scholarly journals Identification of plasma microRNA-22 as a marker for the diagnosis, prognosis, and chemosensitivity prediction of osteosarcoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
pp. 030006052096781
Author(s):  
Zhen-bin Diao ◽  
Tian-xiao Sun ◽  
Yi Zong ◽  
Bo-chuan Lin ◽  
Yuan-sheng Xia
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Independent Predictor ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarker ◽  
Plasma Microrna

Objective MicroRNA (miR)-22 plays crucial roles in malignant tumors and is involved in regulation of chemosensitivity. Additionally, altered expression of circulating miR-22 has been reported in various cancers. This study was designed to investigate plasma miR-22 expression in patients with osteosarcoma (OS) and determine its diagnostic, prognostic, and chemosensitivity prediction value. Methods Plasma miR-22 levels in 120 patients with OS and 120 healthy controls were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Associations of plasma miR-22 expression with the patients’ clinicopathological features and prognosis were then assessed. Results Plasma miR-22 levels in patients with OS were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. Low plasma miR-22 levels were correlated with large tumor size, advanced clinical stages, positive distant metastasis, and poor tumor response to preoperative chemotherapy. Plasma miR-22 could discriminate OS patients from controls and distinguish patients with a good response to therapy from those with a poor response to therapy. Multivariate analysis revealed that low plasma miR-22 expression was a significant independent predictor of unfavorable prognosis. Conclusions Altered plasma levels of miR-22 might serve as a novel, noninvasive biomarker for OS diagnosis, prognosis, and chemosensitivity prediction.

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of Microbiota and Microbiome in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Sona Ciernikova ◽  
Maria Novisedlakova ◽  
Danka Cholujova ◽  
Viola Stevurkova ◽  
Michal Mego
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
The Impact

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive malignant tumors due to the absence of biomarkers for early-stage detection and poor response to therapy. Since mounting evidence supports the role of microbiota composition in tumorigenesis and cancer treatment, the link between microbiome and PDAC has been described. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the impact of the gut and oral microbiome on the risk of PDAC development. Microenvironment-driven therapy and immune system interactions are also discussed. More importantly, we provide an overview of the clinical trials evaluating the microbiota role in the risk, prognosis, and treatment of patients suffering from PDAC and solid tumors. According to the research findings, immune tolerance might result from the microbiota-derived remodeling of pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Thus, microbiome profiling and targeting represent the potential trend to enhance antitumor immunity and improve the efficacy of PDAC treatment.

scholarly journals Measurements Methods for the Development of MicroRNA-Based Tests for Cancer Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Francesca Precazzini ◽  
Simone Detassis ◽  
Andrea Selenito Imperatori ◽  
Michela Alessandra Denti ◽  
Paola Campomenosi
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiling ◽  
Technological Limitations

Studies investigating microRNAs as potential biomarkers for cancer, immune-related diseases, or cardiac pathogenic diseases, among others, have exponentially increased in the last years. In particular, altered expression of specific miRNAs correlates with the occurrence of several diseases, making these molecules potential molecular tools for non-invasive diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy. Nonetheless, microRNAs are not in clinical use yet, due to inconsistencies in the literature regarding the specific miRNAs identified as biomarkers for a specific disease, which in turn can be attributed to several reasons, including lack of assay standardization and reproducibility. Technological limitations in circulating microRNAs measurement have been, to date, the biggest challenge for using these molecules in clinical settings. In this review we will discuss pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical challenges to address the potential technical biases and patient-related parameters that can have an influence and should be improved to translate miRNA biomarkers to the clinical stage. Moreover, we will describe the currently available methods for circulating miRNA expression profiling and measurement, underlining their advantages and potential pitfalls.

Dysregulation of miR‐125b predicts poor response to therapy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 7428-7438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nashwa El‐Khazragy ◽  
Amal Ali Elshimy ◽  
Safaa Shawky Hassan ◽  
Safa Matbouly ◽  
Gehan Safwat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Predictive factors of poor response to therapy in Autoimmune Hepatitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 1078-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Muratori ◽  
Claudine Lalanne ◽  
Giampaolo Bianchi ◽  
Marco Lenzi ◽  
Luigi Muratori
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Response To Therapy

scholarly journals PVT1 Assumes Signifying Capacity in Cervical Cancer Diagnosis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangqing Cao ◽  
Lei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Diagnostic Role

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer (CC) is the second most prevalent malignancy among women, which severely threatens patients’ health. The study was conducted to determine the diagnostic role of plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in CC to improve patients outcomes.Methods: The qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression level of PVT1 mRNA in CC samples and healthy controls. Chi-square test was used to determine the clinical effects of patients’ features on PVT1 expression. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve with the area under the curve (AUC) was used as a tool for assessing the diagnostic role of PVT1 expression in CC.Results: The PVT1 mRNA level was significantly higher in CC samples than healthy controls (P<0.0001). Large tumor size (P=0.006), positive uterus infiltration (P=0.031) and advanced FIGO stages (P=0.011) were contributed to the elevated expression of PVT1 level. However, there was no close relationship between PVT1 expression and other clinical parameters, including age (P=0.205), family history (P=0.073), positive HPV infection (P=0.155 and histological type (P=0.159). The ROC curve showed the optimal cutoff point for PVT1 was 2.325, providing the sensitivity and specificity of 85.84% and 72.15%, respectively. Moreover, the AUC was 0.856, suggesting PVT1 level could be regarded as a diagnostic biomarker in CC (P<0.0001, 95%CI= 0.803-0.909).Conclusion: In summary, the level of PVT1 mRNA was significantly increased in CC samples and the up-regulation of PVT1 could distinguish CC patients from healthy controls.

Serum concentration of laminin, and course of the disease in patients with various malignancies.

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1424-1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Rochlitz ◽  
C Hasslacher ◽  
D G Brocks ◽  
R Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Colon ◽  
Progressive Course

Serum concentration of laminin was measured radioimmunologically in 96 patients suffering from various malignancies. Laminin levels were significantly elevated in patients with carcinomas and leukemias, but not in patients with sarcomas or lymphomas when compared with healthy controls. A good correlation could be found between serum laminin concentration and response to therapy in patients with carcinoma and leukemia. Elevated laminin levels were associated with a progressive course of the tumor condition. Furthermore, a close correlation has been detected between serum concentrations of laminin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in patients with carcinoma of the colon. The serum laminin level seems to be a valuable parameter for observation of the course of certain malignancies.

scholarly journals Ganglioside GM2: a potential biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 030006052090321
Author(s):  
Krajang Talabnin ◽  
Chutima Talabnin ◽  
Tadahiro Kumagai ◽  
Nuchanard Sutatum ◽  
Juthamas Khiaowichit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Invasion ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Linear Ion Trap ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Nanospray Ionization

Objective To investigate the expression of glycosphingolipids in serum and tissue from patients with cholangiocarcinoma compared with healthy controls. Methods Nanospray ionization-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (NSI-MSn) was used to demonstrate the comparative structural glycomics of glycosphingolipids in serum from patients with cholangiocarcinoma (n=15), compared with healthy controls (n = 15). GM2 expression in cholangiocarcinoma tissues (n = 60) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results Eleven glycosphingolipids were detected by NSI-MSn: CMH (ceramide monohexose), Lac-Cer (galactose (Gal)β1-4 glucose (Glc)β1-1'-ceramide), Gb3 (Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1'-ceramide), Gb4/Lc4 (N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)β1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1'-ceramide/Galβ1-4 N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)β1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1'-ceramide), GM3 (N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc)2-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1'-ceramide), GM2 (GalNAcβ1-4[NeuAc2-3]Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1'-ceramide), GM1 (Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4[NeuAc2-3]Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1'-ceramide), hFA (hydroxylated fatty acid)-CMH, hFA-Lac-Cer, hFA-Gb3, and hFA-GM3. Lac-Cer was the most abundant structure among the lactosides and globosides (normal, 24.40% ± 0.11%; tumor, 24.61% ± 2.10%), while GM3 predominated among the gangliosides (normal, 29.14% ± 1.31%; tumor, 30.53% ± 4.04%). The two glycosphingolipids that significantly differed between healthy controls and patients with cholangiocarcinoma were Gb3 and GM2. High expression of GM2 was associated with vascular invasion in tissue from patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Conclusions Altered expression of glycosphingolipids in tissue and serum from patients with cholangiocarcinoma may contribute to tumor growth and progression. The ganglioside GM2, which significantly increased in the serum of patients with cholangiocarcinoma, represents a promising target as a biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma.

scholarly journals Interaction Proteomics Identifies ERbeta Association with Chromatin Repressive Complexes to Inhibit Cholesterol Biosynthesis and Exert An Oncosuppressive Role in Triple-negative Breast Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Alexandrova ◽  
Giorgio Giurato ◽  
Pasquale Saggese ◽  
Giovanni Pecoraro ◽  
Jessica Lamberti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Cholesterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Protein Partners ◽  
Interaction Proteomics

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by poor response to therapy and low overall patient survival. Recently, Estrogen Receptor beta (ERβ) has been found to be expressed in a fraction of TNBCs where, because of its oncosuppressive actions on the genome, it represents a potential therapeutic target, provided a better understanding of its actions in these tumors becomes available. To this end, the cell lines Hs 578T, MDA-MB-468 and HCC1806, representing the claudin-low, basal-like 1 and 2 TNBC molecular subtypes respectively, were engineered to express ERβ under the control of a Tetracycline-inducible promoter and used to investigate the effects of this transcription factor on gene activity. The antiproliferative effects of ERβ in these cells were confirmed by multiple functional approaches, including transcriptome profiling and global mapping of receptor binding sites in the genome, that revealed direct negative regulation by ERβ of genes, encoding for key components of cellular pathways associated to TNBC aggressiveness representing novel therapeutic targets such as angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and cholesterol biosynthesis. Supporting these results, interaction proteomics by immunoprecipitation coupled to nano LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry revealed ERβ association with several potential nuclear protein partners, including key components of regulatory complexes known to control chromatin remodeling, transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation and RNA splicing. Among these, ERβ association with the Polycomb Repressor Complexes 1 and 2 (PRC1/2), known for their central role in gene regulation in cancer cells, was confirmed in all three TNBC subtypes investigated, suggesting its occurrence independently from the cellular context. These results demonstrate a significant impact of ERβ in TNBC genome activity mediated by its cooperation with regulatory multiprotein chromatin remodeling complexes, providing novel ground to devise new strategies for the treatment of these diseases based on ligands affecting the activity of this nuclear receptor or some of its protein partners.

scholarly journals Impact of sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 overexpression on different colon cancer cell types

Glycobiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 684-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Venturi ◽  
Inês Gomes Ferreira ◽  
Michela Pucci ◽  
Manuela Ferracin ◽  
Nadia Malagolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Braf Mutations ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Retroviral Transduction ◽  
Experimental Systems ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCancer-associated glycan structures can be both tumor markers and engines of disease progression. The structure Siaα2,6Galβ1,4GlcNAc (Sia6LacNAc), synthesized by sialyltransferase ST6GAL1, is a cancer-associated glycan. Although ST6GAL1/Sia6LacNAc are often overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC), their biological and clinical significance remains unclear. To get insights into the clinical relevance of ST6GAL1 expression in CRC, we interrogated The Cancer Genome Atlas with mRNA expression data of hundreds of clinically characterized CRC and normal samples. We found an association of low ST6GAL1 expression with microsatellite instability (MSI), BRAF mutations and mucinous phenotype but not with stage, response to therapy and survival. To investigate the impact of ST6GAL1 expression in experimental systems, we analyzed the transcriptome and the phenotype of the CRC cell lines SW948 and SW48 after retroviral transduction with ST6GAL1 cDNA. The two cell lines display the two main pathways of CRC transformation: chromosomal instability and MSI, respectively. Constitutive ST6GAL1 expression induced much deeper transcriptomic changes in SW948 than in SW48 and affected different genes in the two cell lines. ST6GAL1 expression affected differentially the tyrosine phosphorylation induced by hepatocyte growth factor, the ability to grow in soft agar, to heal a scratch wound and to invade Matrigel in the two cell lines. These results indicate that the altered expression of a cancer-associated glycosyltransferase impacts the gene expression profile, as well as the phenotype, although in a cancer subtype-specific manner.

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