External stressors and trajectories of marital quality during the early years of Chinese marriage: Buffering effects of resources at multiple ecological levels

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752110552
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Li ◽  
Melissa Curran ◽  
Emily Butler ◽  
Russell B. Toomey ◽  
Hongjian Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Relational Resources

Drawing from the stress resistance process within the conservation of resources theory, this study examined how resources at multiple ecological levels—personal (self-esteem), relational (spousal support), and social network (relationships with parents and parents-in-law)—moderate the spillover and crossover effects from external stressors to trajectories of marital quality. We used three-annual-wave, dyadic data from 268 heterosexual Chinese couples who were at the beginning stages of marriage. Consistent with theory, personal, relational, and social network resources all buffered the detrimental effects of external stressors for marital quality. Further, nuanced findings emerged, likely given the social cultural context in contemporary China. Specifically, gender differences emerged in whether a specific resource attenuated the detrimental effects of external stressors (e.g., husbands’ vs. wives’ self-esteem attenuated detrimental effects of external stressors). Moreover, opposite patterns existed for the short-term versus long-term results for husbands’ relational resources. In sum, our findings highlight that when helping couples cope with stressors, it is necessary to (a) include available resources at multiple ecological levels (personal, relational, social network) and (b) consider whether social cultural backgrounds may have influenced the effectiveness of a specific resource.

Accentuating Your Masculine Side

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongzeng Bi ◽  
Oscar Ybarra ◽  
Yufang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Agency And Communion

Recent research investigating self-judgment has shown that people are more likely to base their evaluations of self on agency-related traits than communion-related traits. In the present research, we tested the hypothesis that agency-related traits dominate self-evaluation by expanding the purview of the fundamental dimensions to consider characteristics typically studied in the gender-role literature, but that nevertheless should be related to agency and communion. Further, we carried out these tests on two samples from China, a cultural context that, relative to many Western countries, emphasizes the interpersonal or communion dimension. Despite the differences in traits used and cultural samples studied, the findings generally supported the agency dominates self-esteem perspective, albeit with some additional findings in Study 2. The findings are discussed with regard to the influence of social norms and the types of inferences people are able to draw about themselves given such norms.

Nuanced and Dissenting Voices

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy J. Miller ◽  
Grace E. Cho
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
African American Parents ◽  
Dominant Discourse ◽  
Social Positioning ◽  
Conservative Christian ◽  
Bakhtinian Theory

Chapter 4, “Nuanced and Dissenting Voices,” examines the nuances diverse parents brought to their understandings of childrearing and self-esteem. Framed within Bakhtinian theory, this chapter gives voice to African American parents, working-class parents, conservative Christian parents, and mothers, particularly women who had experienced low self-esteem. These parents endorsed self-esteem, but refracted the language of the self-esteem imaginary in ways that made sense, given their diverse values and ideological commitments, social positioning, and idiosyncratic experiences. This chapter also describes the perspectives of two groups from the larger study who challenged key elements of the dominant discourse: grandmothers of Centerville children who raised their children in an earlier era, and Taiwanese parents who grew up in a different cultural context but were temporarily residing and raising their children in Centerville. These two groups of dissenters underscore again the book’s theme that self-esteem is rooted in time and place.

scholarly journals Is behaving unethically for organizations a mixed blessing? A dual-pathway model for the work-to-family spillover effects of unethical pro-organizational behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixiao Chen ◽  
Ho Kwong Kwan ◽  
Jie Xin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Conservation Of Resources ◽  
Pathway Model ◽  
Positive Spillover ◽  
Dual Pathway ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
Mixed Blessing

AbstractThis research examines the mixed work-to-family spillover effects of unethical pro-organizational behavior. Drawing on conservation of resources theory and the work–home resources model, we develop a dual-pathway model to explain such effects. Based on a three-wave field study involving 214 respondents in China, we find engagement in unethical pro-organizational behavior to be positively associated with employees’ organization-based self-esteem and stress at work, which in turn, leads to work-to-family positive spillover and work-to-family conflict, respectively. We also find that performing tensions moderate the mixed effects of unethical pro-organizational behavior on organization-based self-esteem and work stress and the indirect effects of unethical pro-organizational behavior on work-to-family positive spillover and work-to-family conflict. Our findings have theoretical implications for business ethics scholars and practical implications for managers.

scholarly journals Cultural based preconceptions in aesthetic experience of architecture

Spatium ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Stevanovic
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Aesthetic Experience ◽  
Visual Language ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Perceived Reality ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Eastern Traditions

On a broader scale, the aim of this paper is to examine theoretically the effects a cultural context has on the aesthetic experience of images existing in perceived reality. Minimalism in architecture, as direct subject of research, is a field of particularities in which we observe functioning of this correlation. Through the experiment with the similarity phenomenon, the paper follows specific manifestations of general formal principles and variability of meaning of minimalism in architecture in limited areas of cultural backgrounds of Serbia and Japan. The goal of the comparative analysis of the examples presented is to indicate the conditions that may lead to a possibly different aesthetic experience in two different cultural contexts. Attribution of different meanings to similar formal visual language of architecture raises questions concerning the system of values, which produces these meanings in their cultural and historical perspectives. The establishment of values can also be affected by preconceptions resulting from association of perceived similarities. Are the preconceptions in aesthetic reception of architecture conditionally affected by pragmatic needs, symbolic archetypes, cultural metaphors based on tradition or ideologically constructed dogmas? Confronting philosophical postulates of the Western and Eastern traditions with the transculturality theory of Wolfgang Welsch, the answers may become more available.

scholarly journals PERCEPTION OF HOARDING BEHAVIOR AMONG GENERAL POPULATION OF RAWALPINDI AND ISLAMABAD CITIES OF PAKISTAN: AN EXPLORATORY QUALITATIVE INQUIRY

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Fauzia Malik ◽  
Anila Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Hoarding Behavior ◽  
Qualitative Research Methodology

Background: Hoarding is a complex phenomenon that has received extensive attention in recent years. Most studies have been conducted in Western culture with few from other regions of world, which advocates need to explore the phenomenon in different cultural contexts. Objective of this study was to ascertain the perception of hoarding behavior among general population of Rawalpindi and Islamabad cities of Pakistan.Materials Methods: This exploratory qualitative study with grounded theory design was conducted in National Institute of Psychology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan from September 2015-May 2016. Sample of 46 subjects from different socio-cultural backgrounds was selected from otherwise healthy adult (20-60 years) population of Rawalpindi Islamabad cities of Pakistan by purposive sampling. A qualitative research methodology was employed to develop theoretical understanding of phenomenon. Focus group discussions with six groups were conducted to assess existence and phenomenology of hoarding behavior in present cultural framework. Data was analyzed using grounded theory method.Results: Findings of this study support current literature concerning the role of emotional attachments, associated positive and negative affect, certain personality characteristics and early experiences in development and maintenance of hoarding behavior. This study also confirms that material possessions are source of security by providing sense of identity to owner, and are considered symbols of status in society. Finally, it involves the account of socio-cultural aspects like status transformation, with resulting sense of competition, gender role, impact of material deprivation, and religious construction of phenomenon that emerged as more of culture specific elements in indigenous settings of Pakistan.Conclusion: This study addresses factors that underpin major themes in relation to form and prevalence of hoarding behavior in cultural context of Pakistan and discusses the findings in reference to the similarities and differences with extant literature.

Abstract 18368: Social Network Health Interventions: Can Mayweather and Pacquiao “Knock-out” Health Disparities?

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Cadeiras ◽  
Min Choi ◽  
Charlotte Starling ◽  
Saad Soroya ◽  
Maral Bakir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Content Delivery ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Social Network Intervention ◽  
Key Factor

Background: A key factor underlying health disparity is the lack of interrelatedness. Social Media has become a very popular form of interaction among both minorities and non-minorities. Any single day millions interact through social media reducing the distance between people from diverse cultural backgrounds. We hypothesized that targeted social network intervention strategies effectively reach minorities to promote cardiovascular disease awareness. Method: We used the popular social media platform Twitter to deliver content during regular times or during major events involving people with mixed backgrounds. We first developed a diverse social media community; we then engaged with the audience, identified influencers and delivered different types of content at different moments, linked or unlinked to trending hashtags. We evaluated general social media metrics including impressions, engagement and behavior. Results: There was a significant variation in our ability to reach the audience, cause an impression and trigger a behavior. Trending Hashtag targeting was associated with the highest exposure, however with low engagement rates. Influencer-driven content delivery was linked to highest enrichment and intermediate exposure while non-targeted content delivery was associated with the lowest exposure and engagement rates. Other factors including the time of delivery, quality, type and content were also important determinants of effectiveness. The figure shows an example of a single “tweet” during the May 2, 2015 Mayweather-Pacquiao Box event and the exposed network. Conclusion: Carefully planned Social Network Health interventions are highly effective to reach and engage mixed audiences and influence peers to increase awareness about cardiovascular health. Social media and big data analytics allows the development of novel strategies responsive to the specific needs of culturally diverse audiences.

Intangible supply chain complexity, organizational structure and firm performance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushpesh Pant ◽  
Shantanu Dutta ◽  
S.P. Sarmah
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Organizational Structure ◽  
Business Group ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Objective Understanding

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to conduct a large-sample empirical examination of how intangible supply chain complexity impacts firm performance in light of a firm's organizational structure.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses panel data from 2,580 Indian manufacturing firms and constructs empirical proxy for intangible supply chain complexity, i.e. CHQ distance from major cities. The proposed conceptual model is grounded in the dynamic capability view (DCV) and social network theory (SNT). Multivariate regression analyses are performed to investigate the effect of intangible complexity on firm performance.FindingsResults show that intangible supply chain complexity, as proxied by “CHQ distance from major cities”, negatively affects firm performance and a firm's organizational structure plays an important role in conceiving CHQ locational strategies. Firms with interconnected supply chain and social network (e.g. business group firms) have a higher propensity to locate their CHQs farther away from major cities, and business group firms that have more distantly located CHQs experience better financial performance compared to independent firms (with less network resources).Originality/valueIn light of the supply chain literature and relevant theories, the study conceptualizes intangible supply chain complexity as “CHQ distance from major cities” and deepens our understanding of the relationship between intangible complexity and firm performance in light of organizational structure. Further, it develops an objective understanding of intangible supply chain complexity by relying on secondary panel data.

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