scholarly journals Validation of digital microscopy: Review of validation methods and sources of bias

2021 ◽  
pp. 030098582110404
Author(s):  
Christof A. Bertram ◽  
Nikolas Stathonikos ◽  
Taryn A. Donovan ◽  
Alexander Bartel ◽  
Andrea Fuchs-Baumgartinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Validation Studies ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Human Pathology ◽  
Slide Image ◽  
Diagnostic Concordance

Digital microscopy (DM) is increasingly replacing traditional light microscopy (LM) for performing routine diagnostic and research work in human and veterinary pathology. The DM workflow encompasses specimen preparation, whole-slide image acquisition, slide retrieval, and the workstation, each of which has the potential (depending on the technical parameters) to introduce limitations and artifacts into microscopic examination by pathologists. Performing validation studies according to guidelines established in human pathology ensures that the best-practice approaches for patient care are not deteriorated by implementing DM. Whereas current publications on validation studies suggest an overall high reliability of DM, each laboratory is encouraged to perform an individual validation study to ensure that the DM workflow performs as expected in the respective clinical or research environment. With the exception of validation guidelines developed by the College of American Pathologists in 2013 and its update in 2021, there is no current review of the application of methods fundamental to validation. We highlight that there is high methodological variation between published validation studies, each having advantages and limitations. The diagnostic concordance rate between DM and LM is the most relevant outcome measure, which is influenced (regardless of the viewing modality used) by different sources of bias including complexity of the cases examined, diagnostic experience of the study pathologists, and case recall. Here, we review 3 general study designs used for previous publications on DM validation as well as different approaches for avoiding bias.

PRE-MEETING SHORT COURSES: JULY 31

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (I1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
High Pressure Freezing ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Special Events ◽  
Nanoscale Imaging ◽  
Art Exhibit ◽  
Short Courses ◽  
Full Day

Organizers: John Mansfield and Louis KerrAdditional fees required.SC01: Towards Nanoscale Imaging of Anything in VPSEM (including ESEM): From Basics to Current Practices. Full Day: 9:00 AM–5:00 PM, Room 317A.SC02: Image Processing and Analysis. Full Day: 9:00 AM–5:00 PM, Room 317B.SC03: Photoshop for Microscopy and Microanalysis. Full Day: 9:00 AM–5:00 PM, Room 318A.SC04: High Pressure Freezing Cryosectioning of Vitrified Samples for Tomography, and Freeze Substitution. Full Day: 9:00 AM–5:00 PM, Room 318B.SC05: Specimen Preparation for the Physical Sciences. Full Day: 9:00 AM–5:00 PM, Room 319A.SC06: Digital Microscopy and Image Analysis for Materials Characterization. Half Day: 9:00 AM–1:00 PM, Room 319B.SC07: Interpretation of Microstructure. Half-Day: 9:00 AM–1:00 PM, Room 323A.Special Events: Presidential happenings; IMS Henry Clifton Sorby award and lecture; and Art Exhibit.Educational Venues: Microscopic explorations: A workshop; and It's a Family Affair!

scholarly journals An Efficient SMOTE-Based Deep Learning Model for Heart Attack Prediction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqar ◽  
Hassan Dawood ◽  
Hussain Dawood ◽  
Nadeem Majeed ◽  
Ameen Banjar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Feature Engineering ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
The Given

Cardiac disease treatments are often being subjected to the acquisition and analysis of vast quantity of digital cardiac data. These data can be utilized for various beneficial purposes. These data’s utilization becomes more important when we are dealing with critical diseases like a heart attack where patient life is often at stake. Machine learning and deep learning are two famous techniques that are helping in making the raw data useful. Some of the biggest problems that arise from the usage of the aforementioned techniques are massive resource utilization, extensive data preprocessing, need for features engineering, and ensuring reliability in classification results. The proposed research work presents a cost-effective solution to predict heart attack with high accuracy and reliability. It uses a UCI dataset to predict the heart attack via various machine learning algorithms without the involvement of any feature engineering. Moreover, the given dataset has an unequal distribution of positive and negative classes which can reduce performance. The proposed work uses a synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) to handle given imbalance data. The proposed system discarded the need of feature engineering for the classification of the given dataset. This led to an efficient solution as feature engineering often proves to be a costly process. The results show that among all machine learning algorithms, SMOTE-based artificial neural network when tuned properly outperformed all other models and many existing systems. The high reliability of the proposed system ensures that it can be effectively used in the prediction of the heart attack.

Influences of Edge Rolling on Unsteady Deformation of Metal in Roughing Stage of Continuous Hot Strip Rolling

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 2249-2254
Author(s):  
Rui Ren ◽  
Xiao Ping Zhang ◽  
Xi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Hot Strip Rolling ◽  
Strip Rolling ◽  
Fem Model ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Slab Width ◽  
Bone Width ◽  
Dog Bone ◽  
Hot Strip

Edge rolling in roughing area of continuous hot strip rolling is a basic method of controlling slab width. Edge rolling will induce dog-bone, width loss and fish tail at head and tail ends of slabs in unsteady deformation zone. A 3D elastic-plastic FEM model for roughing stage of continuous hot strip rolling was established and research on the influences of those technical parameters such as slab width, thickness and reduction of edging roll on unsteady deformation of metal was carried out. The research work provides a scientific basis for the optimization of edge rolling schedule.

scholarly journals The Attractive Power of Rural Destinations and a Synergistic Community Cooperative Approach: A “Tourismability” Case

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 7233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Rainero ◽  
Giuseppe Modarelli
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Small Communities ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Cooperative Approach ◽  
Recent Climate ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Rural Destinations

The recent climate change, food scandals, pollution and work-related stress, are affecting life in big cities and tourism is suffering changes expanding its typical boundaries. The past decades were characterized by the tourism choice of exotic destinations; nowadays, a route inversion would be visible and remote and inner destinations are acquiring value and attractiveness. According to this perspective, administrators and event organizers are planning and structuring strategies ensuring memorable experiences for the tourists. In the sense of sustainable development, important aspects are cooperative approaches and capability to integrate traditions and expectations. The proposed research work focuses the attention on the analysis of 15 semi-structured interviews through SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) and perception analysis on an event called “Dream of a night…to that town” provided by the Municipality of Colobraro, Basilicata Region (Italy). The proposition of the research would focus the attention on a case study able to form not a top-down/bottom-up, but a horizontal strategy, a sharable best practice for the whole tourism sector in rural areas that would make truly effective the State decentralization, in which the small communities’ activism configures crucial source of competitiveness. The case proposed, contrasting modern lifestyles and common tourism choice, would be able to redirect the concept of attractiveness in privileging remote places that could offer memorable tourism experiences. So, a promotional “tourismability” strategy, integrating agricultural connotates of the territory with heritage, traditions, myths and legends, through a synergistic community cooperative approach, would be necessary to constitute an identitary, attractive, memorable and immersive tourism experience in rural areas.

scholarly journals Repolarization studies using human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes: Validation studies and best practice recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 104756
Author(s):  
Gary Gintant ◽  
Emily Pfeiffer Kaushik ◽  
Tromondae Feaster ◽  
Sonja Stoelzle-Feix ◽  
Yasunari Kanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Validation Studies ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Human Stem Cell ◽  
Practice Recommendations

scholarly journals Methodology based on best practice rules to design a new-born trochoidal gear pump

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Gamez-Montero ◽  
R Castilla ◽  
E Codina
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Gear Pump ◽  
Selection Effects ◽  
Hydraulic Pump ◽  
Pump Design ◽  
Know How ◽  
New Born ◽  
Pump Construction

The trochoidal gear pump, also known as gerotor, owing to its remarkable advantages compared to other hydraulic pumps is chosen for many engineering applications. As each application is unique, the designer ought to be knowledgeable of the required specifications as a first task but need not be an expert in the hydraulic pump design. The review of the existing research reveals significant gaps to develop a new-born project and the work presented in this paper, drawn on existing research work and the authors’ own experience and know-how, aims to overcome them. The objective of the paper is then to provide a summary of the best practice rules to design a trochoidal gear pump from scratch achieving a thorough understanding. In the conceptual stage, making decisions come according to a predetermined set of four parameters known by the designer that will lead to the complete development of the trochoidal gear set. Afterwards, in the design process, the most important characteristics of the pump such as the porting, the pump construction, and the limitations are presented based on the significant explanations, with regard to each feature, selection, effects, and good practices. As a result, the methodology presented compiles the process of engineering in designing a new trochoidal gear pump as a catalogue of guidelines aiming to overcome a vague design due to a lack of knowledge. This collection of best practice rules intends to guide the designer to take good decisions early in the design process that limit design change later in the final stage—the prototype.

scholarly journals Implementation of lean tools and techniques in an ethical papers production industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Kukhan S ◽  
Bhuvanesh Kumar M
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lean Tools ◽  
Production Industry

Lean manufacturing (LM) is established as a best practice to improve the performance of manufacturing industries. Not all the manufacturing industries realize the benefits of LM practices specifically continuous process industries. The present research work is intended to study the advantages of implementing LM practices in an ethical paper industry which is a continuous production industry. Presently, the industry suffers with the problems such as lack of productivity, raw material wastes, underutilized resources, and lack of standard practices in the production. Gemba technique is adapted to record the information related to the present manufacturing environment. Based on the current state analysis, the feasible lean tools are selected and implemented such as 5S, Kaizen, and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). The improvements have been noted as reduced tool change over time, reduced material wastes, effective utilization of resources and provide safety guidelines to workers and operations. The implications of these improvements increased the productivity also.

The performance of digital microscopy for primary diagnosis in human pathology: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 474 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Luíza Damaceno Araújo ◽  
Lady Paola Aristizábal Arboleda ◽  
Natalia Rangel Palmier ◽  
Jéssica Montenegro Fonsêca ◽  
Mariana de Pauli Paglioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Digital Microscopy ◽  
Human Pathology

scholarly journals The Role of Scale Adjustment in Color Change Evaluation

Instruments ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gueli ◽  
Pasquale ◽  
Politi ◽  
Stella
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Color Difference ◽  
Color Measurement ◽  
Cielab Color Space ◽  
Archaeological Excavations ◽  
Cielab Color

The aim of this research work was to assess the influence of different scale adjustment conditions on both color measurement and color difference quantification and, in particular, to determine the best procedure to follow for a high-reliability protocol. This issue is very important in the Cultural Heritage field and, above all, in color measurement, which is carried out at different times during conservation and restoration campaigns or during archaeological excavations. Color change evaluation, performed by way of spectrophotometric measurements under different scale adjustment procedures on selected samples represented by colored reflectance standards and colored paintings, aimed to obtain results not only on ideal samples (certified standards) but also on real case studies (paintings). The study was conducted by focusing on the coordinates of the CIELAB color space and, in particular, on the calculation of the ΔE*ab quantity. The results show the introduction of nonsystematic variation with different scale adjustment procedures independent of materials and hue.

On the experimental lead-cooled installation

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
N. V. Aleksandrov ◽  
Ye. D. Blank ◽  
A. D. Kashtanov ◽  
V. V. Stepanov ◽  
V. V. Lemekhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Liquid Lead ◽  
Extensive Experience ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Large Structures ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Coolant Circulation

Extensive experience in operating nuclear power plants convincingly proves that fast liquid metal cooled reactors are among the most promising. The advantages of using liquid lead coolants in nuclear power industry are shown. In Russia, lately, much attention has been paid to the natural safety of fast reactors. At the stage of testing materials for components of reactor plants, a number of problems arose for basic systems. An experimental lead-cooled installation was developed for testing large structures, continuous monitoring and maintaining specified technical parameters. For reliable coolant circulation (lead coolant circulation speed up to 200 kg/s), a magnetohydrodynamic pump (MHD pump) has been developed, which is distinguished by high efficiency and reliability, it is also ease in operation and maintenance. Currently, the experimental setup is successfully used in scientific research of materials for RU BREST-OD-300. All its systems showed high reliability, maintainability and the possibility of further modernization.

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