Perception of Substance Abuse Amongst Adolescents and Young Adults in Ikenne Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2097454
Author(s):  
Adekunle D. Alabi ◽  
Tamramat I. Runsewe-Abiodun ◽  
Kemi K. Ogunowo
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
National Development ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Negative Perception ◽  
Ogun State

Substance abuse describes the unsafe use of psychoactive substances. It leads to dependence on the abused substance with subsequent development of health disorders and mortality. Globally, millions of adolescents and young adults from low and middle income countries are prone to substance abuse with consequent far reaching impact on national development. This study was done to assess the perception of substance abuse amongst the adolescents and young adults in Ikenne local government area, Ogun State, Nigeria. A cross sectional descriptive qualitative study was conducted. Information was gathered via nine focus group discussions. Systematic Analysis of data was done. Ninety-three youths (31 males and 62 females) aged 19.5 ± 3.9 years participated. Majority of the participants showed high level of awareness on substance abuse and its effects. They stated that it was commonplace in the community, with peer pressure being the major influencing factor. Alcohol was perceived to be the commonest abused substance. Others include cigarettes, marijuana and codeine. None were aware of existing laws against substance abuse. The major factor responsible for the negative perception in the abuse of substance was peer influence and low level of awareness of the National regulations on substance abuse. It is recommended that more education, increase in awareness of the national regulations and peer-modelling technique should be strengthened within the community to correct the negative perception by these group of people.

scholarly journals Drivers of Substance Use and Related Disorders Among Young People in a Peri-urban District of Ghana

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Kasore ◽  
Enoch Acheampong ◽  
Frances Emily Owusu-Ansah ◽  
Mark Owusu ◽  
Ampeh Unity Worlanyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Role Models ◽  
National Development ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Psychiatric Issue ◽  
Perceived Effects

Abstract Background: Substance use-related disorders have become a major psychiatric issue globally. The energetic youth who contribute meaningfully to national development are the most affected population by this social menace. This study aimed to examine the knowledge and perception of the youth on substance use-related disorders and the perceived effects on their lives.Methods: The study used a qualitative approach to explore the perceptions of substance use-related disorders in the Kwabre-East Municipality of the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The purposive technique was used to select 35 participants based on a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were gathered through focus group discussions and interviews in the Twi language and audio-recorded. Data were transcribed from Twi to English in a written form. The data were categorized into themes based on similarities and differences. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The emerged themes have been presented as main findings, which are supported by quotations from the participants. Results: The study identified that substances commonly abused by the youth were alcohol, tramadol, gasoline product, glue, and marijuana. Again, it was found that peer influence, poor parental control, and loss of a job (poverty), perceived academic enhancement, and imitation of role models were factors that caused substance abuse among the youth. In addition, the following were identified in terms of the effects: mental illness, cardiovascular conditions, family exclusion, insecurity, and stigmatization.Conclusion: The initiation and implementation of drug preventive interventions by relevant stakeholders are crucial in preventing the commencement of any undesirable behaviour among the youth as far as substance abuse is concerned.

scholarly journals Perception of oral health status of adolescents and young adults undergoing substance abuse treatment.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 378-385
Author(s):  
Enrique Rotemberg ◽  
◽  
Inés Salveraglio ◽  
Sylvia Piovesán ◽  
María Almaráz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Substance Abuse Treatment ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Abuse Treatment

scholarly journals Smoking prevalence, core/periphery network positions, and peer influence: Findings from five datasets on US adolescents and young adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248990
Author(s):  
Cheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Random Network ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
The Past

Smoking prevalence has decreased significantly among US adolescents and young adults in the past 20 years. It is possible that adolescent and young adult smokers were moving from core to peripheral positions in social networks and thus less influential as suggested in previous research on adult smokers. We construct five sample datasets to test these hypotheses but none of them receives much support. When the proportion of smokers is relatively higher in two sample datasets, smokers tended to be at more marginal network positions than nonsmokers, both smokers and nonsmoker could exert peer influence, and the magnitude of peer influence from smokers was even greater than that from nonsmokers. When smoking was less frequent in the other three sample datasets, smokers and nonsmokers were at random network positions and no peer influence on smoking behavior was detected. Therefore, core/periphery network positions are still the key linking smoking prevalence and peer influence among US adolescents and young adults but operating through a different mechanism from their adult counterparts. When scientists design and conduct prevention programs against adolescent and young adult smoking behavior, core/periphery network positions, smoking prevalence, and peer influence should all be taken into consideration.

scholarly journals Effects of an automated digital brief prevention intervention targeting adolescents and young adults with risky alcohol and other substance use: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e034894
Author(s):  
Pia Kvillemo ◽  
Anna K Strandberg ◽  
Johanna Gripenberg ◽  
Anne H Berman ◽  
Charlotte Skoglund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionAdolescence and young adulthood is a period in life when individuals may be especially vulnerable to harmful substance use. Several critical developmental processes are occurring in the brain, and substance use poses both short-term and long-term risks with regard to mental health and social development. From a public health perspective, it is important to prevent or delay substance use to reduce individual risk and societal costs. Given the scarcity of effective interventions targeting substance use among adolescents and young adults, cost-effective and easily disseminated interventions are warranted. The current study will test the effectiveness of a fully automated digital brief intervention aimed at reducing alcohol and other substance use in adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 25 years.Methods and analysisA two-arm, double-blind, randomised controlled trial design is applied to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Baseline assessment, as well as 3-month and 6-month follow-up, will be carried out. The aim is to include 800 participants with risky substance use based on the screening tool CRAFFT (Car,Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble). Recruitment, informed consent, randomisation, intervention and follow-up will be implemented online. The primary outcome is reduction in alcohol use, measured by Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test total score. Secondary outcomes concern binge drinking, frequency of alcohol consumption, amount of alcohol consumed a typical day when alcohol is consumed, average daily drinks per typical week, other substance use, mental health, sexual risk behaviours and perceived peer pressure. Moreover, the study involves analyses of potential moderators including perfectionism, openness to parents, help-seeking and background variables.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (no. 2019–03249). The trial is expected to expand the knowledge on digital preventive interventions for substance using adolescents and young adults. Results will be disseminated in research journals, at conferences and via the media.Trial registration number24 September 2019, ISRCTN91048246; Pre-results.

scholarly journals Mechanisms for the development of arterial hypertension in overweight adolescents and young adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Aynur G. Mustafayeva
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Family History ◽  
Young People ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Poor Sleep

In recent years, an increase in the number of young people with arterial hypertension (AH) has occurred together with the increased prevalence of obesity. It is generally recognized that obesity plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension in adolescents and young adults. In adolescents of non-European ethnicity with a family history of disease, a low birth weight and sedentary lifestyle, and insufficient physical activity and poor sleep quality, excess weight is accompanied by a high probability of AH. High tolerance to cardio-respiratory exertion and a number of genetic polymorphisms can play a protective role against this pathology. Biochemical studies in young people with hypertension and excess weight display a number of features, including levels of hormones and enzymes of the renin-angiotensin system, associated with lipid metabolism and inflammation. Adolescents with hypertension can be included in the group of young people at high risk of damage to affected organs and the subsequent development of cardiovascular diseases, based on a number of characteristics: blood pressure readings, BMI, age, family history and ethnicity.

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