scholarly journals Non-invasive methods for measuring vascular changes in neurovascular headaches

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik W Schytz ◽  
Faisal M Amin ◽  
Juliette Selb ◽  
David A Boas
Keyword(s):  
Migraine Without Aura ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Cerebral Vessels ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Vascular Changes

Vascular changes during spontaneous headache attacks have been studied over the last 30 years. The interest in cerebral vessels in headache research was initially due to the hypothesis of cerebral vessels as the pain source. Here, we review the knowledge gained by measuring the cerebral vasculature during spontaneous primary headache attacks with the use of single photon emission tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), magnetic resonance imaging (MRA) and transcranial Doppler (TCD). Furthermore, the use of near-infrared spectroscopy in headache research is reviewed. Existing TCD studies of migraine and other headache disorders do not provide solid evidence for cerebral blood flow velocity changes during spontaneous attacks of migraine headache. SPECT studies have clearly shown cortical vascular changes following migraine aura and the differences between migraine with aura compared to migraine without aura. PET studies have shown focal activation in brain structures related to headache, but whether the changes are specific to different primary headaches have yet to be demonstrated. MR angiography has shown precise changes in large cerebral vessels during spontaneous migraine without aura attacks. Future development in more precise imaging methods may further elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms in primary headaches.

scholarly journals The Core of Medical Imaging: State of the Art and Perspectives on the Detectors

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 1642
Author(s):  
Maria Filomena Santarelli ◽  
Giulio Giovannetti ◽  
Valentina Hartwig ◽  
Simona Celi ◽  
Vincenzo Positano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission

In this review, the roles of detectors in various medical imaging techniques were described. Ultrasound, optical (near-infrared spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography) and thermal imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, single-photon emission tomography, positron emission tomography were the imaging modalities considered. For each methodology, the state of the art of detectors mainly used in the systems was described, emphasizing new technologies applied.

Clinical applications of single photon emission tomography in neuromedicine

2000 ◽  
Vol 39 (08) ◽  
pp. 218-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Grünwald ◽  
T. Kuwert ◽  
K. Tatsch ◽  
O. Sabri ◽  
O. Benkert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Receptor Ligands ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Dementing Disorders ◽  
Photon Emission Tomography

SummaryThis article gives in his second part a critical review of the clinical applications of SPECT with perfusion markers and receptor ligands in dementing disorders and psychosis. In addition this review discusses clinical applications of SPECT investigations with perfusion markers in inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system and in brain trauma.

scholarly journals PET and SPECT Imaging of the EGFR Family (RTK Class I) in Oncology

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3663
Author(s):  
Sara S. Rinne ◽  
Anna Orlova ◽  
Vladimir Tolmachev
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Spect Imaging ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Class I ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Endogenous Expression ◽  
Egfr Family

The human epidermal growth factor receptor family (EGFR-family, other designations: HER family, RTK Class I) is strongly linked to oncogenic transformation. Its members are frequently overexpressed in cancer and have become attractive targets for cancer therapy. To ensure effective patient care, potential responders to HER-targeted therapy need to be identified. Radionuclide molecular imaging can be a key asset for the detection of overexpression of EGFR-family members. It meets the need for repeatable whole-body assessment of the molecular disease profile, solving problems of heterogeneity and expression alterations over time. Tracer development is a multifactorial process. The optimal tracer design depends on the application and the particular challenges of the molecular target (target expression in tumors, endogenous expression in healthy tissue, accessibility). We have herein summarized the recent preclinical and clinical data on agents for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Tomography (SPECT) imaging of EGFR-family receptors in oncology. Antibody-based tracers are still extensively investigated. However, their dominance starts to be challenged by a number of tracers based on different classes of targeting proteins. Among these, engineered scaffold proteins (ESP) and single domain antibodies (sdAb) show highly encouraging results in clinical studies marking a noticeable trend towards the use of smaller sized agents for HER imaging.

scholarly journals The slope of cerebral oxyhemoglobin oscillation is associated with vascular reserve capacity in large artery steno-occlusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Jung Kim ◽  
Jae-Myoung Kim ◽  
Soo-Hyun Park ◽  
Jong-Kwan Choi ◽  
Hyeon-Min Bae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Vascular Reserve ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

AbstractInadequate cerebral perfusion is a risk factor for cerebral ischemia in patients with large artery steno-occlusion. We investigated whether prefrontal oxyhemoglobin oscillation (ΔHbO2, 0.6–2 Hz) was associated with decreased vascular reserve in patients with steno-occlusion in the large anterior circulation arteries. Thirty-six patients with steno-occlusion in the anterior circulation arteries (anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and internal carotid artery) were included and compared to thirty-six control subjects. Patients were categorized into two groups (deteriorated vascular reserve vs. preserved vascular reserve) based on the results of Diamox single- photon emission computed tomography imaging. HbO2 data were collected using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The slope of ΔHbO2 and the ipsilateral/contralateral slope ratio of ΔHbO2 were analyzed. Among the included patients (n = 36), 25 (69.4%) had deteriorated vascular reserve. Patients with deteriorated vascular reserve had a significantly higher average slope of ΔHbO2 on the ipsilateral side (5.01 ± 2.14) and a higher ipsilateral/contralateral ratio (1.44 ± 0.62) compared to those with preserved vascular reserve (3.17 ± 1.36, P = 0.014; 0.93 ± 0.33, P = 0.016, respectively) or the controls (3.82 ± 1.69, P = 0.019; 0.94 ± 0.29, P = 0.001). The ipsilateral/contralateral ΔHbO2 ratio could be used as a surrogate for vascular reserve in patients with severe steno-occlusion in the anterior circulation arteries.

Stroop interference task and single-photon emission tomography in anorexia: A preliminary report

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Maria Ferro ◽  
Andrea Brugnolo ◽  
Caterina De Leo ◽  
Barbara Dessi ◽  
Nicola Girtler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Stroop Interference ◽  
Single Photon Emission Tomography ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Interference Task ◽  
Photon Emission Tomography

scholarly journals Endoglin/CD105-Based Imaging of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4804
Author(s):  
Vincent Q. Sier ◽  
Joost R. van der Vorst ◽  
Paul H. A. Quax ◽  
Margreet R. de Vries ◽  
Elham Zonoobi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Nirf Imaging ◽  
Efficient Detection

Molecular imaging of pathologic lesions can improve efficient detection of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. A shared pathophysiological feature is angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels. Endoglin (CD105) is a coreceptor for ligands of the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) family and is highly expressed on angiogenic endothelial cells. Therefore, endoglin-based imaging has been explored to visualize lesions of the aforementioned diseases. This systematic review highlights the progress in endoglin-based imaging of cancer, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and aortic aneurysm, focusing on positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, and ultrasound imaging. PubMed was searched combining the following subjects and their respective synonyms or relevant subterms: “Endoglin”, “Imaging/Image-guided surgery”. In total, 59 papers were found eligible to be included: 58 reporting about preclinical animal or in vitro models and one ex vivo study in human organs. In addition to exact data extraction of imaging modality type, tumor or cardiovascular disease model, and tracer (class), outcomes were described via a narrative synthesis. Collectively, the data identify endoglin as a suitable target for intraoperative and diagnostic imaging of the neovasculature in tumors, whereas for cardiovascular diseases, the evidence remains scarce but promising.

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