Guest Workers as an Automatic Stabilizer of Cyclical Unemployment in Switzerland and Germany

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.E. Kuhn
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Worker ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Automatic Stabilizer ◽  
Economic Stabilization ◽  
West European

This paper examines the effect of varying the employment of foreign workers as an economic stabilization device in two highly industrialized West European countries: Germany and Switzerland. Discussing the migrant worker fluctuations in Switzerland, the author concludes that such a stabilization is not yet possible.

Typical foodstuffs in tourist supply of Istria

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-426
Author(s):  
Olivera Koprivnjak ◽  
Aldo Milotić ◽  
Đordano Peršurić
Keyword(s):  
European Countries ◽  
Cultural Inheritance ◽  
Research Results ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
West European

The tourist supply of every country longs for peculiar quality and identifiability. The typical foodstuffs are one of the climate, cultural inheritance and traditions of a country. In this paper, the authors first explain the definitions and procedures designed by international regulations concerning typical foodstuffs with controlled denomination of origin. The authors have investigated the interests and the opinions of tourists and subjects in trade and catering, about typical foodstuffs from Istria. By comparing the regulations, it was concluded that Croatian regulations do not follow the trends in West-European countries. The research results show that foreign tourists are very interested in typical istrian foodstuffs. However, their interest is lessened because those products are relatively expensive and have no guaranty of quality and origin.

Legal Deposit of Electronic Publications and Other Non-Print Material: An International Overview

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hoare
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Print Material ◽  
International Coordination ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Electronic Publications ◽  
The Uk ◽  
West European

In many countries, including the UK, proposals are currently being made for the extension of legal deposit to electronic and other non-print material. Some countries such as Switzerland and the Netherlands have no national legal deposit legislation, though voluntary deposit works well in the latter. Norway has the most advanced legislation, requiring the deposit of all lands of media. In few countries is any range of material actively handled, and a very few deal with online publications. There is scope for international coordination of proposals through such bodies as CDNL, CENL, IFLA and UNESCO. The aim of totally comprehensive collecting of all published material may be accepted as unrealistic, and some selectively is likely to be necessary. The current situation with regard to deposit of non-print material in 11 west European countries, Australia, Canada and the USA is recounted.

scholarly journals MODEL PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM INTEGRATIF BURUH MIGRAN INDONESIA DALAM MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rasyid Saliman ◽  
E. Vita Mutiarawati
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Industrial Relation ◽  
Migrant Worker ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Cooperation Agreement ◽  
Labor Contract ◽  
The Government

The effort of providing protection for all Indonesian migrant workers abroad is focused on two categories. Firstly, the phase of pre-departure of Indonesian migrant workers in which an approach of cross sectors is carried out by both the Indonesian government and the private agencies in order to prepare them with all the things needed when they arrive at countries of their destination. Secondly is the phase of arrival and post-arrival of Indonesian migrant workers abroad. As in Malaysia, the policy on the arragenment of labor affairs either for Malaysian workers or for foreign workers is officially and legally protected in Labor Act of 1955, Industrial Relation Act of 1967, Trade Union Act of 1959, and in Compensation Act of 1952. The process of labor trials is settled through The Labor Court. This Labor Court no more handles the process of trial of illegally foreign workers. There are needs of establishing Labor Cooperation Agreement (LCA) on the ministerail level, Implementaion Agreement serving as the general policy on the executors level as well as Standardized Labor Contract which has been amended. The establishments of Labor Cooperation Agreement, Implementing Agreement and Standardized Labor Contract should occur before all workers leave Indonesia and are aimed at providing legal protection for every single Indonesian migrant worker. In order that there is no collision between the Malaysian laws and Indonesian laws, the government officials of related issues of both countries must do observations and conduct discussions without neglecting the prevail laws of each country. Any issue of labor affairs should always be referred to the laws of both countries.

scholarly journals A survey of contraception in five West European countries

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Riphagen ◽  
P. Lehert
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Oral Contraception ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
West European

SummaryIn 1984 and 1985, a survey was conducted of 7696 women aged 15–44 living in Italy, France, Great Britain, Spain and the Federal Republic of Germany. The aim of the study was to examine the use of contraceptive methods, the differences in contraceptive use, knowledge of fertility, communication about contraception, motives for choice and the perceptions held by women regarding contraceptive methods, particularly oral contraception. The results show important differences between the countries studied.

Franco Spain at the Origins of the European Agricultural Community

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-100
Author(s):  
Fernando Guirao
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Political System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Franco Regime ◽  
Agricultural Community ◽  
Trade Bloc ◽  
West European

Chapter 2 shows that Madrid faced serious risks when integration threatened agriculture. A West-European agricultural trade bloc threatened Spain’s economy and political system. Fortunately for Franco Spain, the governments promoting agricultural integration soon deserted supranational features and moved into trade talks to offer other west European countries the surpluses they had generated after 1947. Spain concluded a purchasing contract for wheat with France. This and the prospects of wheat from the International Wheat Agreement and the United States, allowed Madrid to avoid bread rationing after the spring of 1952. By the end of the Green Pool episode, Spain had been granted de facto OEEC treatment in agricultural trade. Thus, the proposed European Agricultural Community provided the Franco regime with the opportunity to improve food consumption and overcome a critical threat to its survival.

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