From Power Elites to Influence Elites: Resetting Elite Studies for the 21st Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 153-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine R. Wedel
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Democratic Society ◽  
Public Accountability ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Elite Theory ◽  
Dominant Theory ◽  
The Way

The dominant theory of elite power, grounded in Weberian bureaucracy, has analyzed elites in terms of stable positions at the top of enduring institutions. Today, many conditions that spawned these stable ‘command posts’ no longer prevail, and elite power thus warrants rethinking. This article advances an argument about contemporary ‘influence elites’. The way they are organized and the modus operandi they employ to wield influence enable them to evade public accountability, a hallmark of a democratic society. Three cases are presented, first to investigate changes in how elites operate and, second, to examine varying configurations in which the new elites are organized. The cases demonstrate that influence elites intermesh hierarchies and networks, serve as connectors, and coordinate influence from multiple, moving perches, inside and outside official structures. Their flexible and multi-positioned organizing modes call for reconsidering elite theory and grappling with the implications of these elites for democratic society.

Remembering the Past in Nineteenth-Century Scotland

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prevailing View ◽  
The Way

At a time when the Union between Scotland and England is once again under the spotlight, Remembering the Past in Nineteenth-Century Scotland examines the way in which Scotland’s national heroes were once remembered as champions of both Scottish and British patriotism. Whereas 19th-century Scotland is popularly depicted as a mire of sentimental Jacobitism and kow-towing unionism, this book shows how Scotland’s national heroes were once the embodiment of a consistent, expressive and robust view of Scottish nationality. Whether celebrating the legacy of William Wallace and Robert Bruce, the reformer John Knox, the Covenanters, 19th-century Scots rooted their national heroes in a Presbyterian and unionist view of Scotland’s past. Examined through the prism of commemoration, this book uncovers collective memories of Scotland’s past entirely opposed to 21st-century assumptions of medieval proto-nationalism and Calvinist misery. Detailed studies of 19th-century commemoration of Scotland’s national heroes Uncovers an all but forgotten interpretation of these ‘great Scots’ Shines a new light on the mindset of nineteenth-century Scottish national identity as being comfortably Scottish and British Overturns the prevailing view of Victorian Scottishness as parochial, sentimental tartanry

Space cooperation — paving the way to the 21st century

Space Policy ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-96
Author(s):  
Alain Dupas
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
The Way

The image of a modern shaman. A literary example of Ida Brzezińska

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-134
Author(s):  
Angelika Moskal
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Popular Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Evil Spirits ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Way

Abstract: The shaman figure is most often associated with primitive communities, inhabiting, among others Siberia. The shaman plays one of the most important roles in them - he is an intermediary between the world of people and the world of spirits. Responds to, among others for the safe passage of souls to the other side and protects her from evil spirits. However, is there room for representatives of this institution in contemporary Polish popular literature? How would they find themselves in the 21st century? The article aims to show the interpretation of the shaman on the example of Ida Brzezińska, the heroine of the books of Martyna Raduchowska. I intend to introduce the role and functions of the „shaman from the dead”, juxtaposing the way Ida works (including reading sleepy margins from a rather unusual dream catcher, carrying out souls and the consequences that await in the event of failure or making contact with the dead) with the methods described by scholars shamans. The purpose of the work is to show how much Raduchowska tried to adapt shamanism in her work by modernizing it, and how many elements she added from herself to make the story more attractive.

TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION AND DIGITALIZATION OF HOTEL BUSINESS: OPPORTUNITIES AND PERSPECTIVES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iliya Ivanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
The World ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
Digital Generation ◽  
Scientific Report ◽  
The Way

At the advent of the 21st century, digital technologies have changed the way that hotel industry brings value to tourists around the world. The aim of this scientific report is to present the opportunities and perspectives for hotel business for digital transformation, as a crucial instrument for the growth of the industry and for meeting the needs of the new digital generation of consumers. With its potential, digital transformation is reshaping the industry, giving strategic advantages to companies focused on digital transformation of the business.

scholarly journals The Ethical Experience of Nature: Aristotle and the Roots of Ecological Phenomenology

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan B. Van der Schyff
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Deep Ecology ◽  
Scientific Culture ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Moral Meaning ◽  
Ethical Experience ◽  
The Way

I demonstrate here how Aristotle's teleological conception of nature has been largely misunderstood in the scientific age and I consider what his view might offer us with regard to the environmental challenges we face in the 21st century. I suggest that in terms of coming to an ethical understanding of the creatures and things that constitute the ecosystem, Aristotle offers a welcome alternative to the rather instrumental conception of the natural world and low estimation of subjective experience our contemporary techno-scientific culture espouses. Among other things, I consider how his conception of orexis and eudaimonia (happiness or, as I prefer here, "the flourishing life") might be extended to include the eco-system itself, thus allowing us to better understand the moral meaning of nature. I conclude with a look at the way in which modern phenomenology re-addresses the fundamental Greek concern with ontology, meaning and human authenticity. I consider the ways in which phenomenology reasserts the value of direct human experience that was so important to Aristotle; and I consider how this view, and that of Deep ecology, may help us to experience nature - and all of Being for that matter - in a more authentic, meaningful and altogether ethical light.

scholarly journals THE SCORPIONS LOSE THEIR STING: Challenges to incorporation of the DSO into the SAPS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Minnaar
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
New South ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Special Operations ◽  
South African Police Service ◽  
Direct Contrast ◽  
South African Police ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Way

While it would appear that the motivations to incorporate the Directorate of Special Operations (DSO) or Scorpions into a new South African Police Service directorate are largely politically driven, there are a number of practical obstacles standing in the way of a ‘smooth’ incorporation. Foremost among these is the manner of operations of the Scorpions, the way that they investigate certain crimes by means of prosecution-led teams, and their more effective use of intelligence-driven crime information. This is diametrically opposed to the SAPS investigation modus operandi, which is largely reactive. Furthermore, many of the Scorpions investigators, representing as they do a vast pool of built up experience and expertise, do not want to serve in the SAPS under the latter’s investigating regime. Other sticking points would be the fact that they are paid infinitely better than SAPS detectives, are better funded and resourced, have a far lighter case load (and one shared in a team) – all in direct contrast to members of the SAPS.

scholarly journals Geisha Fever: Changes in the Traditional Entertainment Districts in Kyoto in Response to Excessive Attention from Western Tourists

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2(6)) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Magdalena Grela-Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Tourist Industry ◽  
Popular Discourse ◽  
Living Form ◽  
The Way

In the popular discourse, geiko districts are described as places where traditional culture is preserved in a living form. Although this statement may be considered as true, the geiko community is a part of Japanese society as a whole and does not exist in complete isolation. Being able to survive as guardians of the Japanese tradition, in the 21st century geiko are discovering new opportunities, such as using new media to promote themselves in order to protect their lifestyle. However, outside world has forced them to change the way they manage their business in the districts. By using their own Internet sites, Facebook, Twitter and Instagram accounts to reach new customers, they display their daily routine, one in which traditional culture meets modern ideas. This paper shows the reception of usage of the Internet in traditional entertainment districts of Kyoto and the response of Western tourists to the geisha phenomenon. It appears that overwhelming attention on the part of tourist industry, as well as commercialisation, are becoming a threat to the values which have cemented relationships between customers, geiko and teahouses owners. For instance, while during the so-called “geisha hunting”, tourists often try to take photographs of them at all costs. Considering the aspects of geiko life and processes mentioned above it is worth analysing how the image of the geiko is perceived by Westerners.

scholarly journals REFLECTIONS OF CREATIVITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY CLASSROOM

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Mutlu Soykurt
Keyword(s):  
Effective Teaching ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Teaching Strategies ◽  
21St Century Skills ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Innovative Teaching ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
21St Century Classroom ◽  
The Way

Creativity has long been on the agenda of those innovative and inspirational teachers who have devoted themselves to doing their jobs more effectively. 21st century teachers are required to fit their skills, abilities and thinking skills into the latest improvements and changes in effective learning pedagogies and look for ways not only to make necessary adaptations in their curriculum, but also go beyond to stimulate learners to develop certain thinking skills to learn. This study mainly puts emphasis on innovative teaching strategies and some out-of-the-box ideas about the way teachers should convert their ideas to be effective in class to shed a new light on effective teaching. Keywords: creativity, EFL classes, creative activities, 21st century skills

scholarly journals O habitar solitário em Campo de sangue, de Dulce Maria Cardoso / The Lonely Dwell in Campo de Sangue, by Dulce Maria Cardoso

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (61) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Bruno Mazolini de Barros
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Gaston Bachelard ◽  
Portuguese Literature ◽  
The Way

Resumo: Esta leitura de Campo de sangue (2002), romance de estreia de Dulce Maria Cardoso, busca observar o modo pelo qual o protagonista habita; ou seja, a maneira pela qual ele vivencia o espaço, especialmente suas relações com o ambiente da casa. Utilizando-se de apontamentos da socióloga Marion Segaud, do antropólogo Marc Augé ou do filósofo Gaston Bachelard, entre outros, a interpretação desta obra da autora portuguesa explicita não só um sintoma da contemporaneidade, mas também uma tendência da literatura de Portugal deste início de século.Palavras-chave: romance português do século XXI; habitar; Dulce Maria Cardoso.Abstract: This paper about Campo de sangue (2002), a novel by Dulce Maria Cardoso, aims to observe the way in which the protagonist dwells; that is, the way in which he experiences space, especially his affiliations with the environment of the house. Using notes of the sociologist Marion Segaud, of the anthropologist Marc Augé or of the philosopher Gaston Bachelard, among others, this interpretation of Mrs. Cardoso’s narrative reveals not only a symptom of contemporaneity, but also a tendency of the Portuguese literature of the beginning of this century.Keywords: 21st Century Portuguese novel; dwell; Dulce Maria Cardoso.

scholarly journals Communication in the 21st century. The influence of technology and globalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 09003
Author(s):  
Florina Bran ◽  
Dumitru Alexandru Bodislav ◽  
Anna Kant ◽  
Raluca Iuliana Georgescu
Keyword(s):  
Communication Technology ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Environment ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Technology Market ◽  
Virtual Meetings ◽  
The Way

Research background: This paper highlights the evolution of the way we communicate, especially on how it accelerated to today’s means of communication, resulted as a secondary outcome of the actual covid19 pandemic. We try to elaborate on the evolution of the technology, from the primitive email to today’s Zoom meetings and others powerful tools of collaboration. Purpose of the article: Globalization although it has decelerated as a 21st century standalone tool, it had its powers and paths saved and restored by the use of communication technology that not only stepped up as a key player in the global IT&C market, but also it is pushed to new limits by the involvement of companies like Google and Amazon in pushing virtual meetings at the next level. Our study follows the journey of becoming a global and connected citizen in the 21st century by analyzing the macroeconomic perspective and also by creating an oversight on how the business concepts in the communication technology market will influence the next decade. Methods: The methods will consist of an analysis of the global environment of the IT&C companies and of the most tech-savvy economies. Findings & Value added: The key feature of this research is that it offers an elaborate plan on the next decade will look like in the field of communication from the technological and globalization perspective.

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