scholarly journals Postmortem Identity Work in Territorial-colonialist Alaska

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-203
Author(s):  
Sine Anahita
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Dead ◽  
And Gender ◽  
State Library ◽  
Historical Photographs ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

Erving Goffman’s dramaturgical ideas about impression management are applied to analyze four historical photographs of deceased children. The photographs are archived at the Alaska State Library and were taken during Alaska’s territorial-colonialist era. This article explains how living photographic subjects, who are often unseen but are symbolized through items visible in the photograph, work with viewers to co-construct social identities of themselves and of the dead children in the photographs. I propose that participants—the seen and unseen subjects, the photographer, and the receiving audience—engage in what Goffman calls frontstage and backstage work to co-construct social identities for the dead children and for the living survivors and to manage the impressions given by the visual images. Further, I propose that the social identities portrayed in the photographs were shaped by social forces and symbol systems external to the persons and settings visible in the images. This article demonstrates that the social systems of family, religion, ethnicity, and gender are especially powerful in co-constructing the symbolic social identities of the participants in the photographs under study. Other issues considered are the social systems of racism, ethnocentrism, and assimilationist policies that targeted Native and immigrant peoples.

Gendered Understanding of Disability and Aging

2018 ◽  
pp. 241-253
Author(s):  
Vaijayanti Bezbaruah ◽  
Nilika Mehrotra
Keyword(s):  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
North India ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
And Gender

In its early conventional sense, disability was largely understood in bio-medical model which subsequently was supplemented with the psycho-social underpinnings of disability. In recent times, the social identities in terms of race, religion, class, caste, and gender add other dimensions to the social science discourse on disability studies. The chapter attempts to inform through the dimensions of age and aging in relation to the disability discourse, drawing from ethnographic cases over a period of research in North India. In the process, this chapter offers an analysis of disability and aging with focusing on the lack of access to social and familial resources for people with disability who are old and people who acquire any kind of disability in their old age. This chapter examines uncertainties experienced by the older disabled and the disabled older persons in relation to the extent of family ties and other social resources in both the rural and urban context.

The Social Cost of Atheism: How Perceived Religiosity Influences Moral Appraisal

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 93-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Wright ◽  
Ryan Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Moral Theory ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
Moral Judgments ◽  
Western World ◽  
Immoral Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
Social Stereotype

AbstractSocial psychologists have found that stereotypes correlate with moral judgments about agents and actions. The most commonly studied stereotypes are race/ethnicity and gender. But atheists compose another stereotype, one with its own ignominious history in the Western world, and yet, one about which very little is known. This project endeavored to further our understanding of atheism as a social stereotype. Specifically, we tested whether people with non-religious commitments were stereotypically viewed as less moral than people with religious commitments. We found that participants’ (both Christian and atheist) moral appraisals of atheists were more negative than those of Christians who performed the same moral and immoral actions. They also reported immoral behavior as more (internally and externally) consistent for atheists, and moral behavior more consistent for Christians. The results contribute to research at the intersection of moral theory, moral psychology, and psychology of religion.

Indirect Agents of Empire

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verity G. McInnis
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Critical Dimension ◽  
British India ◽  
The Social ◽  
Army Officers ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Male Authority ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The U.S

The experiences of army officers’ wives stationed in British India and the U.S. West during the period 1830–1875 offer a critical dimension to understandings of imperialism. This comparative analysis argues that these women designed a distinct identity that blueprinted, directed, and legitimized the ambitions of empire. In feminizing the Army’s ranking system, officers’ wives appropriated and wielded male authority. Military homes—a space where class, race, ethnicity, and gender intersected—functioned as operational sites of empire, and, in managing household servants, officers’ wives both designed and endorsed the principles of benevolent imperialism. Whether adjudicating local disputes, emasculating soldier-servants of lower rank, or enacting the social norms of the metropole, these women confidently executed their duty as imperial agents.

Claiming Social Identities in the Mortuary Landscape of the Late Bronze Age Communities of Macedonia

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-197
Author(s):  
Sevi Triantaphyllou ◽  
Stelios Andreou
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Late Bronze Age ◽  
Burial Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Dead

Burial practices in Late Bronze Age Macedonia do not manifest particularly elaborate traits in terms of grave architecture and prestigious items accompanying the dead. In contrast to practices in the southern mainland, local communities adopted subtler and less homogeneous forms of treating the deceased in an attempt to signify their particular identities in the cultural, political, and symbolic landscape. Recent research has established a special focus on descent in extramural cemeteries, such as the cist grave cemetery with multiple burials at Spathes on Mount Olympus, the tumuli of Western Macedonia and Southern Pieria, the burial enclosures of Faia Petra, and the tumuli at Exochi and Potamoi in Eastern Macedonia. In Central Macedonia, on the other hand, where tell settlements dominate the natural and symbolic landscape, burial practices possess a less prominent place in the social space. The dominant trait here seems to be the absence of formal mortuary practices. Burials may occur within the settlement without special care regarding the treatment of the dead, but with a desire to mark out the links of the deceased with particular residential groups. The handling of death in Late Bronze Age Macedonia emerges therefore as a powerful practice, which was manipulated in different modes by the living communities in order to claim a diverse set of social identities and significant properties in the diverse cultural landscape and the varied political scenery of the area.

scholarly journals ‘Men fall like boiled eggs. Women fall like raw eggs.’ Civilised female bodies and gender relations in British National Hunt racing

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Velija ◽  
Lucinda Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Relations ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Equestrian Sports ◽  
The Social ◽  
Female Bodies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Uk

This purpose of this article is to contribute to the existing research on the gendered nature of equestrian sports by discussing how power relations continue to position females on the margins of National Hunt (NH) racing. In the UK, NH racing is the most male-dominated form of racing; at the time of writing, 100 males hold a professional jockey licence, compared to just 4 females. In this article we draw on figurational sociology, specifically the concepts of the civilised body, interdependence and habitus to offer a critical analysis of the gendered experiences of eight amateur and professional female jockeys. The experiences of female jockeys cannot be understood without considering their networks of interdependencies with trainers, owners, male jockeys, breeders and the wider racing industry. We argue that early involvement in the figuration through family ties supports the development of a gendered racing habitus that influences the social identities of female jockeys who normalise their own limitations. Civilised female bodies are positioned in the figuration as weaker than males and needing protection from potentially risky horses. We argue that because safe horses are chosen by trainers and owners, these limit the opportunities and number of rides for female jockeys, these (gendered) decisions obscure issues of power that enable male jockeys to dominate in the NH figuration.

scholarly journals THE ANTINOMIES OF HABERMAS'RECONSTRUCTION OF HISTORICAL MATERIALISM

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (24) ◽  
pp. 17-50
Author(s):  
Craig Browne
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Material Production ◽  
The Social ◽  
Historical Institution

There are few attempts to reformulate the historical perspective of classical sociological theory comparable to that of Jürgen Habermas’ reconstruction of historical materialism. Habermas considered historical materialism to be principally a theory of social evolution and he sought to revise its conception of historical development. In Habermas’ opinion, the logic of the development of normative structures, social identities and cultural understandings differs from that of material production and the organizational complexity of social systems. My analysis reveals how the major innovation of Habermas’ reconstruction of historical materialism is the ensuing conceptualizations of the social relations of production as forms of social integration and the function of systematically distorted communication in their historical institution. Despite the significant implications of this supplementation of the paradigm of production with a theory of communication, Habermas’ reconstruction of historical materialism is shown to be limited by its inflexible logic of development and disengagement from the conflicts internal to processes of material production. It is proposed that the historical perspective of other strands of contemporary social theory may rectify these limitations through their concern with social creativity, institutional variations and the dialectics of social struggle.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF AN AGGREGATED SOCIAL INCLUSION INDICATOR. DISPARITIES IN THE EUROPEAN UNION ON INCLUSION/EXCLUSION SOCIAL DETERMINED WITH SOCIAL INCLUSION INDEX

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Dorel-Mihai Paraschiv ◽  
Daniela-Ioana Manea ◽  
Emilia Țițan ◽  
Mihaela Mihai
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lgbt Community ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender

When we mention social inclusion, most of us think of political participation, social rights, civil liberties, equal access to race, ethnicity and gender, access to social services and the labour market, basically to a broader concept than social development. Social inclusion is a concept that can actually be defined, which means it can probably be measured. On this basis, a continuous effort is being made to measure the social inclusion elements, so the results can be used to build new indicators that help measure the multiple dimensions of social inclusion: The Social Inclusion Index, the Human Opportunity Index. This paper presents the development, based on multivariate data analysis techniques and methods, of an aggregated indicator of social inclusion for the member countries of the European Union which, besides the traditional variables (GDP), also measures the factors related to civil and political rights, women’s rights or perception of the LGBT community.

Gendered Understanding of Disability and Aging

2022 ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Vaijayanti Bezbaruah ◽  
Nilika Mehrotra
Keyword(s):  
Medical Model ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
North India ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Family Ties ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
And Gender

In its early conventional sense, disability was largely understood in bio-medical model which subsequently was supplemented with the psycho-social underpinnings of disability. In recent times, the social identities in terms of race, religion, class, caste, and gender add other dimensions to the social science discourse on disability studies. The chapter attempts to inform through the dimensions of age and aging in relation to the disability discourse, drawing from ethnographic cases over a period of research in North India. In the process, this chapter offers an analysis of disability and aging with focusing on the lack of access to social and familial resources for people with disability who are old and people who acquire any kind of disability in their old age. This chapter examines uncertainties experienced by the older disabled and the disabled older persons in relation to the extent of family ties and other social resources in both the rural and urban context.

scholarly journals Intersectionality, British criminology and race: Are we there yet?

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alpa Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Construction ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religion And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Missed Opportunity

Intersectionality is the study of overlapping social identities and related systems of oppression, discrimination and domination. From an intersectional perspective, aspects of a person’s identity, for example race, class and gender are understood to be enmeshed. To understand how systemic injustice operates and is produced, a multi-dimensional framework which captures how forms of oppression intersect and are shaped by one another, is necessary. Although the merits of an intersectional approach in criminology have been widely shown and discussed in US scholarship, within British criminology, there have been few analyses that have implemented an intersectional lens – either explicitly or implicitly. Correspondingly, close examination of the social construction of race within the criminal justice system has been largely absent in British criminology. In the following paper, I suggest that these two developments are co-constitutive – that British criminology’s unwillingness to engage with race has resulted in the reticence towards an intersectional approach and vice versa. This is both problematic and a missed opportunity. At a time when much criminological research convenes around the intersection of race, class, religion and gender, the absence of intersectional approaches and the lack of discussion about the racializing consequences of the criminal justice system serve to stymie meaningful debate and advancement of the field.

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