Correlates of Illicit Drug Use Among Indigenous Peoples in Canada: A Test of Social Support Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (14) ◽  
pp. 4510-4527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqun Cao ◽  
Velmer S. Burton ◽  
Liu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Support Theory ◽  
Support Measures

Relying on a national stratified random sample of Indigenous peoples aged 19 years old and above in Canada, this study investigates the correlates of illicit drug use among Indigenous peoples, paying special attention to the association between social support measures and illegal drug use. Results from multivariate logistical regression show that measures of social support, such as residential mobility, strength of ties within communities, and lack of timely counseling, are statistically significant correlates of illicit drug use. Those identifying as Christian are significantly less likely to use illegal drugs. This is the first nationwide analysis of the illicit drug usage of Indigenous peoples in Canada. The results are robust because we have controlled for a range of comorbidity variables as well as a series of sociodemographic variables. Policy implications from these findings are discussed.

Identifying a Drug Use Typology of Philadelphia Arrestees: A Cluster Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Yacoubian ◽  
Robert J. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Drug Problem ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Drug Crime ◽  
National Institute Of Justice

The Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) program is a measurement system established by the National Institute of Justice to test booked arrestees for illegal drug use. DUF has consistently shown high levels of illicit drug use among arrestees, including those charged with crimes unrelated to drug use. Measuring the extent and nature of this illicit drug use is essential to, first, determining how severe the drug problem is, and second, developing ideal methods for combating it. Part I of this analysis presents an overview of the drug/crime connection. Part II describes the methodology of the DUF project. Part III, first, describes the utility of clustering as a statistical tool, and second, identifies homogeneous clusters of drug users from a Philadelphia population of 1,329 arrestees. Part IV assesses the policy implications of these classifications.

Interventions by Students in Friends' Alcohol, Tobacco, and Drug Use

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald G. Smart ◽  
Gina Stoduto
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
Illegal Drugs ◽  
Drug Education ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
At Home

This article investigates self-reported interventions by students in the alcohol, tobacco, illicit drug use, and drinking-driving of their friends. The data came from a study of 1184 students in Ontario schools in grades 7, 9, 11, and 13. We found that about a third of students intervened in friends' illegal drug use and drinking-driving but about half intervened about smoking. Students who intervened were more likely to be older and spend fewer nights at home. They were less likely to use cannabis, but had more friends using cannabis and illegal drugs. Also, they had more exposure to drug education and were more disapproving of drug use. Drug education may give students the knowledge and confidence to intervene in friends' drug use.

scholarly journals Students Tendency Toward Illicit Drug Use: The Role of Perceived Social Support and Family Function in Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Massah ◽  
Manuchehr Azkhosh ◽  
Yousof Azami ◽  
Ali Akbar Goodiny ◽  
Younes Doostian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Family Function

scholarly journals Factors in the Transition from Legal to Illicit Drug Use in Young Adults from Northern Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Selene Ozuna Esprinosa ◽  
Josefina Saraí Candia Arredondo ◽  
María Magdalena Alonso Castillo ◽  
Karla Selene López García ◽  
Francisco Rafael Guzmán Facundo
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Northern Mexico

Objective. This research sought to analyze the predictive effect of personal (personality traits), social (social support and social stigma) and community factors (characteristic of the neighborhood and exposure to consumption) on the transition of drug use in young adults.Methods. Case and control study. The cases were 70 individuals from 18 to 34 years of age who had already transitioned into illicit drug use and the controls were 210 legal drug usuers (tobacco or alcohol) in the same age range  who had not had the transition. A data file was applied along with seven instruments that measured the transition and consumption variables.Results. Marihuana was the illicit drug of highest transition. It was shown that greater personality traits of neuroticism, extraversion, and openness to the experience meant higher probability of drug use transition; while greater personality traits of agreeableness and conscience meant lower probability for the transition. The characteristics of the neighborhood environment and exposure to the opportunity of consumption increase the probability of the drug use transition. Social support and social stigma influenced negatively upon the drug use transition.Conclusion. Personality traits, neighborhood characteristics, exposure to drug use, social support, and the social stigma of drug use are factors that intervene in the transition from legal to illicit drug useDescriptores: street drugs; drug users; risk factors; young adult; personality; social support; social stigma; residence characteristics; surveys and questionnaires; case-control studies.How to cite this article: Ozuna  MS, Candia JS, Alonso MM,  López KS, Guzmán FR. Factors in the Transition from Legal to Illicit Drug Use in Young Adults from Northern Mexico. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e11.

Illicit Drug use in the Australian Capital Territory: Implications for the Feasibility of a “Heroin Trial”

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
David McDonald ◽  
Adele Stevens ◽  
Phyll Dance ◽  
Gabriele Bammer
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Heroin Users ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Australian Capital ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Impact

The National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health and the Australian Institute of Criminology are jointly engaged in a study of the feasibility of conducting a trial to provide heroin and other opioids to current heroin users in a controlled manner. (This is referred to by the short-hand of a “heroin trial”.) Heroin and other illicit drug use in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) is being researched as part of this process. We present a brief overview of the demographics of the ACT, the patterns of illegal drug use, drug prices, trends in drug use, the impact of illegal drug use and estimates of the number of heroin users in the ACT. Illicit opioid users in the ACT are not an homogeneous group of people and most are far removed from the stereotypical “junkie”. Existing data suggests that the ACT may have some 1,000 dependent heroin users and over 3,000 non-dependent users, but more work is required to develop a more precise estimate of numbers. A combination of quantitative and qualitative data is essential for highlighting the potential advantages and disadvantages of a trial and for determining whether or not a trial is feasible.

The Roles of Family, Community, and Services in the Prevention of Illicit Drug Use: Findings From a Sample of Released Prisoners

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262098477
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
Christy A. Visher
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Social Control ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Release Drug ◽  
Systemic Model

Studies show that the deterioration of family bonds and financial difficulty are barriers to a successful reintegration after incarceration. However, how family, community, and correction agencies simultaneously affect individuals’ illicit drug use during reentry is rarely examined. This study draws insights from the systemic model of social disorganization and examines the joint effects of private, parochial, and public levels of social control on post-release drug use. We used a longitudinal data set that captured family relationships, community cohesiveness, and reentry program participation of released prisoners. Findings provide empirical support for the application of the systemic model of social disorganization on illicit drug during reentry. The various levels of social control defined by this theory were found to exhibit significant and inhibitory effects on individuals’ drug use after release. This study advances our understanding of individuals’ reentry outcomes by highlighting the joint influence of family, community, and correction agencies. Policy implications for addressing post-release drug use are presented.

scholarly journals ILLICIT DRUG USE AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN LITHUANIA: AGE, GENDER DIFFERENCES AND CORRELATION WITH LIFESTYLE

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Liudmila Rupšienė ◽  
Ingrida Baranauskienė ◽  
Regina Saveljeva ◽  
Aleksandra Batuchina
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
University Students ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Illegal Drug ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Research Results

The article presents the research aiming at answering a question <em>What is the illegal drug use among university students in Lithuania and what is its correlation with the age, gender and lifestyle</em>? The research data was obtained from 18 Lithuanian universities involved in the research. The questionnaire’s questions were answered by 1087 students: 37 % male and 63 % female students. The average age of the respondents was 21 years; minimal age was 18, maximum was 29. The ESPAD questionnaire <cite>was adapted for the research. Some research results proved earlier results of research studies carried out in Lithuania; however, new tendencies significant to practice of prevention of drug use were revealed as well.</cite>

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