Brain atrophy in acute ischaemic stroke patients treated with reperfusion therapy: a systematic review

Background Brain atrophy (BA) may have a role in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in mediating outcomes after reperfusion therapy. The extent of this association is not well understood. Purpose : To examine the impact of pre-existing BA on functional outcome, survival, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH), and early neurological change in patients with AIS treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and/or endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). Material and Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library were searched for studies on BA in AIS receiving reperfusion therapy. Studies were included if: (i) patients were aged ≥18 years; (ii) patients had been diagnosed with AIS; (iii) patients received IVT and/or EVT; (iv) studies reported on BA; (v) studies reported on post-reperfusion outcomes; and (vi) studies had a sample size of >25 patients. Results A total of 4444 patients from eight studies were included. Four out of seven studies reporting on 90-day functional outcome found pre-existing BA to be significantly associated with poor functional outcome. Moreover, two out of four studies found BA to be a significant predictor of 90-day mortality. None of the included studies reported a significant association of BA with sICH or early neurological deterioration. Conclusion This systematic review indicates a potential prognostic role of BA in AIS. Quantitative analysis of association of BA with outcomes in AIS is not possible given the heterogeneity in BA assessment and reporting across studies. Future studies using standardized BA assessment are warranted to clarify its association with clinical and safety outcomes in AIS.

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Excess weight and dyslipidemia and their complications during pregnancy: a systematic review

Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil ◽

10.1590/1806-93042016000200002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 93-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Iramar Baptistella do Nascimento ◽

Willian Barbosa Sales ◽

Raquel Fleig ◽

Grazielle Dutra da Silva ◽

Jean Carl Silva

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Key Words ◽

Excess Weight ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Obstetric Outcomes ◽

Lipid Disorders ◽

Key Words Lipids ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

The Impact ◽

In Pregnancy

Abstract Objectives: to identify bibliographically disorders related to excess weight, dyslipidemia and their complication during pregnancy and in the fetus and newborn. Methods: a systematic review including observational and interventional studies and reviews, based on MEDLINE, LILACS, Embase and the Cochrane Library between 2000 and 2015. The key-words "lipids, pregnancy, obesity and newborn" were used to establish a selective stage for inclusion/exclusion of titles, repeated studies, key-words, abstracts, methodological incompatibility and correlation with objectives. Results: 58 studies were selected, of which 36 (62%) addressed prevention and the risk in pregnancy of excess weight and lipid disorders and 19 (32.7%) suggestions and/or consequences for the fetus and newborn. Conclusions: excess weight and lipidemic disorders in pregnancy are causes for concern in scientific studies, posing risks both for the mother and the newborn. Higher prevalence of caesarian and pre-eclampsia were the two most noteworthy complications for gestational outcomes. In short, the impact on care of maternal habits and excess weight during pregnancy is highly significant, owing to the different degrees of complication in obstetric outcomes and their influence on the clinical characteristics of the newborn.

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The Impact of Mean Arterial Pressure on Functional Outcome Post Trauma-Related Acute Spinal Cord Injury: A Scoping Systematic Review of the Human Literature

Journal of Intensive Care Medicine ◽

10.1177/0885066616672643 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 3-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Behzad Sabit ◽

Frederick Adam Zeiler ◽

Neil Berrington

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Functional Outcome ◽

Acute Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Cord Injury ◽

The Impact

Purpose: To perform a scoping systematic review on the literature surrounding mean arterial pressure (MAP) and functional outcomes post traumatic acute spinal cord injury (ASCI). Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature via searching MEDLINE, BIOSIS, EMBASE, Global Health, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library from inception to January 2015. We also performed a handsearch of various published meeting proceedings. Through a 2-step review process, employing 2 independent reviewers, we selected articles for the final review based on predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results: Nine studies were included in the final review. Only 2 were prospective studies. All studies documented some degree of objective functional outcome in relation to MAP posttraumatic ASCI. Four studies documented a relation between higher MAP and improved functional outcome. Five studies failed to show any relationship between MAP and functional outcome. Conclusions: Although no definitive conclusions could be reached based on the data collected, this study does give valuable insight into future avenues of research on the topic of hemodynamic management in traumatic ASCI as well as provides guidelines for refinement of future study design.

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Currently prescribed drugs in the UK that could upregulate or downregulate ACE2 in COVID-19 disease: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040644 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. e040644

Author(s):

Hajira Dambha-Miller ◽

Ali Albasri ◽

Sam Hodgson ◽

Christopher R Wilcox ◽

Shareen Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Channel Blockers ◽

Human Lungs ◽

The Uk ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

The Impact

ObjectiveTo review evidence on routinely prescribed drugs in the UK that could upregulate or downregulate ACE2 and potentially affect COVID-19 disease.DesignSystematic review.Data sourceMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science.Study selectionAny design with animal or human models examining a currently prescribed UK drug compared with a control, placebo or sham group, and reporting an effect on ACE2 level, activity or gene expression.Data extraction and synthesisMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and OpenGrey from inception to 1 April 2020. Methodological quality was assessed using the SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) risk-of-bias tool for animal studies and Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for human studies.ResultsWe screened 3360 titles and included 112 studies with 21 different drug classes identified as influencing ACE2 activity. Ten studies were in humans and one hundred and two were in animal models None examined ACE2 in human lungs. The most frequently examined drugs were angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) (n=55) and ACE inhibitors (ACE-I) (n=22). More studies reported upregulation than downregulation with ACE-I (n=22), ARBs (n=55), insulin (n=8), thiazolidinedione (n=7) aldosterone agonists (n=3), statins (n=5), oestrogens (n=5) calcium channel blockers (n=3) glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists (n=2) and Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (n=2).ConclusionsThere is an abundance of the academic literature and media reports on the potential of drugs that could attenuate or exacerbate COVID-19 disease. This is leading to trials of repurposed drugs and uncertainty among patients and clinicians concerning continuation or cessation of prescribed medications. Our review indicates that the impact of currently prescribed drugs on ACE2 has been poorly studied in vivo, particularly in human lungs where the SARS-CoV-2 virus appears to enact its pathogenic effects. We found no convincing evidence to justify starting or stopping currently prescribed drugs to influence outcomes of COVID-19 disease.

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Weight Gain Associated with COVID-19 Lockdown in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13103668 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 3668

Author(s):

Tu-Hsuan Chang ◽

Yu-Chin Chen ◽

Wei-Yu Chen ◽

Chun-Yu Chen ◽

Wei-Yun Hsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

School Age Children ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

The Impact

Background: Lockdown is an effective nonpharmaceutical intervention to reduce coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission, but it restricts daily activity. We aimed to investigate the impact of lockdown on pediatric body weight and body mass index (BMI). Methods: The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Four online databases (EMBASE, Medline, the Cochrane Library and CINAHL) were searched. Results: The pooled results showed that lockdown was associated with significant body weight gain (MD 2.67, 95% CI 2.12–3.23; p < 0.00001). The BMI of children with comorbidities or obesity did not change significantly. The BMI of general population was significantly higher during lockdown than before the pandemic (MD 0.94, 95% CI 0.32–1.56; p = 0.003). However, heterogeneity was high (I2 = 84%). Among changes in weight classification, increases in the rates of obesity (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10–1.37; p = 0.0002) and overweight (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.06–1.29; p = 0.001) were reported. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis showed significant increases in body weight and BMI during lockdown among school-age children and adolescents. The prevalence of obesity and overweight also increased. The COVID-19 pandemic worsened the burden of childhood obesity.

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Breastfeeding in Cystic Fibrosis: A Systematic Review on Prevalence and Potential Benefits

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13093263 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 3263

Author(s):

Carla Colombo ◽

Gianfranco Alicandro ◽

Valeria Daccò ◽

Alessandra Consales ◽

Fabio Mosca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽

Normative Standard ◽

Measure Of Association ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

The Impact

Breastfeeding (BF) is considered the normative standard of feeding for all infants. However, the impact of BF in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is not completely defined. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to evaluate BF prevalence in the CF population and its impact on anthropometric and pulmonary outcomes. We searched MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library for original articles published in English up to 4 December 2020 that report the prevalence of BF and/or any measure of association between BF and anthropometric or pulmonary outcomes. Nine observational studies were identified (six retrospective cohort studies, one prospective cohort study, one survey and one case–control study within a retrospective cohort). The BF rate in CF patients is lower than that of the healthy population (approximately 50–60% of infants were breastfed at any time). The benefits in anthropometric outcomes of BF for >2 months in this at-risk population are unclear. A few relatively small studies suggest a potential benefit of BF in reducing lung infections, although data are inconsistent. The currently available data are insufficient to draw definite conclusions on the benefits of exclusive BF in anthropometric and pulmonary outcomes in CF. Clinical trials evaluating well-defined BF promotion interventions are needed.

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Currently prescribed drugs in the UK that could up or downregulate ACE2 in COVID-19 disease: A systematic review

10.1101/2020.05.19.20106856 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hajira Dambha-Miller ◽

Ali Albasri ◽

Sam Hodgson ◽

Christopher R Wilcox ◽

Shareen Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

Human Lungs ◽

The Uk ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

The Impact

Objective: To review evidence on routinely prescribed drugs in the UK that could up or downregulate Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and potentially affect COVID-19 disease Design: Systematic review Data source: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science Study selection: Any design with animal or human models examining a currently prescribed UK drug compared to a control, placebo or sham group, and reporting an effect on ACE2 level, activity or gene expression. Data extraction and synthesis: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and OpenGrey from inception to 1st April 2020. Methodological quality was assessed using the SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies and Cochrane risk of bias tool for human studies. Results: We screened 3,360 titles and included 112 studies with 21 different drug classes identified as influencing ACE2 activity. Ten studies were in humans and 102 were in animal models None examined ACE2 in human lungs. The most frequently examined drugs were Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) (n= 55) and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme- Inhibitors (ACE-I) (n= 22). More studies reported upregulation than downregulation with ACE-I (n=22), ARBs (n=55), insulin (n=8), thiazolidinedione (n=7) aldosterone agonists (n=3), statins (n=5), oestrogens (n=5) calcium channel-blockers (n=3) GLP-1 agonists (n=2) and NSAIDs (n=2). Conclusions: There is an abundance of academic literature and media reports on the potential of drugs that could attenuate or exacerbate COVID-19 disease. This is leading to trials of repurposed drugs and uncertainty amongst patients and clinicians concerning continuation or cessation of prescribed medications. Our review indicates that the impact of currently prescribed drugs on ACE2 has been poorly studied in-vivo, particularly in human lungs where the SARS-CoV-2 virus appears to enact its pathogenic effects. We found no convincing evidence to justify starting or stopping currently prescribed drugs to influence outcomes of COVID-19 disease.

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Refugees, resettlement experiences and mental health: a systematic review of case studies

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0047-2085000000235 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 121-132

Author(s):

Karin Juliane Duvoisin Bulik ◽

Erminia Colucci

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Case Studies ◽

Mental Health Treatment ◽

Cultural Context ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

And Coping ◽

Migration Experiences ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACT Objective In 2017 the number of refugees around the world reached 25.4 million. These people make up one of the most vulnerable populations globally. This study aims to understand the strategies refugees used to cope with the impact on their mental health by the difficult pre- and post-resettlement circumstances they encountered. Methods A systematic review of articles reporting case studies concerning adult refugees’ experiences in the hosting country. The electronic databases searched were: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. Eligible manuscripts were examined through a narrative synthesis. Results Twenty-two articles fitted the inclusion criteria and four main themes were highlighted: reasons for fleeing; the impact of negative experiences on mental health; supportive experiences and coping strategies; and experiences of mental health treatment. Conclusions Refugees present a significant impact on mental health due to pre- and post-migration experiences. The approach offered to this group and reported as the most effective to deal with such an impact was the multidimensional approach that, besides caring for the psychic aspects, contemplated the cultural context of each one, assisted in housing, employment, financial aid, support with learning the new language and social activities.

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Efficacy and Safety of Ocriplasmin Use for Vitreomacular Adhesion and Its Predictive Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.759311 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Xi Chen ◽

Min Li ◽

Ran You ◽

Wei Wang ◽

Yanling Wang

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Vitreomacular Adhesion ◽

Model Risk ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

The Impact ◽

Safe Approach ◽

Risk Ratios

Symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (sVMA) impedes visual acuity and quality. Ocriplasmin is a recombinant protease, which may be injected into the vitreous cavity to treat this condition, yet controversy remains with respect to its effectiveness and safety, particularly its patient selection standard. In this systematic review, the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify studies published prior to August 2020 on the impact of ocriplasmin treatment on VMA release, macular hole (MH) closure, and/or related adverse events (AEs). Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were calculated. Of 1,186 articles reviewed, 5 randomized controlled trials and 50 cohort studies were ultimately included, representing 4,159 patients. Ocriplasmin significantly increased the rate of VMA release (RR, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.99–6.53; 28 days after treatment) and MH closure (RR, 3.84; 95% CI, 1.62–9.08; 28 days after treatment) and was associated with visual function improvement. No increased risk for overall AEs was seen in ocriplasmin treatment. The proportion of VMA release and MH closure in patients was 0.50 and 0.36, respectively. VMA release was more likely in patients with absence of epiretinal membrane (ERM). Patients with smaller MH diameter were more likely to achieve MH closure. Evidence from included studies suggests that ocriplasmin is a suitable and safe approach for treating sVMA. ERM and MH status are important factors when considering ocriplasmin treatment.

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The impact of institutional repositories: a systematic review

Journal of the Medical Library Association JMLA ◽

10.5195/jmla.2020.856 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 108 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Michelle R. Demetres ◽

Diana Delgado ◽

Drew N. Wright

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Information Science ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Citation Count ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Institutional Repositories ◽

Scholarly Output ◽

Ovid Medline ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

The Impact

Objective: Institutional repositories are platforms for presenting and publicizing scholarly output that might not be suitable to publish in a peer-reviewed journal or that must meet open access requirements. However, there are many challenges associated with their launch and up-keep. The objective of this systematic review was to define the impacts of institutional repositories (IRs) on an academic institution, thus justifying their implementation and/or maintenance.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the following databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, the Cochrane Library (Wiley), ERIC (ProQuest), Web of Science (Core Collection), Scopus (Elsevier), and Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (EBSCO). A total of 6,593 citations were screened against predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results: Thirteen included studies were divided into 3 areas of impact: citation count, exposure or presence, and administrative impact. Those focusing on citation count (n=5) and exposure or presence (n=7) demonstrated positive impacts of IRs on institutions and researchers. One study focusing on administrative benefit demonstrated the utility of IRs in automated population of ORCID profiles.Conclusion: Based on the available literature, IRs appear to have a positive impact on citation count, exposure or presence, and administrative burden. To draw stronger conclusions, more and higher-quality studies are needed.

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