scholarly journals Emerging Adults and COVID-19: The Role of Individualism-Collectivism on Perceived Risks and Psychological Maladjustment

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Germani ◽  
Livia Buratta ◽  
Elisa Delvecchio ◽  
Claudia Mazzeschi
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Asymptomatic Carrier ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Perceived Risks ◽  
Psychological Maladjustment ◽  
Medical Reports ◽  
Common Goals

The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has dramatically changed our habits and routines. Uncertainty, insecurity, instability for the present and future, and reduced autonomy and self-directedness, are common feelings at the time of COVID-19. These aspects are very important during emerging adulthood. In spite of the fact that medical reports suggest that youth are less prone to experience COVID-19 infections, emerging adults might be at higher risk for their psychological adjustment. Emerging adults showed higher concerns about their role as a possible asymptomatic carrier than being positive with COVID-19 themselves. Both worries and concerns about COVID-19 and psychological maladjustment may be related to cultural factors. Individualism, collectivism, equality, and hierarchy seem to be meaningful perspectives to take into account. A total of 1183 Italian emerging adults were asked to fill out an online survey during the second week of the national lockdown in Italy. Results showed they reported an accurate perceived knowledge about COVID-19. At the same time, they showed higher worries and concerns about COVID-19 for their relatives, followed by more general/social worries. The lowest score included worries about COVID-19 related to themselves. State anxiety and stress levels were above the normal cutoff, confirming the challenges that emerging adults are facing during the pandemic. On one hand, emerging adults’ collectivistic orientation was related to higher perceived risks of infection; on the other hand, it predicted lower psychological maladjustment, controlling for socio-demographic variables. The study suggests that to fight the COVID-19 pandemic and decrease levels of psychological maladjustment in emerging adulthood, individuals’ cultural orientation such as the wish of sharing common goals with others, interdependence, and sociability, have to be emphasized and promoted as protective factors.

Moving Into the Media World: The Moral Psychology of Emerging Adults in Journalism and Communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 107769582199224
Author(s):  
David A. Craig ◽  
Patrick Lee Plaisance ◽  
Erin Schauster ◽  
Ryan J. Thomas ◽  
Chris Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Moral Identity ◽  
Ethical Ideology ◽  
Transitional Stage ◽  
Virtuous Character ◽  
Recent Graduates ◽  
The Media

A growing body of psychology-based scholarship identifies emerging adulthood as a distinct, transitional stage of life and work characterized by several features, wherein relatively little is known regarding moral development. This study is part of a 3-year, longitudinal project involving recent graduates across six U.S. universities who studied journalism and media-related fields. Guided by emerging adulthood, moral psychology, and media exemplar research, this study analyzes results for 110 graduates who completed an online survey regarding their personality traits, virtuous character, moral reasoning, and ethical ideology. It constitutes the first detailed portrait of moral identity of emerging adults in media-related fields.

Health Communication With Same-Sex and Other-Sex Friends in Emerging Adulthood

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-247
Author(s):  
Brian Ayotte ◽  
Clare Mehta ◽  
Jacqueline Alfonso
Keyword(s):  
Health Communication ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Health Promoting

Objective We examined health-related communication between same-sex and other-sex friends and how communication was related to health-related behavior. Participants Data from 243 emerging adults attending college ( Mage = 18.96, SD = 1.43; 55.6% male) were analyzed. Methods Participants completed measures assessing the frequency in which they talked about and made plans to engage in exercise and nutrition-related behaviors with friends, as well as how often they engaged in exercise and nutrition-related behaviors. Results In general, participants reported more health-related communication with same-sex friends. Health-related communication with same-sex friends was positively related to health behaviors for men and women. However, the pattern of results differed for men and women depending on the topic of communication and the behavior being examined. Conclusion Our study extends the literature by examining the role of sex of friends in health communication and planning and how interactions with friends relate to health-promoting behavior.

Personality maturation among emerging adults and future career success

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-162
Author(s):  
Maor Kalfon Hakhmigari ◽  
Yossi Michaeli ◽  
Daniel J. Dickson ◽  
Miri Scharf ◽  
Shmuel Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Career Success ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Career ◽  
Reflective Capacity

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of maturation processes – personality change and reflectivity as characterized by greater awareness to self and others – during emerging adulthood in predicting career success. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 205 of Israeli emerging adults was followed over a 12-year period. Participants completed measures of self-criticism at age 23 and 29, reflectivity at the age of 29 and subjective and objective career outcomes such as satisfaction with work and level of income at the age of 35. Hierarchical regressions determined the extent that decreases in self-criticism as well as greater reflectivity that predicted future career success. Findings The findings of this paper indicated that greater decreases in self-criticism were longitudinally associated with less frequent negative experiences at work and lesser tendency to have doubts about one’s career. Greater reflective capacity was longitudinally associated with a future higher income, greater career satisfaction and a stronger perception of one’s career as a means to implement inner interests. Research limitations/implications The results of this paper suggest that decreasing negative self-perception and enhancing awareness about self and others might facilitate a future career success. Originality/value This is among the first studies that demonstrate the role of personality maturation during emerging adulthood for future career success.

Parasocial relationships with audiences’ favorite celebrities: The role of audience and celebrity characteristics in a representative Flemish sample

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Claessens ◽  
Hilde Van den Bulck
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Parasocial Interaction ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Parasocial Relationships ◽  
Cultural Proximity ◽  
Celebrity News ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis article provides insight into one form of audience involvement with celebrities: parasocial relationships (PSR). To address several shortcomings in PSR research – focus on TV, confusion between PSI (parasocial interaction) and PSR, use of student samples, neglect of socio-demographic variables – a representative online survey was conducted with 1000 Flemish adults who indicated 382 celebrities as favorites. A new scale reveals that PSR contain two important elements: emotional connections and an analogy with social relationships. Confirming previous research, most favorite celebrities are male, and cultural proximity is especially important for older respondents. In one combined model, respondents’ and celebrities’ (socio-demographic) characteristics are included as potential PSR predictors. This model nuances previous research and reveals that people who are male, older, more lowly-educated, and interested in celebrity news have stronger PSR. Further, stronger PSR are found for local and religious, political, sports, and music celebrities than for film celebrities.

scholarly journals Persecutory ideation and anomalous perceptual experiences in the context of the COVID-19 outbreak in France: what's left one month later?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Bortolon ◽  
Delphine Capdevielle ◽  
Julien Dubreucq ◽  
stéphane Raffard
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
Perseverative Thinking ◽  
Sleep Difficulties

Aims: Beyond the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the public's health, the length of lockdown and its possible psychological impacts on populations around the world is heavily debated. However, the consequences of lockdown on psychotic symptoms have not yet been investigated. Methods: An online survey was run from April 13 to May 11, 2020; a total of 728 French subjects from the general population participated. We assessed the perceived impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, length of self-isolation, diagnosis/symptoms/hospitalisation related to the COVID-19 (oneself and family). Paranoid ideations and anomalous perceptual perceptions were assessed via the Paranoia Scale and the Cardiff Anomalous Perceptions Scale. Measures of negative affect, loneliness, sleep difficulties, jumping to conclusion bias, emotion regulation, and perseverative thinking were also included. Results: Final regression model for paranoia indicated that socio-demographic variables, loneliness, cognitive bias, anxiety, repetitive thoughts and hallucinations were associated with paranoia (R2 = 0.43). For hallucinations, clinical variables as well as the quality of sleep, behavioural activation, repetitive thoughts, and paranoia were associated with hallucinations in our sample (R2 = 0.27). Neither length of self-isolation nor the perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with psychotic experiences in the final models. Conclusions: No evidence was found between a significant impact of self-isolation on psychotic symptoms in the general population in France one month after the lockdown. It nevertheless confirms the preeminent role of several factors previously described in the maintenance and development of psychotic symptoms in the context of a pandemic and lockdown measures.

Customer Satisfaction as Basis for E- Marketing Leadership (A Study Based on Marital Diversity)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bodh Raj Sharma ◽  
Saransh Gupta ◽  
Ankit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Online Shoppers ◽  
Northern City

This study highlights the role of satisfaction for building e-marketing leadership and empirically explores the differences in the customer satisfaction of online buyers. The study tries to discern how segmenting the customer based on marital status may help the online marketers for effective leadership and competitive advantage in the modern globalized market. An online survey instrument was administered to a sample of 200 online buyers from a northern city of India. The respondents were contacted both personally as well as through the emails, social media like Facebook, Whatsapp etc. The instrument comprised items related to online satisfaction along with few variables of demographic variables. The study employed purposive sampling which is appropriate for exploratory type of studies. The findings indicate that online shoppers are moderately satisfied from e-retailers. It is suggested that e-retailers must address issues of customers vibrantly so that customers become highly satisfied which ultimately leads to e-marketing leadership.

The development of self-definition and relatedness in emerging adulthood and their role in the development of depressive symptoms

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C Kopala-Sibley ◽  
David C Zuroff ◽  
Nicola Hermanto ◽  
Keven Joyal-Desmarais
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Personality Factors

According to Blatt (2004; Blatt & Luyten, 2009) and others (e.g., Beck, Epstein, Harrison, & Emery, 1983), establishing positive self-definition and mature relatedness to others represent core lifespan developmental tasks. In a sample of emerging adults, this study examined the effects of the quality of one close friendship and changes in romantic relationship status on the development of maladaptive personality traits from each domain (self-criticism and neediness and connectedness), and the effects of changes in these personality factors on the development of depressive symptoms. Participants consisted of 82 (13 male) emerging adults ( Mage = 19.00, SD = 0.75) and a single corresponding close friend. At baseline, participants and their friends completed measures of the quality of their relationship (i.e., acceptance and autonomy support). At baseline and again 12 months later, participants completed measures of self-criticism, neediness, connectedness, depressive symptoms, and current romantic relationship status. Adjusting for gender and baseline age, structural equation models showed that better friendship quality predicted decreases in self-criticism, which in turn predicted lower levels of depressive symptoms. Entering into a romantic relationship predicted increases in connectedness. Connectedness was unrelated to depression, although increases in neediness over time predicted increases in depressive symptoms. Results highlight the role of one close friend and changes in romantic relationship status in the development of self-definition and relatedness during emerging adulthood, and the role of those personality factors in the development of depression.

scholarly journals The Influence of Emerging Adulthood on the Risky and Dangerous Behaviors of LGBT Populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Christopher Salvatore ◽  
Tarika Daftary-Kapur
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Social Bonds ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Lgbt Populations ◽  
Dangerous Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

During emerging adulthood, traditional social bonds and turning points may be delayed, not present, or may not work in the same manner as they had for prior generations, leading many to engage in risky and dangerous behaviors. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered emerging adults may be at particular risk for engaging in risky and dangerous behavior during emerging adulthood due to the lack of social bonds, reaching of turning points, as well as the historic stigmatization of these populations. Focusing on LGBT populations in the United States, the influence of emerging adulthood on risky and dangerous behaviors is presented; a theoretical examination of the relationship between LGBT populations and risky and dangerous behaviors is provided; the influence of emerging adulthood on LGBT populations is explored; research on the role of emerging adulthoods influence on the risky and dangerous behaviors of LGBT populations is presented; and theoretical and policy implications are offered.

Change in Self-Criticism Across Emerging Adulthood and Psychological Well-Being at Age 35: The Mediating Role of Reflectivity

2019 ◽  
pp. 216769681988219
Author(s):  
Yossi Michaeli ◽  
Daniel J. Dickson ◽  
Maor Kalfon Hakhmigari ◽  
Miri Scharf ◽  
Shmuel Shulman
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Future Outcomes

Recent conceptualization and research in personality development have shown that significant changes in personality taking place during emerging adulthood where young people tend to become more emotionally mature and stable. In line with these contentions, we examined in a sample of 205 Israeli emerging adults the longitudinal association between change in self-criticism across ages 23 and 29 and positive developmental and psychological well-being outcomes at age 35. In addition, we examined the extent to which the association between change in self-criticism and future outcomes would be mediated through reflectivity. Findings indicated that greater decrease in self-criticism during emerging adulthood associated with greater reflective capability at age 29 and both longitudinally associated with greater achievement of developmental tasks and better psychological well-being at age 35. Additionally, associations of decrease in self-criticism with future outcomes were mediated through reflectivity. These findings point to maturity processes that can explain outcomes in young adulthood.

Reasoning About Sexual Assault: The Role of Consent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Kaluza ◽  
Clare Conry-Murray
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Freezing Response ◽  
The Relationship

One hundred and fifty-nine emerging adults (77 men, 82 women) completed an online survey evaluating consent and the acceptability of a sexual act in hypothetical scenarios which varied the response of the protagonist/victim and the length of the relationship. Judgments of the acceptability of sexual acts were strongly associated with judgments of consent. Judgments of consent and the acceptability, responsibility for and deserved-punishment for the sexual act differed depending on the victim responses and relationships lengths. Gender differences were most frequent in the conditions where the victim responded to sexual advances by freezing. Compared to women, men judged the freezing response to be more acceptable, and the perpetrator to be less responsible and less punish-worthy. In addition, men were less likely than women to label responses where the victim froze as rape, though they did indicate they were wrong.

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