The Affective Self: Perseverance of Self-Sentiments in Late-Life Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda E. Francis ◽  
Kathryn J. Lively ◽  
Alexandra König ◽  
Jesse Hoey
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Reflected Appraisals ◽  
Creative Agency ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
The Social ◽  
Affective Meanings ◽  
Cognitive Construct

The self has long been construed as a rational, cognitive construct; the cognitive decline of dementia has therefore been largely viewed as the loss of self. Through qualitative interviews, we find that persons with dementia strive to maintain a coherent self despite their increasing disability. Using the theories of affect control theory (ACT) and ACT-Self, we illustrate their shift from using denotative (cognitive) meanings to reliance on connotative (affective) meanings in defining the situation and choosing identities to enact. As persons with dementia lose the cognitive ability to access shared definitions and reflected appraisals, their connection to the social world narrows to affective meanings of established sentiments and emotional reactions from others. Our findings underscore the creative agency of self and the limitations of the rationalistic bias of sociology by recognizing an affective self that stands in complement to the generally acknowledged cognitive self.

scholarly journals Qualitative study of affective identities in dementia patients for the design of cognitive assistive technologies

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 205566831668503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra König ◽  
Linda E Francis ◽  
Jyoti Joshi ◽  
Julie M Robillard ◽  
Jesse Hoey
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
The Social ◽  
Emotionally Intelligent

Our overall aim is to develop an emotionally intelligent cognitive assistant (ICA) to help older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD) to complete activities of daily living more independently. For improved adoption, such a system should take into account how individuals feel about who they are. This paper investigates different affective identities found in older care home residents with AD, leading to a computational characterization of these aspects and, thus, tailored prompts to each specific individual's identity in a way that potentially ensures smoother and more effective uptake and response. We report on a set of qualitative interviews with 12 older adult care home residents and caregivers. The interview covered life domains (family, origin, occupation, etc.), and feelings related to the ICA. All interviews were transcribed and analyzed to extract a set of affective identities, coded according to the social–psychological principles of affect control theory (ACT). Preliminary results show that a set of identities can be extracted for each participant (e.g. father, husband). Furthermore, our results provide support for the proposition that, while identities grounded in memories fade as a person loses their memory, habitual aspects of identity that reflect the overall “persona” may persist longer, even without situational context.

scholarly journals The Social Psychology of Occupational Status Groups: Relationality in the Structure of Deference

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-475
Author(s):  
Emily Maloney
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Relational Patterns ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
Network Methods ◽  
Better Than

Affect Control Theory (ACT) can predict the average deference that occupational identities receive from others. These “deference scores” can capture occupational status better than previous operationalizations of prestige. Combining this new measurement of occupational status with social network methods, this article explores the underlying relational patterns hidden within Freeland and Hoey’s (2018) scores of average deference. I construct a complete network of deference relations across 303 occupational identities using Bayesian ACT simulations. A blockmodel analysis of this network resulted in four positions within the occupational deference structure: everyday specialists, service-to-society occupations, the disagreeably powerful, and the actively revered. These are occupational classes that defer to the same occupational identities and receive deference from the same occupations. Exploring the reduced blockmodel provides a more complete depiction of the occupational status structure as measured by ACT.

scholarly journals Operationalizing the Relation Between Affect and Cognition With the Somatic Transform

2021 ◽  
pp. 175407392110149
Author(s):  
Neil J. MacKinnon ◽  
Jesse Hoey
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scales ◽  
Neural Model ◽  
Connotative Meaning ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Psychological Model ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
The Social ◽  
Affect And Cognition ◽  
Level Of Analysis ◽  
Differential Rating

This article introduces the somatic transform that operationalizes the relation between affect and cognition at the psychological level of analysis by capitalizing on the relation between the cognitive-denotative and affective-connotative meaning of concepts as measured with semantic differential rating scales. Following discussion of levels of analysis, the importance of language at the psychological level, and two principles (inextricability and complementarity) summarizing the relation between affect and cognition that are rendered explicit by the somatic transform, we present affect control theory (ACT) and its Bayesian extension (BayesACT) containing the somatic transform. We conclude by identifying examples of inextricability and complementarity in the social science and neuroscience literatures and discussing how our psychological model might be implemented in a realistic neural model.

The socio-emotional basis of human interaction and communication: How we construct our social world

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Scholl
Keyword(s):  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interdependence Theory ◽  
Third Dimension

A review of dimensional research about (the perception of) feelings, non-verbal and verbal communication, behavior and personality reveals in each domain three very similar dimensions. They originated from diverse research areas, often received different names and are conceptually not identical. Yet, the first dimension seems to share in all five areas a general positive versus negative evaluation (e.g. happiness–disgust or friendliness–hostility), the second a strong versus weak characterization (e.g. anger–fear or dominance–submission) and the third dimension an active versus passive impression (e.g. ecstasy–boredom or high–low arousability). These three dimensions are likely to function as fundamental dimensions of interaction and communication as perceived and enacted by humans of all (investigated) cultures. They are interpreted as a universal socio-emotional space that corresponds to an evolutionary need for coordination between individuals. They are implied in the logic of game, exchange or interdependence theory, and manifest themselves in the cultural meanings predicted by affect control theory. The presented overview and reconstruction combines the largely fragmented views of several diverse research domains into a perspective that fosters interdisciplinary understanding and integrative theory-building about human sociality within and between the social sciences with extensions into the natural sciences and humanities.

scholarly journals Bridging the Gender Wage Gap: Gendered Cultural Sentiments, Sex Segregation, and Occupation-Level Wages.

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-151
Author(s):  
Robert E. Freeland ◽  
Catherine E. Harnois
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Gender Composition ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
Occupation Level ◽  
Affective Meanings

The extent to which cultural beliefs about gender shape occupation-level wages remains a central yet unresolved question in the study of gender inequality. Human capital theorists predict that gendered beliefs have no direct effect on occupation-level wages. Devaluation theorists argue that occupations associated with women and femininity are systematically devalued and thus underpaid. We test these explanations using data from the American Community Survey, the Occupational Information Network, and an affect control theory (ACT) data set of affective meanings. We use the ACT data set to operationalize occupational gendered cultural sentiments along two distinct dimensions: evaluation (goodness, caring, warmth) and potency (power, strength, competence). Hierarchical linear models show that potency but not evaluation affects occupational income net of individual and occupational controls. Path analyses show that potency has a direct effect net of occupational traits. The gender composition of an occupation indirectly affects occupational income through potency. The cultural meanings of potency/competence associated with masculinity, rather than the devaluation of feminine nurturant occupations, is the primary cultural mechanism linking gender composition and occupational reward.

Ideal Types of Leadership as Patterns of Affective Meaning

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Schneider ◽  
Tobias Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Max Weber ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Charismatic Leadership ◽  
The United States ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Affective Meaning ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
Affective Meanings

We propose that macro-level ideal types of leadership, as described in the classic work of Max Weber and reflected in the contemporary management literature, are mirrored in micro-level affective meanings. Within Osgood’s three-dimensional affective space, we identify specific patterns corresponding to leadership styles: people evaluate authoritative/transactional leadership as positive, powerful, and neither passive nor active. Charismatic/transformational leadership is perceived as equally positive and powerful but involves a much higher degree of activity-arousal. Finally, coercive leadership is negative, powerful, and active. Based on Heise’s cybernetic symbolic-interactionist affect control theory, we compare cultural representations of business managers in the United States and Germany at different points in time. We demonstrate a shift from transactional to charismatic leadership in the U.S. manager stereotype and a contrasting consolidation of coercive leadership expectations in Germany. We discuss implications for (1) cross-cultural communication and (2) affective meaning as indicator of social change.

scholarly journals An Analytical Frame of Affective Meanings Using Affect Control Theory

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHUICHIROU IKE ◽  
SCHNEIDER ANDREAS ◽  
SMITH W. HERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Control Theory ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
Affective Meanings

scholarly journals Using A Semiotic Metatheory for Theory Understanding, Appraisal, and Use: An Illustrative Social Work Translation of the Affect Control Theory of Emotions

10.18060/128 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
James A Forte
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Scientific Theory ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
Sign Systems ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Social

Charles Sanders Peirce’s creed, “Do Not Block Inquiry,” and his triadic model of the signs serve as the base for a semiotic metatheory of science and scientific theory. Semioticians characterize science as a universe of diverse sign systems, and scientists as members of different language communities.This paper introduces this approach. Affect control theorists ponder and investigate how actors, identities, actions, objects, emotions, and social settings are interrelated during interaction. Semiotic tools and principles guide the translation of the Affect Control Theory(ACT) of emotion. ACT is summarized and appraised for its value in increasing our understanding of human behavior in the social environment, its suitability to social work, and its applicability. ACT technical words are translated into simpler language, ACT displays into words, and ACT’s interactionist language is translated into the language of ecosystems theory. Suggestions for strengthening ACT and for promoting semiotic translation are included.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Empirical Modeling of Identity and Sentiments in Collaborative Groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Hoey ◽  
Mei Nagappan ◽  
Kimberly Rogers ◽  
Tobias Schröder ◽  
Diego Dametto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Control Theory ◽  
Symbolic Interaction ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Empirical Modeling ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Affect Control Theory ◽  
Collaborative Groups ◽  
Affect Control ◽  
The Social

Theoretical and Empirical Modeling of Identity and Sentiments in Collaborative Groups (THEMIS.COG) was an interdisciplinary research collaboration of computer scientists and social scientists from the University of Waterloo (Canada), Potsdam University of Applied Sciences (Germany), and Dartmouth College (USA). This white paper summarizes the results of our research at the end of the grant term. Funded by the Trans-Atlantic Platform’s Digging Into Data initiative, the project aimed at theoretical and empirical modeling of identity and sentiments in collaborative groups. Understanding the social forces behind self-organized collaboration is important because technological and social innovations are increasingly generated through informal, distributed processes of collaboration, rather than in formal organizational hierarchies or through market forces. Our work used a data-driven approach to explore the social psychological mechanisms that motivate such collaborations and determine their success or failure. We focused on the example of GitHub, the world’s current largest digital platform for open, collaborative software development. In contrast to most, purely inductive contemporary approaches leveraging computational techniques for social science, THEMIS.COG followed a deductive, theory-driven approach. We capitalized on affect control theory, a mathematically formalized theory of symbolic interaction originated by sociologist David R. Heise and further advanced in previous work by some of the THEMIS.COG collaborators, among others. Affect control theory states that people control their social behaviours by intuitively attempting to verify culturally shared feelings about identities, social roles, and behaviour settings. From this principle, implemented in computational simulation models, precise predictions about group dynamics can be derived. It was the goal of THEMIS.COG to adapt and apply this approach to study the GitHub collaboration ecosystem through a symbolic interactionist lens. The project contributed substantially to the novel endeavor of theory development in social science based on large amounts of naturally occurring digital data.

OPTIMALISASI PENGELOLAAN PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL EMOSI ANAK USIA DINI

Edupedia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Khulusinniyah ◽  
Farhatin Masruroh
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Emotion Development ◽  
Social Emotion ◽  
The Social

The social-emotionaldevelopment of children is important to be developed from an early age. The emotionaldevelopment in early childhood, takes place simultaneously with their social development. Even there is claim that their emotional development is influenced by their social development. Itcaused by the emotional reactions displayed by early childhood as a response to the social relationships that they live with other people. The emotional development of early childhood can also affect the sustainability of social relationships. Stimulation is an important thing to give by early childhood educators and parents so they can optimize their social emotion development. With this treatment, they can grow into the life ready person in facing the complex future.

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