogen compounds were combined to a three level control pattern. Though on-line measurement of substrate and product showed substantial response time it could be used to operate nitrification/denitrification within process boundaries.

On-line measurement of pulverized coal fineness on a 300 MWe power plant with pulsed digital inline holography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiwen Jin ◽  
Xijiong Chen ◽  
Pei Li ◽  
Yonggang Zhou ◽  
Yingchun Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
On Line

Web design skills and competencies: an empirical analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-128
Author(s):  
Francesca Sgobbi
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Web Design ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Knowledge Domains ◽  
Skill Gaps ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
On Line ◽  
Design Skills

The availability of proper human capital represents a key-factor in order to support the current fast pace of diffusion of Internet-based applications. The careful assessment of the skills and competencies required to manage and develop Internet technologies in different application domains represents a necessary step to solve the emerging skill shortage and skill gap problems. While most existing analyses of skill needs in information and communication technologies deal with broad professional categories, the paper focuses the attention on a specific professional figure, the Web designer. By resorting to an on-line questionnaire administered to a sample of Italian Web designers, the paper shows that jobholders recognise greater usefulness to organisational rather than technical knowledge domains. However, perceived skill gaps are larger in the case of technical skills and competencies. Moreover, specialisation paths are emerging.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document