The Optiscope Enlarger: A Report of Initial Field Trials

1972 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 320-322
Author(s):  
George O. Hellinger ◽  
Arthur W. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Word Reading ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Low Vision Aids ◽  
Home Reading ◽  
Room Illumination ◽  
Do So ◽  
At Home

□ 1. Thirty consecutively selected low vision patients were evaluated on their performance in viewing a standard near-point chart and selected materials. This was done unaided and then with their customary low-vision aid, first hand-held and then viewed in the Optiscope Enlarger. 2. All subjects demonstrated an ability to read smaller point chart type and to do so at a greater distance with the Optiscope Enlarger. Varied responses on the selected materials might be attributable to word reading difficulties or the effect of the causative defect. 3. Some subjects did better without their low-vision aids or went to distance prescription lenses while using the Optiscope Enlarger. Use of this type of device indicates the necessity for testing for greater distance than normally associated with low-vision aids. 4. Responses of the subjects were 18 favorable, five questionable, and seven negative. It was found that room illumination had to be varied in certain cases. 5. Use of this device would permit simultaneous viewing by parent and child at home, reading at more normal distances, greater word and phrase span, and the viewing of technical diagrams. 6. The results of this evaluation indicate that the Optiscope Enlarger is of substantial value and warrants further investigation.

Reading Longer Words: Insights Into Multisyllabic Word Reading

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Heggie ◽  
Lesly Wade-Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Explicit Instruction ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Instructional Programs ◽  
Morphological Knowledge ◽  
Morphological Complexity ◽  
Reading Accuracy ◽  
Grade 3

Students with persistent reading difficulties are often especially challenged by multisyllabic words; they tend to have neither a systematic approach for reading these words nor the confidence to persevere (Archer, Gleason, & Vachon, 2003; Carlisle & Katz, 2006; Moats, 1998). This challenge is magnified by the fact that the vast majority of English words are multisyllabic and constitute an increasingly large proportion of the words in elementary school texts beginning as early as grade 3 (Hiebert, Martin, & Menon, 2005; Kerns et al., 2016). Multisyllabic words are more difficult to read simply because they are long, posing challenges for working memory capacity. In addition, syllable boundaries, word stress, vowel pronunciation ambiguities, less predictable grapheme-phoneme correspondences, and morphological complexity all contribute to long words' difficulty. Research suggests that explicit instruction in both syllabification and morphological knowledge improve poor readers' multisyllabic word reading accuracy; several examples of instructional programs involving one or both of these elements are provided.

Clinical effect of low vision aids

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y H Ji ◽  
H J Park ◽  
S Y Oh
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Low Vision Aids

Language-Based Difficulties in School-Age Children with Reading Disabilities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn Price ◽  
Karen Wigg ◽  
Virginia Misener ◽  
Antoine Clarke ◽  
Natalie Yeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reading Disabilities ◽  
Word Reading ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Language Difficulties

Background: Reading disabilities (RD) are the most common learning disabilities, affecting 3-7% of school-aged children in North America. RD is associated with increased risk for comorbid language-based disorders including early language delay (ELD), speech sound disorders, and language impairments. Despite decades of research on the relationship between RD and these disorders, questions remain as to the strength of their associations. This study is the first of this size to assess all four disorders in a sample of children with RD. Method: We examined the association these disorders in a large, well-characterized family-based sample, recruited for reading difficulties in school-aged children. Parents of 492 families (674 children) completed a questionnaire that queried ELD, and current speech and language difficulties in their children. Children were also directly assessed for multiple quantitative measures of language and reading. Children were divided into three groups: Reading Disabled (RD), Intermediate Readers (IR), and Typical Readers (TR). Results: We found that the parents of the RD and IR groups reported significantly more ELD and current speech and expressive/receptive language difficulties in their children, compared with the TR group. When examined further, we found ELD was associated with poorer performance on word reading and decoding tasks, as well as with speech and language difficulties. Conclusion: The results demonstrate multiple significant associations between reading difficulties, ELD, speech and language, especially in children with severe RD. The results add to research supporting comorbidity between these disorders and will help inform teachers and psychologists when assessing and treating children’s language-based disabilities.

PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR BERBASIS PENDEKATAN OPEN ENDED PADA MATERI FPB/KPK KELAS IV UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN SISWA DI SD NEGERI TAMBAKREJO 01 SEMARANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambar Widianingrum ◽  
Joko Sulianto ◽  
Rahmat Rais
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Stage 1

The purpose of this study was to describe the feasibility of teaching materials based on an open-ended approach to improve the reasoning abilities of fourth grade students in elementary schools. This type of research is research and development (Research and Development). The subjects of this study were 3 classroom teachers. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative data analysis (data reduction, data presentation and conclusion) and quantitative descriptive data analysis. Based on the results of stage 1 media validation, it was obtained 84.8%, and the results of stage 2 media validation were obtained 94.8%. The result of material validation for stage 1 was obtained 84.6%, and validation for material for stage 2 was obtained 93.3%. The results of initial field trials obtained media 93.7% and material 92.3%. This shows that the teaching material is declared valid and suitable for use. Based on the results of this study, the suggestion that can be conveyed is that teaching materials based on an open-ended approach can be used as a tool for teaching and learning resources for students.

scholarly journals Gaze Interactive and Attention Aware Low Vision Aids as Future Smart Glasses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Bríd Mulvey ◽  
Marek Mikitovic ◽  
Mateusz Sadowski ◽  
Baosheng Hou ◽  
Nils David Rasamoel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Vision ◽  
Low Vision Aids ◽  
Smart Glasses

Orientation to Low Vision Aids

1979 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Dennis K. Kelleher
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Training Sequence ◽  
Low Vision Aids ◽  
Technical Description ◽  
Aids Training

This article orients the reader to numerous aspects of low vision aids, including types of aids, function of aids, training sequence and considerations, a non-technical description of visual acuity, and favorable prognostic factors in using low vision aids. A brief annotated resource list is included.

What Does Science Say About Orton-Gillingham Interventions? An Explanation and Commentary on the Stevens et al. (2021) Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Solari ◽  
Yaacov Petscher ◽  
Colby Hall
Keyword(s):  
Word Reading ◽  
Reading Interventions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exceptional Children ◽  
Reading Research ◽  
Education Science ◽  
Clear Description

A recent meta-analysis published in Exceptional Children (Stevens et al., 2021) looked at the effects of Orton-Gillingham (OG) reading interventions on reading outcomes for students who have word reading difficulties. The results of the study have led to questions and lively conversation among practitioners and reading researchers. One of the things that is important about science is that it is constantly evolving: this is true in education science as much as it is in the health sciences. Because this journal is committed to translating empirical findings from reading research in order to make education science accessible to practitioners, the intent of this commentary is to provide a clear description of the findings reported in this recent meta-analysis, addressing the degree to which they align with those reported in similar reviews of OG interventions. We discuss the degree to which the findings represent an evolution of reading science and their implications for instructional practice, policy, and future research.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Tematik Berbasis Nilai-Nilai Keislaman Kelas VI Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Sumining Sumining
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Initial Field ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Leadership Class ◽  
Thematic Learning ◽  
Islamic Values

Development of thematic teaching materials based on Islamic values, especially those related to the contents of the verses of the Alqur'an and / or hadith as the basis of all science. In the available books, there are no thematic teaching materials that are integrated with the Al-Quran and Hadith, as well as Islamic values ??that are able to implement the core competencies of the 2013 curriculum, namely the competence of spiritual attitudes in thematic learning. The formulation of this research is: (1) producing thematic teaching materials based on Islamic values ??theme 7 (Leadership) class 6 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Jember. (2) to determine the effectiveness of thematic teaching materials based on Islamic values ??in learning. This study uses a research and development research type, the Borg and Gall model which is divided into 10 steps, namely: (1) research and data collection (2) planning, (3) product draft development, (4) initial field trials, ( 5) revising the results of trials, (6) field trials, (7) improving products from field tests, (8) conducting field trials, (9) improving product results, and (10) disseminating and implementing. The testing technique was carried out by comparing the pre-test and post-test values. The data was calculated using the t-test and processed using the SPSS application to determine the effectiveness of teaching materials. The results of this study indicate: the validation test produces an average of 88.79% with the criteria that the book is very suitable for use in learning. In terms of attractiveness, this book is very interesting to use for students, this is based on the results of the questionnaire data given to students with an average of 88.24% with very attractive qualifications. Meanwhile, from the results of the pre-test and post-test based on the t count which shows that it is greater than the t table, it means that the book is effective for use in learning. Keywords: Teaching Materials; Thematic Learning; Islamic Value Pengembangan bahan ajar tematik berbasis nilai keislaman, terutama yang terkait dengan isi ayat Alqur'an dan/atau hadits sebagai dasar dari semua sains. Dalam buku yang telah tersedia tidak ada bahan ajar tematik yang terintegrasi dengan Al-Quran, dan Hadits, serta nilai-nilai Islam yang mampu mengimplementasikan kompetensi inti dari kurikulum 2013 yaitu kompetensi sikap spiritual dalam pembelajaran tematik. Perumusan penelitian ini yaitu: (1) menghasilkan bahan ajar tematik berbasis nilai keislaman tema 7 (Kepemimpinan) kelas 6 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Jember. (2) mengetahui efektifitas bahan ajar tematik berbasis nilai-nilai keislaman dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian pengembangan Research and Development, model Borg and Gall yang terbagi menjadi 10 langkah, yaitu: (1) penelitian dan pengumpulan data (2) perencanaan, (3) pengembangan draf produk, (4) uji coba lapangan awal, (5) merevisi hasil uji coba, (6) uji coba lapangan, (7) penyempurnaan produk hasil uji lapangan, (8) uji pelaksanaan lapangan, (9) penyempurnaan produk hasil, dan (10) diseminasi dan implementasi. Teknik uji coba dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai pre-test dan post-test. Data dihitung dengan uji-t dan diolah menggunakan aplikasi SPSS untuk mengetahui efektifitas bahan ajar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: uji validasi tersebut rata-rata menghasilkan 88,79 % dengan kriteria bahwa buku tersebut sangat layak untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Dari segi kemenarikan, buku ini sangat menarik untuk digunakan pada siswa, hal ini berdasarkan dari hasil data angket yang diberikan kepada siswa dengan rata-rata 88,24% dengan kualifikasi sangat menarik. Sedangkan dari hasil pre-test dan pos-test berdasarkan uji t hitung yang menunjukan lebih besar dari t tabel, berarti buku tersebut efektif untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Kata Kunci: Bahan Ajar; Pembelajaran Tematik; Nilai Keislaman

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