scholarly journals Investigation of the pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of oil-palm solid waste by using Coats–Redfern method

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 298-309
Author(s):  
Fredy Surahmanto ◽  
Harwin Saptoadi ◽  
Hary Sulistyo ◽  
Tri A Rohmat
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Kinetics Of

The pyrolysis kinetics of oil-palm solid waste was investigated by performing experiments on its individual components, including empty fruit bunch, fibre, shell, as well as the blends by using a simultaneous thermogravimetric analyser at a heating rate of 10°C/min under nitrogen atmosphere and setting up from initial temperature of 30°C to a final temperature of 550°C. The results revealed that the activation energy and frequency factor values of empty fruit bunch, fibre, and shell are 7.58–63.25 kJ/mol and 8.045E-02–4.054E + 04 s−1, 10.45–50.76 kJ/mol and 3.639E-01–5.129E + 03 s−1, 9.46–55.64 kJ/mol and 2.753E-01–9.268E + 03, respectively. Whereas, the corresponding values for empty fruit bunch–fibre, empty fruit bunch–shell, fibre–shell, empty fruit bunch–fibre–shell are 2.97–38.35 kJ/mol and 1.123E-02–1.326E + 02 s−1, 7.95–40.12 kJ/mol and 9.26E-02–2.101E + 02 s−1, 9.14–50.17 kJ/mol and 1.249E-01–2.25E + 03 s−1, 8.35–45.69 kJ/mol and 1.344E + 01–4.23E + 05 s−1, respectively. It was found that the activation energy and frequency factor values of the blends were dominantly due to the role of the components with a synergistic effect occurred during pyrolysis.

Investigation of the slow pyrolysis kinetics of oil palm solid waste by the distributed activation energy model

Biofuels ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredy Surahmanto ◽  
Harwin Saptoadi ◽  
Hary Sulistyo ◽  
Tri Agung Rohmat
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Distributed Activation Energy Model ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Kinetics Of

Thermogravimetric Analysis of Different Biomass Materials and the Primary Biomass Components

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Ya Bo Li ◽  
Xu Ming Zhang ◽  
Lei Qiang Zhao ◽  
Qiang Lu ◽  
Chang Qing Dong
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
High Activation ◽  
High Activation Energy ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Biomass Components ◽  
Biomass Materials

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to study the pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of three primary biomass components (cellulose, xylan and lignin) and seven different biomass materials under both of nitrogen and air atmosphere. Based on the experimental results, the pyrolysis and combustion kinetics were calculated. The results indicated that the three primary biomass components exhibited different decomposition characteristics and pyrolysis kinetics. Xylan was the least thermal stable component, while the lignin would form much more solid residues than the cellulose and xylan under the nitrogen atmosphere. Moreover, the pyrolytic devolatilization process of the cellulose had high activation energy, so was the char combustion process of the lignin. The seven biomass materials showed similar pyrolysis characteristics, and poplar wood exhibited high activation energy values in both of pyrolysis and combustion processes.

scholarly journals Kinetic analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) pellets as feedstock for pyrolysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bemgba Bevan Nyakuma
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Kinetics Of

The thermal behaviour and decomposition kinetics of pelletized oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) was investigated in this study using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The OPEFB pellets were heated from room temperature to 1000 ºC at different heating rates; 5, 10 and 20 °C min-1 under inert atmosphere. Thermal degradation occurred in three steps; drying, devolatization and char decomposition. Subsequently, the Popescu method was applied to the TG/DTG data to determine the kinetic parameters of the OPEFB pellets. The activation energy, E, for different degrees of conversion, α = 0.05 to 0.7 are 36.60 kJ/mol to 233.90 kJ/mol with high correlation R2 values. In addition, the drying and decomposition of lignin reactions displayed lower E values compared to the devolatization characterized by high E value of 233 kJ/mol at α = 0.2. This indicates that the devolatization process is slower and requires higher energy requirement to reach completion than the other stages of thermal decomposition of the fuel under inert atmosphere. Keywords: decomposition, kinetics, oil palm, empty fruit bunch, pyrolysis.

Pyrolysis Kinetics and Characteristics of Wood-Based Materials from Municipal Solid Waste

2014 ◽  
Vol 960-961 ◽  
pp. 442-446
Author(s):  
Lin Chen ◽  
Shu Zhong Wang ◽  
Zhi Qiang Wu ◽  
Hai Yu Meng ◽  
Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Apparent Activation Energy ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Analysis ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics

Wood-based materials from Municipal Solid Waste have the potential of covering a significant part of the future demand on gasification capacities. However, their pyrolysis kinetics and gasification behavior has not yet been fully investigated. This paper describes the pyrolysis characteristics of typing paper and Chinese parasol from municipal solid waste applying the non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis, the apparent activation energy and the pre-exponential factor were obtained by kinetics analysis at the heating rate of 10/20/40 oC•min-1.

An Experimental Study of the Coking Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Ebrahimi ◽  
Jafarsadegh Moghaddas
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

The coking process includes two dynamic and isothermal steps. In this process, some factors control the coke formation kinetics. In this research, effects of some important and effective parameters of feed on the quality of petroleum coke were studied. Two hydrocarbon residue feeds; Cracked Fuel Oil (CFO) and Styrene Monomer Tar (SMTAR) were used at 500°C with atmospheric pressure of nitrogen used as an inert gas. Rate of weight loss and gas evolution from these feeds were considered by data of thermal analysis TG (thermogravimetry) and DTG (derivative thermogravimetry). Based on the results, CFO was assigned as the better feed. After selecting better feed, simultaneous thermogravimetry-differential analysis (TG-DTA) was used to study the pyrolysis kinetics of CFO. Samples were heated in a TG-DTA apparatus in nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature range of 37-600°C. The activation energy (Ea) and pre-exponential factor (A) were calculated from the experimental results by using a three stage Arrhenius-type kinetic model and showed that CFO pyrolysis kinetics at temperature ranges 37-285, 320-450 and 467-600°C follows first, second and first order kinetics, respectively. Attentive to temperature increase and reaction progress, activation energy and pre-exponential factor indicated different values at each stage. Also, kinetics of the isothermal step of coke formation was studied during heating of CFO. Samples were reacted in a tube furnace at 450°C and with nitrogen atmosphere. The kinetics of coke formation for petroleum residue was followed by solvent extraction (insolubility in hexane (HI), toluene (TI)) and a development of TI approximate to apparent first order kinetics. The rate constant at this temperature was calculated and it was also observed that the coke formation had been started at a temperature below 450°C.

scholarly journals Kinetic analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) pellets as feedstock for pyrolysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bemgba Bevan Nyakuma
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Kinetics Of

The thermal behaviour and decomposition kinetics of pelletized oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) was investigated in this study using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The OPEFB pellets were heated from room temperature to 1000 ºC at different heating rates; 5, 10 and 20 °C min-1 under inert atmosphere. Thermal degradation occurred in three steps; drying, devolatization and char decomposition. Subsequently, the Popescu method was applied to the TG/DTG data to determine the kinetic parameters of the OPEFB pellets. The activation energy, E, for different degrees of conversion, α = 0.05 to 0.7 are 36.60 kJ/mol to 233.90 kJ/mol with high correlation R2 values. In addition, the drying and decomposition of lignin reactions displayed lower E values compared to the devolatization characterized by high E value of 233 kJ/mol at α = 0.2. This indicates that the devolatization process is slower and requires higher energy requirement to reach completion than the other stages of thermal decomposition of the fuel under inert atmosphere. Keywords: decomposition, kinetics, oil palm, empty fruit bunch, pyrolysis.

scholarly journals Thermogravimetric analysis of co-pyrolysis of coal and waste and used tires

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 02037
Author(s):  
Danlu Pan ◽  
Weiguo Pan ◽  
Weiting Jiang ◽  
Wenhuan Wang ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Waste Tires ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Truck Tires ◽  
Component Material ◽  
The One ◽  
Kinetics Of

Waste tires can be used as a substitute for coal due to the high calorific value. In this study, the co-pyrolysis characteristics of the waste tires (truck tires, liners and nylon tires), pulverized coal and their blends are studied using thermogravimetric analyzer. The pyrolysis of truck tires, liners and coal is characterized by a three stages reaction while the pyrolysis of nylon tires and their blends are four stages. The pyrolysis characteristics of the blends can be expressed by the superposition of the pyrolysis characteristics of the one-component material, indicating the slight interaction of the co-pyrolysis between the waste tire and the coal. The co-pyrolysis kinetics of waste tires, coal and their blends are also investigated. For the blends of coal with truck tires and liners, the increased content of coal reduces the activation energy in the 2nd stage and leads to an increase and then a decrease in the 3rd stage. Different from the former, the activation energy increases with the increase of tire powder in both the 2nd and 3rd stages in the blends of coal and nylon tires. This is attributed to the fact that the nylon tires contain more synthetic rubber than truck tires and liners.

Isoconversional Methods for Kinetic Modeling of Kerogen Pyrolysis Using TG Data

2016 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shawabkeh ◽  
K.S. Abdel Halim ◽  
O. Al-Ayed
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Oil Shale ◽  
Frequency Factor ◽  
Isoconversional Methods ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Kerogen Pyrolysis ◽  
High Level ◽  
Kinetics Of

The pyrolysis kinetics of the Jordanian Lajjun oil shale kerogen was investigated inside a TGA reactor. Kerogen samples (extracted by mineral digestion) were non-isothermally heated at rates varying from 1 to 50°C/min under 350-550C in N2 atmosphere. Friedman, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) models were employed to estimate the kinetic parameters at isoconversional points ranging from 0.1 to 0.9. The value of the calculated apparent activation energy (E) was found to vary with both the employed model and the conversion (x). Using the three models, the calculated increased with from 10 to 30% (low level), and then decreased with from 30 to 60% (medium level). At high level (60 to 90%), however, increased with increase using both KAS and FWO models, while it continuously dropped with increase using Friedman model. The frequency factor (k0) calculated form each model was found to linearly correlate with E. Compared to KAS and FWO models, Friedman' provided a more accurate fit to the experimental data.

Thermogravimetric Analysis of Raw and Demineralized Biomass Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
Wen Yan Li ◽  
Zhi Bo Zhang ◽  
Lei Qiang Zhao ◽  
Qiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Pyrolysis Kinetics ◽  
Pine Wood ◽  
Pyrolysis Characteristics ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
Maximum Weight Loss

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was employed to study the pyrolysis characteristics of two biomass materials (poplar and pine wood) and their demineralized samples under nitrogen atmosphere. Based on the experimental results, the pyrolysis kinetics were calculated. The results indicated that the starting and ending time of devolatilization were delayed after the demineralization of the biomass. For all the materials, the temperature of the maximum weight loss rate occurred at around 390°C, while the maximum values increased a little after demineralization. The pine wood was more difficult to decompose than the poplar wood, due to its high activation energy values. In addition, after demineralization, the activation energy values of the pine wood decreased, while the values of the poplar wood were not significantly changed.

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