scholarly journals Effect of a single dose of mannitol on hydration status and electrolyte concentrations in patients with tick-borne encephalitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 5083-5089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Czupryna ◽  
Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska ◽  
Sambor Grygorczuk ◽  
Sławomir Pancewicz ◽  
Justyna Dunaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fluid Supplementation ◽  
Total Body

Objective This study was performed to assess the effect of a single dose of 15% mannitol on the hydration status and electrolyte balance in patients with tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). Methods Forty-one patients with TBE were treated with 0.25 g/kg of 15% mannitol. The electrolyte concentrations (Na, K, and Cl), creatinine concentration, and hydration status were measured before and after mannitol infusion. Results After mannitol administration, 7 patients had hyponatremia, 3 had hypokalemia, 1 had hyperkalemia, and 17 had hypochloremia. The total body water volume (TBW) changed by 0.44% ± 0.55%, the external body water volume (EBW) changed by 0.12% ± 0.15%, and the internal body water volume (IBW) changed by 0.19% ± 0.40%. The mean ECW/ICW ratio was 0.7694 ± 0.07 before treatment and 0.7699 ± 0.07 after treatment. Age was correlated with the TBW change in men (R = 0.42, p < 0.05) and with the potassium change in women (R = 0.66, p < 0.05). Conclusions Patients with TBE should receive mannitol two to four times daily depending on the clinical manifestation. Administration of a single dose of mannitol (0.25 g/kg) requires at least 300 mL of fluid supplementation. Bioimpedance might be useful for individual evaluation of dehydration. Additionally, patients require monitoring for potential hyponatremia. Older men may be more prone to dehydration after receiving mannitol.

scholarly journals Adaptation and Validation of the Hydration Status Questionnaire in a Spanish Adolescent-Young Population: A Cross Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel Laja García ◽  
Maria de Lourdes Samaniego-Vaesken ◽  
Teresa Partearroyo ◽  
Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Dietary Record ◽  
Adequate Hydration ◽  
Total Body

The achievement of adequate hydration status is essential for mental and physical performance and for health in general, especially in children and adolescents. Nevertheless, little is known about hydration status of this population, mainly due to the limited availability of research tools; thus, the objective of the current study was to adapt and validate our hydration status questionnaire in a Spanish adolescent-young population. The questionnaire was validated against important hydration markers: urine colour, urine specific gravity, haemoglobin, haematocrit and total body water and involved 128 subjects aged between 12–17 years. Water intake was also estimated through a three-day dietary record and physical activity was assessed through accelerometers. Participants completed the questionnaire twice. Water balance and water intake were correlated with urine specific gravity and with total body water content. Water intake obtained by the questionnaire was correlated with results from the three-day dietary record. The intraclass correlation coefficient indicated moderate concordance between both recordings and the Cronbach’s alpha revealed high consistency. The Bland and Altman method indicated that the limits of agreement were acceptable to reveal the reliability of the estimated measures. In conclusion, this is the first time that a questionnaire is valid and reliable to estimate hydration status of adolescent-young populations.

Accuracy of the tritium water dilution method for determining water flux in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 857-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Cameron ◽  
R. G. White ◽  
J. R. Luick
Keyword(s):  
Total Body Water ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Water Dilution

The accuracy of the tritium water dilution method in estimating water flux was evaluated in reindeer under various conditions of temperature and diet. Two non-pregnant female reindeer were restrained in metabolism stalls, within controlled-environment chambers, at temperatures of + 10, −5, and −20 °C; varying amounts of a commercial pelleted ration (crude protein, 13%) or mixed lichens (crude protein, 3%) were offered, and water was provided ad libitum either as snow or in liquid form. Total body water volume and water turnover were estimated using tritiated water, and the daily outputs of feces and urine were measured for each of 12 different combinations of diet and temperature. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the tritium water dilution technique gives accurate determinations of total body water flux over a wide range of environmental and nutritional conditions.

scholarly journals Total body water in children with congenital heart disease, before and after cardiac surgery

1995 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 633-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. Mitchell ◽  
Peter S.W. Davies ◽  
James C.S. Pollock ◽  
Morgan P.G. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Body

In vivo estimation of body composition of lactating dairy cattle from urea space measurements

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 206-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Agnew ◽  
W J McCaughey ◽  
J.D. McEvoy ◽  
D C Patterson ◽  
M G Porter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Space Technique ◽  
Total Body

San Pietro and Rittenberg (1953) reported that urea appeared to meet all the requirements of a satisfactory tracer. Urea is non toxic, not foreign to the body and it shows an even and rapid distribution throughout the total body water without any physiological effect. For these reasons in addition to its easy and accurate measurement, urea is an ideal candidate tracer to estimate empty body water in vivo. Total body water volume (urea space) can be estimated by dividing the total amount of urea infused by the increase in plasma urea concentration from prior to infusion until 12 or 30 minutes after mean infusion time. Kock and Preston (1973) reported significant relationships between urea space measurements and percentage of empty body fat and water in cattle. However, Andrew et al. (1995) using 21 Holstein cows showed that prediction of empty body water using the urea space technique only explained 31 % of the variation. The objective of this experiment was to use the urea dilution technique to estimate the body composition of lactating dairy cows and produce relationships between urea space and body fat and protein content.

scholarly journals Skeletal Muscle Mass and Extracellular Water/Total Body Water Independently Predict Phase Angle Percentile in Young Men

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1169-1169
Author(s):  
Jacob Gray ◽  
Tay Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
State University ◽  
Extracellular Water ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Objectives Phase angle, derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), is used to describe both cellular and overall health. Many of the variables measured using BIA vary based on the hydration status of the individual. The ratio between extracellular water/total body water is commonly measured in BIA, and can be used as a measure of individual hydration. This pilot study explores the relationship between individual hydration status and phase angle and other BIA measurements. Methods Male college students (n = 57) from Oklahoma State University-Stillwater were recruited through an email messaging campaign. The participants answered an online Qualtrics demographic survey; height (±0.1 cm), blood pressure, and weight were taken. The Seca Medical Body Composition Analyzer mBCA 514 was used to conduct the BIA. Variable mean, standard deviations, and frequencies were calculated using SPSS version 25. Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted. Significance was set at &lt;.05. Results Participants characteristics included: age (m = 21.7 ± 1.3 years), 54% BMI &lt;25, 39% blood pressure &lt;120/80, and 63% white/7% Native American. Mean % body fat was 20.28 ± 8.76, and skeletal muscle was 32.223 kg ± 4.432 and visceral fat was 2.01 liters ± 2.11.Phase angle percentile ranged from 1% to 99% (m = 62.0% ± 31.4) and extracellular water/total body water ratio (ECW/TBW) ranged from 35.7 to 41.6 (m = 39.32 ± 1.35). Phase angle percentile was positively correlated with skeletal muscle mass (r = 0.503, P = 0.000) and negatively correlated with ECW/TBW (r = −0.659, P = 0.000), but not with other BIA variables. These two variables significantly predicted phase angle percentile (r2 = 0.817, P = 0.000). The standardized β was −0.762 (P = 0.000) for ECW/TBW and 0.627 (P = 0.000) for skeletal muscle mass. Conclusions The association of ECW/TBW on phase angle percentile suggest further investigation of the impact of water on this indicator of health is warranted. An investigation with a method of modulating ECW/TBW would be a logical next step in understanding this relationship. Funding Sources Funding was provided by the Lew Wentz Foundation, and the Nutritional Sciences Department at Oklahoma State University.

scholarly journals Total body water and total body potassium in ileostomy patients before and after conversion to the continent ileostomy.

Gut ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1198-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ojerskog ◽  
H Andersson ◽  
I Bosaeus ◽  
H Brevinge ◽  
L O Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Total Body Water ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Continent Ileostomy ◽  
Total Body Potassium ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Body

scholarly journals 3092 Measuring Fluid Compartments Before and After Rapid Saline Infusion

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
Kevin Lawrence Kelly ◽  
Alex R. Carlson ◽  
Bradley B. Cierzan ◽  
Jennifer Isautier ◽  
Wayne L. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Rapid Infusion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fluid Compartments ◽  
Total Body

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: To evaluate the ability of various techniques to track changes in body fluid volumes before and after a rapid infusion of saline. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Eight healthy participants (5M; 3F) completed baseline measurements of 1) total body water using ethanol dilution and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and 2) blood volume, plasma volume and red blood cell (RBC) volume using carbon monoxide rebreathe technique and I-131 albumin dilution. Subsequently, 30mL saline/kg body weight was administered intravenously over 20 minutes after which BIA and ethanol dilution were repeated. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: On average, 2.29±0.35 L saline was infused with an average increase in net fluid input-output (I/O) of 1.56±0.29 L. BIA underestimated measured I/O by −3.4±7.9%, while ethanol dilution did not demonstrate a measurable change in total body water. Carbon monoxide rebreathe differed from I-131 albumin dilution measurements of blood, plasma and RBC volumes by +0.6±2.8%, −5.4±3.6%, and +11.0±4.7%, respectively. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: BIA is capable of tracking modest changes in total body water. Carbon monoxide rebreathe appears to be a viable alternative for the I-131 albumin dilution technique to determine blood volume. Together, these two techniques may be useful in monitoring fluid status in patients with impaired fluid regulation.

Growth rate, total body water volume, dry-matter intake and water consumption of domesticated ostriches (Struthio camelus)

1991 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Degen ◽  
M. Kam ◽  
A. Rosenstrauch ◽  
I. Plavnik
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Total Body

ABSTRACTGrowth rate, total body water volume (TBW), dry-matter intake (DMI) and water consumption were determined in ostriches from hatching to 350 days at which time they weighed approximately 100 kg. A Gompertz equation was used to describe the sigmoidal growth curve; mature body mass (Mmb) wascalculated as 104·1 kg from this equation. Highest average daily gain (ADG) was 455 g/day which occurred between 70 days and 98 days. Time to reach 0·5 Mmb and to grow from 0·25 to 0·75 Mmb per Mmb025 were 46·8 days and 39·7 days, respectively. Maintenance energy requirements were 1·07 MJ/kg063per day and energy requirements for kg mb increase were 0·260 MJ/kg109: thes e values were derived from a non-linear regression model. TBW as a fraction of mb declined from 0·84 in 35-day-old chicks to 0·57 in 322-day-old birds, indicating a concomitant increase in the fraction of body lipid content. Mass specific DMI decreased from 0·061 g/g mb in chicks to 0·020 g/g mb in 322 to 350 day old birds, while mass specific water influx decreased from 0·21 ml/g mb to 0·046 ml/g mb during this time. The ratio of DMI to ADG increased steadily from 1·07 to 17·1; the ratio of water consumption to DMI remained relatively constant at approximately 2·3.

scholarly journals Correlation Between Predialysis Systolic Blood Pressure and Predialysis Hydration Status in Hemodialysis Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1030
Author(s):  
Magdalena Castro ◽  
Rodrigo Orozco ◽  
Pedro Figueroa ◽  
Cristina Hertz ◽  
Victoria Aspillaga
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Dialysis Session ◽  
Ultrafiltration Rate ◽  
Total Body

One of the goals of hemodialysis is to maintain normal hydration status in ESRD patients. Pre hemodialysis systolic blood pressure is usually used as a clinical parameter of hydration status and to set ultrafiltration rate before Hd. It is unclear how much pre-Hd SBP correlated with hydration status. The aim was to determine correlation between pre-Hd SBP and hydration status before Hd. An observational correlation study was performed in two dialysis centers in Santiago, Chile, from January-June, 2011. Adult patients in Hd for at least three months, who gave their informed consent were included. Patients with pacemaker, amputee, hospitalized and metallic prostheses were excluded. Total-body water and overhydrated were assessed with bioimpedance spectroscopy before the first and third dialysis session of the week. Pre-Hd SBP, pre-Hd body weight, pre-Hd TBW and pre-Hd OH, were analyzed using Pearson correlation and linear regression model. 96 measurements were assessed, 52 % were male with median age 59.5 years. The correlation between pre-Hd SBP and pre-Hd overhydration was r=0.33, and total body water r=0.15, with a predicted value, R2=0.10 and R2 =0.14 respectively. Pre-Hd SBP had low correlation with pre-Hd hydration status and by itself, is not a reliable parameter to set ultrafiltration rate before Hd. Nevertheless Pre-Hd body weight predicted in 70 % the pre-Hd TBW.

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