A Double-Blind Comparison of Terfenadine and Mequitazine in the Symptomatic Treatment of Acute Pollinosis

1986 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Hugonot ◽  
R Hugonot ◽  
D Beaumont ◽  
Cahen ◽  
Colomby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Diary Card ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

This study was a double-blind, parallel group comparison of terfenadine (TRF) 60 mg b.i.d. and mequitazine (MQZ) 5 mg b.i.d. for 7 days in the symptomatic treatment of acute pollinosis. The trial took place in the same geographic area and during the same pollen season (May-July 85), to ensure homogeneity of the study population. The fourteen investigators participating in this multicentre trial recruited 141 patients (69 TRF; 72 MQZ) suffering from well-documented pollinosis, mainly hay fever and sometimes allergy to tree pollens. Symptoms (nasal itching, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, obstruction, conjunctivitis) and possible somnolence were rated daily using a 4-point rating-scale of 0 to 3 by the patient on a diary card. Assessment of over-all efficacy and tolerability – focusing on atropinic side-effects – was made at the end of the seven-days treatment period by the physician, after reviewing the diary card and questioning the patient. The means score profile of each symptom for the study period was similar with the two treatments. Both had a fast onset of action with the regression of the total symptoms' score being already significant at day 1. Over-all assessment of efficacy at day 7 showed no significant difference between the two treatments. The daily somnolence scores however showed a clear and significant difference between the two drugs: the frequency of moderate to marked somnolence from day 2 to 7 was around 15% with MQZ and around 5% on days 2 to 5 and 0% on days 6 and 7 with TRF, the difference being significant on days 2, 5, 6 and 7. The incidence of blurred vision was 7% with MQZ requiring cessation of therapy in one patient, compared with 0% with TRF (p < 0-06). Side-effects other than somnolence and atropinic effects were reported in two TRF and six MQZ patients. In conclusion terfenadine and mequitazine displayed the same efficacy for symptoms of pollinosis, but terfenadinie was better tolerated.

A Comparative Trial of Opipramol and Chlordiazepoxide in the Treatment of Anxiety

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Jepson ◽  
G Beaumont
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Somatic Anxiety ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
The Difference

A daily dose of 200 mg of opipramol (Insidon, Geigy) and 30 mg of chlordiazepoxide (Librium, Roche) were compared in a clinical trial in general practice. The trial was double blind and a stratified randomisation technique was employed. Twenty four patients received opipramol and twenty six chlordiazepoxide for four weeks. A total anxiety score and separate ‘psychic’ anxiety and ‘somatic’ anxiety scores were recorded, using a rating scale initially and after two and four weeks treatment. No overall difference in efficacy was found between the two drugs—opipramol producing a 76% improvement and chlordiazepoxide 64% by the end of the study. There was no difference in the relief of psychic anxiety. Although opipramol appeared to give more relief of somatic anxiety, the difference was not statistically significant. Again although opipramol relieved more individual symptoms than chlordiazepoxide, none of the differences were significant. 70% of patients on opipramol and 74% of those on chlordiazepoxide were classified ‘better’ globally by both doctor and patient by the end of the trial. The total number of side effects recorded was similar on both drugs although drowsiness occurred twice as frequently on chlordiazepoxide as it did on opipramol.

Double-Blind Evaluation of Domperidone in Acute Vomiting and Dyspeptic Disorders

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Agorastos ◽  
N P Zissis ◽  
I Kaprinis ◽  
G Goulis
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Trial ◽  
Therapeutic Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Symptom Rating

The anti-emetic effects of domperidone were evaluated under double-blind conditions in twenty-four patients with acute vomiting randomly assigned to treatment either with 10 mg i.m. domperidone (six females, five males) or with placebo (seven females, six males). The therapeutic results were better with domperidone and the differences from placebo were statistically significant (p < 0.02). In a second randomized, crossover, double-blind trial, domperidone (10 mg t.i.d.) evaluated according to a nine-symptom rating scale, in eighteen dyspeptic patients, proved significantly more effective than placebo. The duration of treatment was 6 weeks and the drugs were crossed-over after 3 weeks. The difference between the two groups was most marked during the second phase of the trial. No side-effects were reported.

Comparison of Pimozide and Chlorpromazine in Acute Schizophrenia

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Pecknold ◽  
D.J. Mcclure ◽  
T. Allan ◽  
L. Wrzesinski
Keyword(s):  
Dopamine Receptor ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Acute Schizophrenia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

A four week double-blind study comparing pimozide and chlorpromazine was designed to test the hypothesis that pimozide, a powerful dopamine receptor blocker, is more effective in the treatment of acute schizophrenia than chlorpromazine. Twenty patients, 13 males and 7 females ranging in age from 21 to 53 years (mean age 33 years) admitted to St. Mary's Hospital with acute schizophrenia were placed on the study. They were treated on an individual titrated dosage of either chlorpromazine 300 mg to 2100 mg, or pimozide 10 to 70 mg. The results revealed that on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the chlorpromazine group significantly improved after one week, whereas the pimozide group showed no statistical improvement until the third week. By the end of the study no significant differences were apparent between the two groups. In the Clinical Global Impression Scale, a significant difference between the two groups was found at week 4 showing a greater improvement in the chlorpromazine group. In terms of adverse reactions, the chlorpromazine group had significantly fewer extrapyramidal symptoms than the pimozide group (Simpson and Angus Scale) and in addition 15 adverse reactions were noted for the pimozide group as compared with 8 for the chlorpromazine group. This study shows that chlorpromazine has an earlier onset of action than pimozide in the acute schizophrenic patient despite the fact that it has a weaker effect on the dopamine receptor than has pimozide. In view of this finding, the dopamine theory of schizophrenia should be critically re-examined.

Report on a Double-Blind Comparison of Two Different Regimens of Dothiepin (Prothiaden)

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Boening
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Clinical Impression ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Single Night ◽  
Node Group

Thirty patients diagnosed as suffering from endogenous depression were entered into a 3-week double-blind trial comparing three times a day dosage of dothiepin with a single night-time dosage in a dosage range of 75 mg to 225 mg per day. The trial was conducted on in-patients and assessments were made pretrial and after 1 and 3 weeks. The patients were assessed by clinician-rated scales for psychomotor and psychic symptoms and by Zung's self-rating scale. Fifteen patients received dothiepin three times a day (day-time group) and fifteen received it as a single night-time dose (node group). There were two withdrawals in the day-time group and three in the node group. All withdrawals were due to lack of therapeutic effect. Over the 3-week trial 67% of the day-time group and 47% of the node group showed a clinical improvement. It was found that there was no statistically significant difference between the two methods of treatment. In the day-time group seven patients and in the night-time group nine patients suffered from side-effects. No particular pattern of side-effects emerged. There were no drug-related changes in the laboratory results. It was concluded that the therapeutic effect of both dosage regimes should be regarded as equivalent. Advantages, due to the specific action of dothiepin, compared with classical antidepressants for reference, could, however, not be presumed by the clinical impression.

A General Practitioner Study of Dothiepin and Amitriptyline

1974 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Lambourn ◽  
J A Rees
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Depressant Effect ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Unexpected Difference

Forty-one patients completed a four-week double-blind study comparing dothiepin and amitriptyline. The anti-depressant effect of the two drugs was measured by the Hamilton depression rating scale and a five-point global scale. Side-effects were recorded as mild, moderate or severe. Analysis of the results failed to demonstrate a statistically significant difference between the anti-depressant effect of the two drugs, but dothiepin was the favoured therapy in all assessments. Both drugs produced a significant improvement (p < 0·01) after only one week's therapy. The incidence and severity of side-effects were much less with dothiepin. An unexpected difference in the Hamilton scores at the end of the fourth week is to be investigated further.

scholarly journals Effects of Fermented Milk Containing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strain Shirota on Constipation in Patients with Depression: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2238
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Zhang ◽  
Shanbin Chen ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Fazheng Ren ◽  
Yimei Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Factor Α

Probiotics have been shown to benefit patients with constipation and depression, but whether they specifically alleviate constipation in patients with depression remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS), formerly Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota, on constipation in patients with depression with specific etiology and gut microbiota and on depressive regimens. Eighty-two patients with constipation were recruited. The subjects consumed 100 mL of a LcS beverage (108 CFU/mL) or placebo every day for 9 weeks. After ingesting beverages for this period, we observed no significant differences in the total patient constipation-symptom (PAC-SYM) scores in the LcS group when compared with the placebo group. However, symptoms/scores in item 7 (rectal tearing or bleeding after a bowel movement) and items 8–12 (stool symptom subscale) were more alleviated in the LcS group than in the placebo group. The Beck Depression Index (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores were all significantly decreased, and the degree of depression was significantly improved in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the groups. The LcS intervention increased the beneficial Adlercreutzia, Megasphaera and Veillonella levels and decreased the bacterial levels related to mental illness, such as Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Sutterella and Oscillibacter. Additionally, the interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were significantly decreased in both the placebo and LcS groups (p < 0.05). In particular, the IL-6 levels were significantly lower in the LcS group than the placebo group after the ingestion period (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the daily consumption of LcS for 9 weeks appeared to relieve constipation and improve the potentially depressive symptoms in patients with depression and significantly decrease the IL-6 levels. In addition, the LcS supplementation also appeared to regulate the intestinal microbiota related to mental illness.

EEG Synchronized TMS for Individualized Therapy in Major Depressive Disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1144-1144
Author(s):  
Y. Jin ◽  
J. Phillips ◽  
Yueqin Huang ◽  
Steven Heurta
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Active Treatment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stimulus Frequency ◽  
List Type ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Double Blind

IntroductionEfficacy of conventional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in major depressive disorder (MDD) is limited. The authors report here on an alternative treatment using low energy synchronized TMS (sTMS) at the intrinsic frequency of subjects’ alpha electroencephalogram (EEG).ObjectivesEstablish efficacy and safety profile of sTMS in MDD.Aim(1)Examine the clinical effectiveness of sTMS.(2)Identify adverse effects associated with sTMS.MethodsFifty-two MDD subjects with 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD17) scores >17 were enrolled into a randomized, sham controlled, double-blind trial. Current medication remained unchanged during the trial. Depressive symptoms were evaluated by HAMD17 administered weekly.EEGs were recorded at baseline to determine the stimulus frequency and at week 4 to evaluate the physiological effect. sTMS was delivered through three 6000-G cylindrical neodymium magnets synchronously rotating at a rate equal to the subject's intrinsic alpha frequency.ResultsForty-five subjects completed at least 1 week of treatment and were evaluable. Those who received active treatment had superior clinical response to sham (t = 2.54, P = 0.01), where 55.2% in the active treatment group were clinical responders versus 12.5% in sham (X2 = 7.82, P = 0.005). No significant side effects were reported. The clinical improvement was correlated with the degree of EEG improvement (r = .46, P = 0.009).ConclusionsA therapeutic effect in MDD subjects can be achieved through administration of sTMS at the subject's alpha EEG frequency. Because of minimal side effects, this appears to be a safe and effective treatment option.

scholarly journals A double-blind randomized controlled trial of topical Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. on mild psoriasis: clinical manifestations, histopathological features, and K6 expressions

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Githa Rahmayunita ◽  
Tjut N.A. Jacoeb ◽  
Endi Novianto ◽  
Wresti Indriatmi ◽  
Rahadi Rihatmadja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Psoriasis Area Severity Index ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza ◽  
The Difference

Background: Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the concentration of IL-6, IL-8, and phosphorylase kinase, which has role in keratinocyte proliferation. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of C. xanthorrhiza in psoriasis.Methods: From 18 to 59 year-old patients with mild psoriasis, 2 similar lesions were selected. The severity assessment was based on the psoriasis area severity index (PASI), Trozak score, and K6 expression. Using a double-blinded randomized method, lesion was treated with 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointment vs placebo for 4 weeks. The results were analyzed by the chi-square test using STATATM V.12 software (Stata Corp.).Results: The study was conducted in 2010 to 2012 with 17 subjects participated. The median of PASI score were reduced significantly in both lesions, either treated with 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointment vs placebo; however when compared between the group, it was not significant (p=0.520). The Trozak score were reduced in lesions treated with 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointment; but it was not significant (p = 0.306). In lesions treated with placebo, the Trozak score was increased significantly. The difference of Trozak score between lesions treated with C. xanthorrhiza and placebo was significant (p=0.024). There was no significant difference of K6 expression in lesions treated with 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointments or placebo as well as on the difference of mean values of K6 expression between the group (p=0.827).Conclusion: Based on the results, 1% C. xanthorrhiza ointment is effective treatment option for mild psoriasis, but longer follow-up period is suggested to confirm this results. C. xanthorrhiza ointment is safe for topical administration as there were no side effects reported in this study.

Study of a New Analgesic Compound in the Treatment of Tension Headache*

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Borges ◽  
C Zavaleta
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activity ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Tension Headache ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Starting Dose ◽  
Single Blind

The effect of a new analgesic compound ( propoxyphene, acetaminophen, caffeine, hydroxyzine) was investigated in a single-blind study comparing it with plain acetaminophen administered to forty patients with tension headache. For the study, patients were assigned to one of two groups of twenty each. Starting dose for each group was one to two tablets followed by one tablet every four to six hours. The results show that 90% clinical success was obtained with the analgesic compound, while a 45% success was obtained with plain acetaminophen. This is a statistically significant difference. Side-effects observed with analgesic compound were primarily drowsiness and dizziness of mild intensity; acetaminophen caused gastro-intestinal alterations ( nausea, vomiting) and dizziness of greater severity. Therapy was withdrawn in 20% of patients taking acetaminophen because of side-effects. The dosage of analgesic compound required to control each episode of tension headache way smaller than that of acetaminophen. These results can be explained by a possible potentiation of pharmacological activity of the compound's components. It can be concluded that the analgesic compound is a new and effective combination for the symptomatic treatment of tension headache.

scholarly journals Topical Diltiazem Versus Topical Glyceryl Trinitrate In The Management Of Chronic Anal Fissure

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Shams Ul Bari ◽  
Ajaz Ahmad Malik ◽  
Khurshid Alam Wani ◽  
Ajaz A Rather
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Anal Fissure ◽  
Chronic Anal Fissure ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Topical Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽  
One Year

Background: Chemical sphincterotomy is a novel way for treating patients of chronic anal fissure which avoids the risk of fecal incontinence associated with traditional surgical methods. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the results of topical Diltiazem with topical Glyceril trinitrate in the management of chronic anal fissure. Methods: 71 patients in the age group of 15 - 61 years with chronic anal fissure were included in this prospective, randomized, double-blind trial over a period of two years with further follow up for one year. The patients were randomly allocated to either Diltiazem gel 2% (37 patients) or Glyceril trinitrate ointment 0.2% (34 patients) and were asked to use the treatment twice daily for 8 weeks. Each patient was reviewed every two weeks. Symptoms, healing, side effects and recurrence were compared using SPSS version 10 employing X2 test. A p-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Patients who received topical diltiazem (DTZ) showed statistically significant difference than those who were prescribed topical glyceril trinitrate in terms of symptoms, wound healing, side effects ( headaches) and recurrence (p=0.03 and 0.003 respectively). Healing occurred in 34 of 37 (92%) patients treated with Diltiazem after 6 weeks and 27 of 34 (80%) patients treated with Glyceril trinitrate after 8 weeks, which shows a significant difference in favour of Diltiazem (P < 0.001). The rest of the patients did not heal and underwent sphincterotomy (SILS). Headache occurred in all of the patients treated with Glyceril trinitrate but none of the patients treated with Diltiazem. Conclusion: Diltiazem gel was found to be better than Glyceril trinitrate ointment due to significantly higher healing rate and fewer side-effects. JMS 2014;17(2):55-58

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