Assets and Livelihoods of Male- and Female-Headed Households in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (18) ◽  
pp. 2974-2996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Kpoor
Keyword(s):  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Broad View ◽  
Household Assets ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Economic Assets ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Living Circumstances

The consumption expenditure approach indicates that female-headed households are better-off than male-headed ones in Ghana. This approach has been criticized by scholars for being one-dimensional. Thus, this study adopts the livelihoods approach—a multidimensional perspective—to examine the human, social, financial, and economic assets and livelihoods of male- and female-headed households in Ghana utilizing in-depth interviews and a survey. The findings of the study demonstrate that male-headed households have greater assets endowment and better livelihood outcomes than female-headed ones indicating that they are better-off than their female counterparts. Thus, the consumption expenditure approach masks the deprivations of female-headed households in assets endowment and poor livelihood outcomes. The study recommends the need for national surveys to incorporate a household assets and livelihoods dimensions in order to capture a broad view of the living circumstances in these two types of households.

scholarly journals Poverty reduction through women employment in farms and rice mills in an area of Dinajpur district

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
MR Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Household Assets

The study was undertaken to examine the socio-economic profiles of women participated in farms and rice mills activities; to examine contribution of women to household income which reducing their poverty; to identify the factors influencing the level of family income in farms and rice mills labourers; and to identify the problems and constraints of farms and rice mills. Bochagonj Upazila of Dinajpur district was selected purposively for the study considering the availability of large number of farm and rice mill labourers. Sixty samples of each category have been selected by random sampling procedure and primary data were collected by direct interview through a pre-tested survey schedule. The educational status, land holding and other household assets position were improved due to the women’s contribution to overall family income. Patterns of family expenditure remained same before and after the women involvement in farm and rice mill works but increased over time that indicated some significant changes in the level of poverty of the households. Age of the respondents, family size, land holding, number of earning members and respondents’ income contributed significantly to the variability of income and employment. Major problems were nature of the work and the variation in the salary level between male and female labourers. Finally, women contributed a small amount but a significant proportion of their family income and the socioeconomic status of the women farm and rice mill labourers should be improved through direct participation in income generating activities by reducing the male and female discriminations. Keywords: Poverty; Women employment; Farm; Rice mills; Income DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v9i1.8755 JBAU 2011; 9(1): 131-139

Spirituality in Cybercrime (Yahoo Yahoo) Activities among Youths in South West Nigeria

2011 ◽  
pp. 357-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agunbiade Ojo Melvin ◽  
Titilayo Ayotunde
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Cultural Relevance ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Internet Skills ◽  
Depth Interviews

This chapter explores the relevance and adoption of spirituality in cybercrime; the roles of spiritualists; experiences of self-confessed youths that are involved in ‘yahoo yahoo’ activities and the future intentions of youths to engage in cybercrime. This was with a view to providing a socio-cultural analysis of the influence of spirituality in cybercrime (‘yahoo yahoo’) activities among Nigerian youths. Vignette based focus group discussions were held with male and female youths (18-35 years), in-depth interviews with ‘yahoo yahoo’ youths and some spiritualists. Findings showed that spirituality attracts high cultural relevance in life achievements and the conduct of cybercrimes. Perceptions on youths’ involvement in cybercrime activities attracted mixed reactions. To the ‘Yahoo yahoo’ youths, they are playing a game, to other participants; ‘yahoo yahoo’ was a criminal act. Cybercrime among the youths have received the support of some spiritualists within a political economy that creates an enabling environment for cybercrimes and related activities. A few participants indicated future interests in cybercrime if their economic conditions remain unchanged or worsen. In conclusion, we argued that a holistic approach grounded in the cultural system would be more effective in re-orientating and empowering the youths to positively utilizes their internet skills. Thus, curbing cybercrimes would require a process that would not rely exclusively on legal and policing frameworks.

scholarly journals Trust in Police Motivations During Involuntary Encounters

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeleine Novich ◽  
Geoffrey Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Gang Members ◽  
Drug Dealing ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Latino Male ◽  
Justice Model ◽  
Depth Interviews

Problems related to distrust of police, including aggressive and prejudicial police behavior, continue to raise concerns. Using a procedural justice model, the present study examines perceptions of trust or the lack thereof among a subpopulation of young disadvantaged minority youth that routinely come in contact with the police: drug-dealing gang members. In this article, we examine 253 qualitative in-depth interviews comprised primarily of African American and Latino male and female drug-involved gang members, utilizing a comparative analysis, to examine how participants discuss interactions with law enforcement and describe situations where they trust the police or situations where they do not. The findings suggest that the context in which they were stopped operates as a primary differentiating component that shapes their perceptions of trust in the motivations behind police engagement. When stopped by the police for “justifiable” reasons, the participants expressed a trust in the motivations that necessitated the encounter. However, when stopped for reasons, which appeared as unreasonable, our participants voiced a strong sense of distrust in the motivations of the police. These findings suggest that procedural justice scholars should consider the extent to which the type or context of the encounter with the police plays an important role in influencing feelings of trust.

Tragic Beauties: Heroin Images and Heroin Users

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Duterte ◽  
Kristin Hemphill ◽  
Terrence Murphy ◽  
Sheigla Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Common Theme ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Heroin Use ◽  
Heroin Users ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Youth Cultures ◽  
Youth Subculture ◽  
Depth Interviews

We present selected findings from “An Ethnography of Young Heroin Users” concerning media and youth-subculture influences on the initiation and continuation of heroin use among young adults ages 18–25. One hundred and two male and female participants were administered depth interviews and structured questionnaires pertaining to heroin initiation and continuation practices. A number of participants mentioned media depictions of heroin and membership in specific youth cultures in relation to their own heroin use. This complex relationship between heroin use, media, and subcultures is discussed. A common theme emerged from the depth interviews of fatalistic life outlooks, which were often linked with negative childhood experiences as well as with heroin use. Some of these young addicts romanticized heroin use and the tragedy of overdose. These findings are discussed with reference to further research and possible interventions.

Self-proclaimed ignorance about public affairs

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène Joffe ◽  
Robert Farr
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Public Lives ◽  
Depth Interviews

This paper explores the consequences of the socio-historical exclusion of women, and of young people, from public life. It is based upon an empirical study in which depth-interviews were conducted with 96 Britons, male and female, and of a younger and an older generation, concerning their private and public lives. Self-proclaimed ignorance is significantly more likely to be found in the interviews of the women rather than the men, and in those of the younger rather than the older generation. Qualitative analysis reveals that self-proclaimed ignorance is associated with a sense of distance from public affairs. The various manifestations of distance are discussed in terms of exposure to knowledge, the individualistic society's expectations concerning the knowing “I”, the privatized market economy and the effects of modernity itself.

scholarly journals SELAGHIAN TRADITIONAL SANCTIONS UPON A PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC LAW (Study on Serawai Community in Air Nipis District, South Bengkulu Regency)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Tendra Harnata ◽  
Toha Andiko
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Running Away ◽  
Traditional Leader ◽  
Depth Interviews

 This study discusses the issue of the application of selaghian customary sanctions to the Serawai people of South Bengkulu as well as examines the opinion of Islamic law on these sanctions. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive normative legal approach, to unravel the facts found in the field (field research). Based on the data collected through observation and in-depth interviews in the field, it was found that the form of selaghian that is still being practiced is selaghian sebambangan, a type of selaghian performed by a couple (male and female) with both of them secretly running away from the house with no friends, going to the house of a local traditional leader, then being told by someone else to tell the couple’s parents, to pick up the couple and marry them off. Customs impose fines that vary according to the severity of the offense committed. In terms of Islamic law, the provision of customary sanctions in the form of ta’zir punishment is legal and may be carried out as a good custom (‘urf shahih) with the aim of causing a deterrent effect for the perpetrators (zawajir).

The Cognitive Dimension of Household Labor

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Daminger
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Household Labor ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Division Of Household Labor ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Monitoring Progress

Household labor is commonly defined as a set of physical tasks such as cooking, cleaning, and shopping. Sociologists sometimes reference non-physical activities related to “household management,” but these are typically mentioned in passing, imprecisely defined, or treated as equivalent to physical tasks. Using 70 in-depth interviews with members of 35 couples, this study argues that such tasks are better understood as examples of a unique dimension of housework: cognitive labor. The data demonstrate that cognitive labor entails anticipating needs, identifying options for filling them, making decisions, and monitoring progress. Because such work is taxing but often invisible to both cognitive laborers and their partners, it is a frequent source of conflict for couples. Cognitive labor is also a gendered phenomenon: women in this study do more cognitive labor overall and more of the anticipation and monitoring work in particular. However, male and female participation in decision-making, arguably the cognitive labor component most closely linked to power and influence, is roughly equal. These findings identify and define an overlooked—yet potentially consequential—source of gender inequality at the household level and suggest a new direction for research on the division of household labor.

Seeing and Doing Gender at Work: A Qualitative Analysis of Canadian Male and Female Police Officers

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-109
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Police Culture ◽  
Canadian Province ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Police Officers ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Female Officers ◽  
Depth Interviews

This qualitative study examines the ways in which male and female police officers view and enact gender in their workplace. Data were generated from in-depth interviews with 20 active police officers working in a populous Canadian province. Although most male officers deny gender differences and gender bias, female officers describe experiences of workplace sexism and deploy adaptive strategies daily in their workplaces to resist gender inequality. Both men and women describe a masculine-coded ideal police officer and disparage the “old police culture” and “old boy’s club.”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document