Impact of prior statin use on mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and bloodstream infection

Objective This study assessed the effect of prior statin use on the 28-day mortality of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) who develop bloodstream infections. Methods This retrospective cohort study included all adult type 2 DM patients with bacteremia and verified prior medication history who visited the emergency department of a single tertiary hospital between January 2007 and December 2013. All major adverse consequences including septic shock events, use of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit admission, and 28-day mortality were assessed. Results A total of 1,979 patients were enrolled in the study, of whom 507 were taking statins. Statin users had less severe disease presentation and lower levels of sepsis biomarkers such as bandemia (1.3 ± 3.1 vs 1.8 ± 4.2). After adjustment for confounding variables using a Cox regression model, only older age (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.04), urinary tract infection (adjusted HR: 0.56, 95% CI, 0.43–0.75), and prior statin use (adjusted HR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.42–0.85) were significantly associated with 28-day in-hospital mortality. Conclusion Prior statin treatment in patients with type 2 DM and bacteremia was associated with a lower 28-day in-hospital mortality rate.

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Cholesterol levels and development of cardiovascular disease in Koreans with type 2 diabetes mellitus and without pre-existing cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular Diabetology ◽

10.1186/s12933-019-0943-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mee Kyoung Kim ◽

Kyungdo Han ◽

Han Na Joung ◽

Ki-Hyun Baek ◽

Ki-Ho Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Reference Group ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background The aim of the present study was to identify a threshold for the cholesterol level at which the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) begins to increase in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, 2,077,135 people aged ≥ 40 years with type 2 DM who underwent regular health checks between 2009 and 2012 were included. Subjects with previous CVD were excluded. Cox regression analyses were performed to estimate the risk of CVD for each low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) group using the < 70 mg/dL as the reference group. Results There were 78,560 cases of stroke (3.91%), and 50,791 myocardial infarction (MI, 2.53%) during a median follow-up of 7.1 years. Among participants not taking statins, LDL-C levels of 130–159 mg/dL and ≥ 160 mg/dL were significantly associated with the risk of MI: the hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence interval) were 1.19 (1.14–1.25) and 1.53 (1.46–1.62), respectively. Among participants taking statins, all categories of LDL-C level ≥ 70 mg/dL were significantly associated with increased risk of stroke and MI. Conclusions We identified an increased risk of CVD in people with an LDL-C level ≥ 130 mg/dL among individuals with type 2 DM not taking statins. The risk of CVD was significantly higher in those taking statins with an LDL-C level ≥ 70 mg/dL.

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Fermented pork fat (Sa-um) and lifestyle risk factors as potential indicators for type 2 diabetes among the Mizo population, Northeast India

Journal of Health Population and Nutrition ◽

10.1186/s41043-021-00257-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Freda Lalrohlui ◽

Souvik Ghatak ◽

John Zohmingthanga ◽

Vanlal Hruaii ◽

Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cox Regression ◽

Control Group ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Lifestyle Habits ◽

Pork Fat

AbstractOver the last few decades, Mizoram has shown an increase in cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, no in-depth scientific records are available to understand the occurrence of the disease. In this study, 500 patients and 500 healthy controls were recruited to understand the possible influence of their dietary and lifestyle habits in relation with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A multivariate analysis using Cox regression was carried out to find the influence of dietary and lifestyle factors, and an unpaired t test was performed to find the difference in the levels of biochemical tests. Out of 500 diabetic patients, 261 (52.3%) were males and 239 (47.7%) were females, and among the control group, 238 (47.7%) were males and 262 (52.3%) were females. Fermented pork fat, Sa-um (odds ratio (OR) 18.98), was observed to be a potential risk factor along with tuibur (OR 0.1243) for both males and females. Creatinine level was found to be differentially regulated between the male and female diabetic patients. This is the first report of fermented pork fat and tobacco (in a water form) to be the risk factors for diabetes. The unique traditional foods like Sa-um and local lifestyle habits like tuibur of the Mizo population may trigger the risk for the prevalence of the disease, and this may serve as a model to study other populations with similar traditional practices.

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Validation of Tokyo Guidelines 2007 and Tokyo Guidelines 2013/2018 Criteria for Acute Cholangitis and Predictors of In-Hospital Mortality

Visceral Medicine ◽

10.1159/000516424 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Ramkumar Mohan ◽

Stefanie Wei Lynn Goh ◽

Guan Wei Tan ◽

Yen Pin Tan ◽

Sameer P. Junnarkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Glasgow Coma Score ◽

Acute Cholangitis ◽

Tokyo Guidelines

Background: Acute cholangitis (AC) is a common emergency with a significant mortality risk. The Tokyo Guidelines (TG) provide recommendations for diagnosis, severity stratification, and management of AC. However, validation of the TG remains poor. This study aims to validate TG07, TG13, and TG18 criteria and identify predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with AC. Methods: This is a retrospective audit of patients with a discharge diagnosis of AC in the year 2016. Demographic, clinical, investigation, management and mortality data were documented. We performed a multinomial logistic regression analysis with stepwise variable selection to identify severity predictors for in-hospital mortality. Results: Two hundred sixty-two patients with a median age of 75.9 years (IQR 64.8–82.8) years were included for analysis. TG13/TG18 diagnostic criteria were more sensitive than TG07 diagnostic criteria (85.1 vs. 75.2%; p < 0.006). The majority of the patients (n = 178; 67.9%) presented with abdominal pain, pyrexia (n = 156; 59.5%), and vomiting (n = 123; 46.9%). Blood cultures were positive in 95 (36.3%) patients, and 79 (83.2%) patients had monomicrobial growth. The 30-day, 90-day, and in-hospital mortality numbers were 3 (1.1%), 11 (4.2%), and 15 (5.7%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR = 12.531; 95% CI 0.354–116.015; p = 0.026), systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg (OR = 10.108; 95% CI 1.094–93.395; p = 0.041), Glasgow coma score <15 (OR = 38.16; 95% CI 1.804–807.191; p = 0.019), and malignancy (OR = 14.135; 95% CI 1.017–196.394; p = 0.049) predicted in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: TG13/18 diagnostic criteria are more sensitive than TG07 diagnostic criteria. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg, Glasgow coma score <15, and malignant etiology predict in-hospital mortality in patients with AC. These predictors could be considered in acute stratification and treatment of patients with AC.

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Statin use in Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with a delay in starting insulin

Diabetic Medicine ◽

10.1111/j.1464-5491.2004.01263.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 21 (9) ◽

pp. 962-967 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

A. Yee ◽

S. R. Majumdar ◽

S. H. Simpson ◽

F. A. McAlister ◽

R. T. Tsuyuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Statin Use

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Efektivitas Kurma (Phoenix dactylifera) dalam menurunkan kadar HbA1c pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2: Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti

Journal of Pharmaceutical Care Anwar Medika ◽

10.36932/jpcam.v3i1.47 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 31-45

Author(s):

Muhammad Sobri Maulana ◽

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hba1c Level ◽

Phoenix Dactylifera ◽

Herbal Remedies ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Time Treatment ◽

Type 2 Dm

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or Type 2 DM is a metabolic disease that can cause severe complications so that adequate management which one of the targets is lowering HbA1c level is needed. Up to this time, treatment for Type 2 DM including antihiperglycemic and injection. Herbal remedies as well as dates (Phoenix datcylifera) has been limited even though it has well-known antihyperglycemic effect. To investigate the effectivity of Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) in lowering HbA1c level among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Literature searching was conducted on four online databases which are PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library based on inclusion and exclusion criterias. Based on the results of critical studies, seven studies have shown that there is effectiveness in the administration of Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on Lowering HbA1c levels and restricition of date diet needed for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in 3 dates per day that are statistically significant for lowering HbA1c level with value of NNT is 1. Administration of Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) can be used as an adjuvant therapy on Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients

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Correlation Between Lipid Profile with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Progression

JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia ◽

10.53366/jimki.v8i2.131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 66-72

Author(s):

Angiesta Pinakesty ◽

Restu Noor Azizah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Hba1c Levels

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease that has increased from year to year. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is not caused by lack of insulin secretion, but is caused by the failure of the body's cells to respond to the hormone insulin (insulin resistance). Insulin resistance was found to be a major contributor to atherogenic dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia in DM risks 2 to 4 times higher than non-DM. Although dyslipidemia has a great risk for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, this conventional risk factor only explains a portion (25%) of excess cardiovascular risk in type 2 DM. Discussion: In uncontrolled type 2 DM patients, LDL oxidation occurs faster which results from an increase in chronic blood glucose levels. Glycemic control as a determinant of DM progressivity is determined through HbA1c examination. HbA1c levels are associated with blood triglyceride levels. Meanwhile, triglyceride levels are associated with total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels. HbA1c levels are also associated with LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion: There is a relationship between lipid profile and the progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, HbA1c, glycemic control, lipid profile

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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SITAGLIPTINAND PIOGLITAZONE AS ADDONTHERAPY OVER PLASMA GLUCOSE LEVEL IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS : AN OBSERVATIONAL COHORT STUDY

10.36106/ijsr/9730816 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 10-11

Author(s):

Ravindra Kumar Das ◽

Rahul Kumar Sinha ◽

Debarshi Jana

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Plasma Glucose ◽

Plasma Glucose Level ◽

Observational Cohort Study ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Observational Cohort ◽

Pioglitazone Group

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive chronic disorder and sustained control of plasma glucose is essential to prevent complications. Pioglitazoneofthiazolidinedionesand sitagliptin of Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4I) have recently been used as add-on therapy to control type 2 DM. The aim of this study was to compare the plasma glucose and glycocelatedHb% level of both the group who had poor glycemic control with Metformin and sulfonylurea. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this observational cohort study, 100 patients with uncontrolled type 2 DM on 2000 mg/day of Metformin and 4 mg/day of Glimepiride were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups with fifty each. One group received two divided doses of pioglitazone (30 mg/day) and the other received two divided doses of sitagliptin (100 mg/day) as the third medication. Plasma glucose fasting and 2 hours after drug and meal along with HbA1c were assessed before and after three months of treatment. Results: Fasting plasma glucose level in the sitagliptin group was higher than the pioglitazone group; however, this difference was not statistically significant (130.30 ± 30.29 versus 124.58 ± 46.84, p=0.212). Significantdifferences were not observed in HbA1c (7.20±0.96 versus 7.43±0.99, p=0.563) and plasma glucose 2 hours after meal (194.56±66.22 versus 198.58±51.5, p=0.946) after treatment withsitagliptin and pioglitazone among the two groups. Mean weight in the sitagliptin group was lower compared to the pioglitazone group after treatment, however, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.824). Conclusion: Both the molecule as third agent had similar efficacy in glycemic control. Sitagliptin is better choice to add-on therapy in obese overweight patients.

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Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Vitamin C

Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College ◽

10.51985/jbumdc2019014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 09 (03) ◽

pp. 232-236

Author(s):

Shabzain Ishrat ◽

Talea Hoor ◽

Mohammed Sajid Abbas Jaffri

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Good Control ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Vitamin C Supplementation ◽

Antioxidant Supplements

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which deteriorates the quality of life with time. Type 2 DM accounts for more than 90% cases of diabetes mellitus as compared to other types of this disease. There is significant oxidative stress in type 2 DM which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of disease. In order to combat this oxidative stress antioxidant supplements have to be added as add on therapy along with treatment of type 2 DM. Vitamin C is the safest antioxidant which plays significant role in diminishing the oxidative stress. The vitamin C supplementation have good control of FBS and HbA1c and therefore helps in achieving better glycemic control along with prevention of lipid abnormalities.

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Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width as Markers of Vascular Thrombosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine Education and Research ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1204 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (3) ◽

pp. 127-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Bhanukumar ◽

Prasanna KH Ramaswamy ◽

Naveen K Peddi ◽

Vineetha B Menon

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Platelet Distribution Width ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Vascular Thrombosis ◽

Type 2 Dm

ABSTRACT Aims The objective of the study was to determine the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) compared to subjects without type 2 DM and their correlation with fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and duration of type 2 DM respectively. Materials and methods A prospective analytical case—control study was conducted involving 50 subjects with type 2 DM and 50 subjects without type 2 DM. The mean and standard deviation were estimated for both the groups separately and independent Student's “t”-test was used for evaluating the significant difference. The statistical evaluation was carried out at 95% confidence level. Results Mean MPV and PDW in case group was significantly higher compared to control group (p < 0.005). Fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and duration of type 2 DM did not significantly alter MPV or PDW. Conclusion The study concludes that MPV and PDW are significantly increased in patients with type 2 DM compared to patients without type 2 DM. Platelet volume indices are an important, simple, and cost-effective tool that should be used and explored extensively, especially in countries, such as India, for predicting the possibility of impending acute vascular events in patients with type 2 DM. Clinical significance This analytical method helps us to use MPV and PDW as early markers of vascular thrombosis. How to cite this article Bhanukumar M, Ramaswamy PKH, Peddi NK, Menon VB. Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width as Markers of Vascular Thrombosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(3):127-131.

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Relationship of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Duration with The Occurrence of Erectile Dysfunction at Puskesmas Denpasar Barat I

Indonesian Andrology and Biomedical Journal ◽

10.20473/iabj.v2i1.45 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 23-28

Author(s):

Alexander Petra Sihite ◽

I Gusti Ngurah Pramesemara ◽

I Wayan Surudarma

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that characterized by high blood sugar levels. This condition is often not noticed immediately and usually patient starting to realize it when complications have been occurred. A long-term complication of type 2 DM that occurred in men is erectile dysfunction (ED). ED is a condition when a person is unable to achieve or maintain an erection for sexual intercourse. One factor that influence the occurrence of ED and its severity in type 2 DM patients is the duration of the disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of type 2 DM duration and the occurrence of ED. Methods: This study is an observational analytic cross-sectional study conducted at the Puskesmas (Public Health Center) Denpasar Barat I. The research data was obtained through medical record data and fill the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire on 36 type 2 DM patients aged around 40-60 years. The statistical analysis used was Fisher's exact test. Results: The results showed that of the 36 samples, 19 (52.8%) samples had type 2 DM <24 months and 17 (47.2%) samples had type 2 DM >24 months. It was found that 5 (13.9%) samples did not experience ED while the rest experienced ED with different severity. There was a significant relationship between the type 2 DM duration and the occurrence of erectile dysfunction at Puskesmas Denpasar Barat I (p = 0.022). Conclusion: Study has found that type 2 DM patients with the longer duration (>24 months) have a higher occurrence of ED and tended to be more severe compared to those with shorter duration (<24 months). Further studies should be performed with higher number of patients and more controlled risk factor so it will be more accurate in determining the relationship between the duration of type 2 DM and ED.

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